Stressful life events across the lifespan and inflammation: An integrative data analysis.

Experiencing more stressful life events has been linked to higher levels of inflammation, but this association may depend on when in the lifespan the stressors occur. To address this knowledge gap, we tested two lifespan theories, the accumulation of risks and sensitive period models, by assessing the association between the total number of stressful events and their life stage occurrence on later-life C-reactive protein (CRP). We harmonized data across two cohort studies, maximizing variation in stressors reported across the lifespan.

Regulating Select Agent Chimeras: Defining the Problem(s) Through the Lens of SARS-CoV-1/SARS-CoV-2 Chimeric Viruses.

In late 2021, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) posted an interim final rule (86 FR 64075) to the federal register regulating the possession, use, and transfer of SARS-CoV-1/SARS-CoV-2 chimeric viruses. In doing so, the CDC provided the reasoning that viral chimeras combining the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 with the pathogenicity and lethality of SARS-CoV-1 pose a significant risk to public health and should thus be placed on the select agents and toxins list. However, 86 FR 64075 lacked clarity in its definitions and scope, some of which the CDC addressed in response to public comments in the final rule, 88 FR 13322, in early 2023.

Chimeric Viruses Containing Select Agents: The Biology Behind Their Creation, Attenuation, and Exclusion From Regulation.

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), as part of the Federal Select Agent Program, and under the purview of 42 CFR §73.3, has the ability to regulate chimeric viruses that contain portions of pathogens that are part of the select agents and toxins list. In addition, the CDC is responsible for excluding pathogens from regulation, including chimeric viruses, that are sufficiently attenuated.

To screen or not to screen: Exploring and addressing effective screening processes for trauma among forced migrants.

Background: Existing literature points to higher rates of trauma disorders for forced migrants than general or immigrant populations. The process of identification and screening for trauma in this population however is not straightforward and is actually controversial in some circles. Furthermore there are no definitive guidelines for mental health and social service providers on the "when" "who", "what" "why", "where", and "how" of trauma screening.

Just preparation for war and AI-enabled weapons.

This paper maintains that the just war tradition provides a useful framework for analyzing ethical issues related to the development of weapons that incorporate artificial intelligence (AI), or "AI-enabled weapons." While development of any weapon carries the risk of violations of jus ad bellum and jus in bello, AI-enabled weapons can pose distinctive risks of these violations. The article argues that developing AI-enabled weapons in accordance with jus ante bellum principles of just preparation for war can help minimize the risk of these violations.

Association between Intensity Levels of Physical Activity and Glucose Variability among Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes.

Unlabelled: Studies would indicate a reduction in hemoglobin A1c levels following moderate and/or vigorous physical activity (PA) for people managing diabetes. However, prior investigations rarely looked at glucose variability in an adolescent population.

Purpose: The purpose of this investigation was to test the relationship between physical activity intensity levels and glucose variability in a sample of adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus, and if the amount of time accumulated for each intensity level is predictive of changes in glucose variability.

Positive social factors prospectively predict younger epigenetic age: Findings from the Health and Retirement Study.

Objectives: Positive social factors may slow biological aging, but this has yet to be rigorously tested. This study investigated whether baseline levels or changes over time in social support and contact frequency prospectively predicted epigenetic age.

Method: Health and Retirement Study participants (N = 1912, 46.

Comparative efficacy of mepolizumab, benralizumab, and dupilumab in eosinophilic asthma: A Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Background: The comparative safety and efficacy of the biologics currently approved for asthma are unclear.

Objective: We compared the safety and efficacy of mepolizumab, benralizumab, and dupilumab in individuals with severe eosinophilic asthma.

Methods: We performed a systematic review of peer-reviewed literature published 2000 to 2021.

Characteristics of the new multiple rogue wave solutions to the fractional generalized CBS-BK equation.

Introduction: The multiple Exp-function scheme is employed for searching the multiple soliton solutions for the fractional generalized Calogero-Bogoyavlenskii-Schiff-Bogoyavlensky- Konopelchenko equation.

Objectives: Moreover, the Hirota bilinear technique is utilized to detecting the lump and interaction with two stripe soliton solutions.

Methods: The multiple Exp-function scheme and also, the semi-inverse variational principle will be used for the considered equation.

The Role of CtIP in Homology-Directed Repair of DNA Double-Strand Breaks.

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are a particularly genotoxic type of DNA damage that can result in chromosomal aberrations. Thus, proper repair of DSBs is essential to maintaining genome integrity. DSBs can be repaired by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), where ends are processed before joining through ligation.

Impacts of Small RNAs and Their Chaperones on Bacterial Pathogenicity.

Bacterial small RNAs (sRNAs) are critical post-transcriptional regulators that exert broad effects on cell physiology. One class of sRNAs, referred to as -acting sRNAs, base-pairs with mRNAs to cause changes in their stability or translation. Another class of sRNAs sequesters RNA-binding proteins that in turn modulate mRNA expression.

The Bluegrass corpus: Audio-visual stimuli to investigate foreign accents.

The Bluegrass corpus includes sentences from 40 pairs of speakers. Participants from the Bluegrass Region rated one speaker from each pair as having a native North American English accent and the other as having a foreign accent (Experiment 1). Furthermore, speakers within each pair looked very similar in appearance, in that participants rated them similarly likely to speak with a foreign accent (Experiment 2).

How Infant and Toddlers' Media Use Is Related to Sleeping Habits in Everyday Life in Italy.

Background: Heavy media use has been linked to sleep problems in children, which may also extend to the infancy period. While international parent-advisory agencies, such as the American Academy of Pediatrics (2016), advise no screen time before 18 months, parents often do not follow this recommendation. Research on Italian infants' early access to media is sparse, and only very few studies have investigated links with sleeping habits.

3,3'-Diindolylmethane Enhances Tumor Regression After Radiation Through Protecting Normal Cells to Modulate Antitumor Immunity.

Purpose: Preclinical and clinical data indicate that radiation therapy acts as an immune modifier, having both immune-stimulatory and immunosuppressive effects on the tumor-immune microenvironment (TIME). 3.3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) sensitizes tumor cells to radiation and protects mice from lethal doses of total body irradiation.

Exploring Baseline Concussion-Assessment Performance in Adapted Wheelchair Sport Athletes.

Context: With growing awareness of and advocacy for including individuals with disabilities in sport, implementation of concussion-assessment and -management strategies is warranted. Limited research is available on concussion assessment in adapted wheelchair sport athletes.

Objective: To examine baseline symptom reporting, computerized neurocognitive testing, and a modified balance scoring system in adapted athletes.

APOE genotype-dependent pharmacogenetic responses to rapamycin for preventing Alzheimer's disease.

The ε4 allele of Apolipoprotein (APOE4) is the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia. Cognitively normal APOE4 carriers have developed amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and cerebrovascular, metabolic and structural deficits decades before showing the cognitive impairment. Interventions that can inhibit Aβ retention and restore the brain functions to normal would be critical to prevent AD for the asymptomatic APOE4 carriers.

Structural analysis of mycobacterial homoserine transacetylases central to methionine biosynthesis reveals druggable active site.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the cause of the world's most deadly infectious disease. Efforts are underway to target the methionine biosynthesis pathway, as it is not part of the host metabolism. The homoserine transacetylase MetX converts L-homoserine to O-acetyl-L-homoserine at the committed step of this pathway.

DNA methyltransferase inhibitors induce a BRCAness phenotype that sensitizes NSCLC to PARP inhibitor and ionizing radiation.

A minority of cancers have breast cancer gene (BRCA) mutations that confer sensitivity to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPis), but the role for PARPis in BRCA-proficient cancers is not well established. This suggests the need for novel combination therapies to expand the use of these drugs. Recent reports that low doses of DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTis) plus PARPis enhance PARPi efficacy in BRCA-proficient AML subtypes, breast, and ovarian cancer open up the possibility that this strategy may apply to other sporadic cancers.

Readability of consent forms in veterinary clinical research.

Background: "Readability" of consent forms is vital to the informed consent process. The average human hospital consent form is written at a 10th grade reading level, whereas the average American adult reads at an 8th grade level. Limited information currently exists regarding the readability of veterinary general medical or clinical research consent forms.

Coflex interspinous implant placement leading to synovial cyst development: case report.

Interspinous process devices (IPDs) have been developed as less-invasive alternatives to spinal fusion with the goal of decompressing the spinal canal and preserving segmental motion. IPD implantation is proposed to treat symptoms of lumbar spinal stenosis that improve during flexion. Recent indications of IPD include lumbar facet joint syndrome, which is seen in patients with mainly low-back pain.

Encouraging top-down attention in visual search:A developmental perspective.

Four experiments are reported in which 60 younger children (7-8 years old), 60 older children (10-11 years old), and 60 young adults (18-25 years old) performed a conjunctive visual search task (15 per group in each experiment). The number of distractors of each feature type was unbalanced across displays to evaluate participants' ability to restrict search to the smaller subset of features. The use of top-down attention processes to restrict search was encouraged by providing external aids for identifying and maintaining attention on the smaller set.