Development of a semi-automated tool to measure fetal abdominal wall thickness during ultrasound at 20 weeks' gestation.

Objectives: To develop a semi-automated tool for measuring fetal abdominal wall thickness (AWT). To validate the software using images captured by other centers and create a nomogram for fetal AWT between 18 and 20 weeks.

Methods: A semiautomated tool that measured AWT was developed using images captured at the routine 20-week morphology scan.

Serum bile acid measurements in women of European and South Asian ethnicity with or without gestational diabetes mellitus: A cohort study.

Objective: Investigation of serum bile acid profiles in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a multi-ethnic cohort of women who are lean or obese.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: UK multicentre study.

Management of Pediatric Volar Plate Avulsion Fractures of the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint: A Systematic Review.

Background: Sudden, forced hyperextension injuries to the proximal interphalangeal joint leading to volar plate avulsion fractures are common hand injuries in children. Suboptimal management of these fractures can lead to the development of long-term complications such as stiffness and flexion contracture.

Methods: MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Embase, Google Scholar, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were systematically searched, and additional studies were found through reference of articles up to June 15, 2023.

Diabetic Retinopathy and Quality of Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Importance: The association between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and quality of life (QoL) has not been thoroughly investigated.

Objective: To investigate the association between DR and both vision-related QoL (VRQoL) and general health-related QoL (HRQoL).

Data Sources: MEDLINE, EBSCO, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from their inception to April 2022.

Knowledge and practice regarding cancer screening in Nepal: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cancer screening utilization can aid in the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer. However, the current scenario of the knowledge and practice regarding cancer screening remains unclear as the authors do not have sufficient studies. Hence, the authors conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the situation of cancer screening utilization and knowledge.

Factors influencing the quality of life in inflammatory bowel disease: A comprehensive review.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic relapsing disorders, including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), which affects an increasing number of people worldwide. In the last few decades, the scientific world has witnessed many developments in IBD management by controlling debilitating symptoms and remaining in remission for more protracted periods. Even so, we still have a large population suffering from active IBD.

Metformin Inefficiency to Lower Lipids in Vitamin B12 Deficient HepG2 Cells Is Alleviated via Adiponectin-AMPK Axis.

Prolonged metformin treatment decreases vitamin B12 (B12) levels, whereas low B12 is associated with dyslipidaemia. Some studies have reported that metformin has no effect on intrahepatic triglyceride (TG) levels. Although AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation via adiponectin lowers hepatic TG content, its role in B12 deficiency and metformin has not been explored.

Hip Fracture Post-operative Mortality and Polypharmacy: A New Risk Predictor?

Introduction Hip fractures include intra- and extracapsular fractures with hip hemiarthroplasty, intramedullary (IM nailing), dynamic hip screw (DHS) fixation and cannulated cancellous screws being the main treatment options. The Nottingham Hip Fracture Score (NHFS) is used to predict the risk of 30-day mortality with some studies investigating its use for one-year mortality. This study aims to investigate the impact of polypharmacy on post-operative hip fracture mortality and the correlation with NHFS predicted mortality.

The effects of rivastigmine on neuropsychiatric symptoms in the early stages of Parkinson's disease: A systematic review.

Background And Purpose: Neuropsychiatric symptoms including depression, apathy and psychosis occur frequently in patients with Parkinson's disease. A subgroup of patients develop cognitive impairment, which may increase the risk of falls due to reduced attention. The acetylcholinesterase inhibitor rivastigmine is beneficial in Parkinson's disease dementia, but whether the use of rivastigmine is effective earlier in the disease course is unclear.

Effectiveness of pre-pregnancy lifestyle in preventing gestational diabetes mellitus-a systematic review and meta-analysis of 257,876 pregnancies.

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is hyperglycaemia first detected during pregnancy. Globally, GDM affects around 1 in 6 live births (up to 1 in 4 in low- and middle-income countries- LMICs), thus, urgent measures are needed to prevent this public health threat.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of pre-pregnancy lifestyle in preventing GDM.

Prediction of postpartum prediabetes by machine learning methods in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Early onset of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease are common complications for women diagnosed with gestational diabetes. Prediabetes refers to a condition in which blood glucose levels are higher than normal, but not yet high enough to be diagnosed as type 2 diabetes. Currently, there is no accurate way of knowing which women with gestational diabetes are likely to develop postpartum prediabetes.

Quantification and severity grading of femoral vessel compression by adverse reactions to metal debris in metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty.

Introduction: Metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip arthroplasty (THA) may cause adverse reactions to metal debris (ARMD). ARMD causing femoral vessel compression with serious complications has been described in case reports, but the rate of compression by ARMD is not known. This study aims to investigate the rate, and quantify the severity, of femoral vessel compression in MoM hips with ARMD lesions.

Effects of treating subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy in India: Are we treating too many for little gain? A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To assess the impact of treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) on short-term pregnancy outcomes.

Method: Data from 4526 consecutive women with singleton pregnancies who delivered between January 2015 and December 2017 were analyzed. SCH was defined as a thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level between 2.

MAGIC (maternal glucose in pregnancy) understanding the glycemic profile of pregnancy, intensive CGM glucose profiling and its relationship to fetal growth: an observational study protocol.

Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) provides the most objective method of assessing glucose in daily life. Although there have been small, short-term physiologic studies of glucose metabolism in 'healthy' pregnant women a comprehensive, longitudinal description of changes in glucose over the course of pregnancy and how glucose dysregulation earlier in pregnancy relates to traditional third trimester screening for gestational diabetes, fetal growth and pregnancy outcomes is lacking. This study aims to characterise longitudinal changes in glycemia across gestation using CGM, in order to understand the evolution of dysglycemia and its relationship to fetal growth.

Frequency and Type of Thyroid Carcinoma in Patients With Multinodular Goiter.

Background This study aimed to investigate the incidence and subtype of thyroid cancer in multinodular goitre (MNG) patients who underwent total thyroidectomy. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Khyber Teaching Hospital, screening 207 MNG patients who received complete thyroidectomies between July and December 2022. The senior consultant diagnosed thyroid cancer based on a complete history, physical examination, and laboratory and radiological studies.

Structured group education programme and accompanying mHealth intervention to promote physical activity in women with a history of gestational diabetes: A randomised controlled trial.

Aims: Assess effectiveness of a hybrid intervention targeting physical activity in women with prior gestational diabetes.

Methods: Randomised controlled trial with parallel arms. 293 women (35.

Delayed Presentation of Non-traumatic Bilateral Leg Pseudoaneurysms Mimicking Soft-Tissue Sarcoma - A Case Report.

Introduction: Non-traumatic pseudoaneurysms are very rare but should be considered as a differential diagnosis on patients presenting with a thigh mass.

Case Report: We present an extremely unusual case of a 70-year-old patient who presented with clinical features of a soft-tissue sarcoma of the thigh that instead was proven to be a non-traumatic pseudoaneurysm. There was also incidental finding of bilateral leg non-traumatic pseudoaneurysms.

Diagnosis of subtle syndesmotic instability using conventional CT-imaging and axial force in different foot positions.

Background: Currently, there is no available method that can objectively and reliably detect subtle instability of the distal tibiofibular joint. The purpose of this study is to diagnose, using computerized axial tomography and an adjustable simulated loading device, subtle instability of the tibiofibular syndesmosis.

Methods: Fifteen healthy individuals and 15 patients with clinical suspicion of subtle instability of the tibiofibular syndesmosis (total 60 ankles) were studied using an adjustable simulated loading device (ASLD).

Prevalence of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus in south and southeast Asian women with history of gestational diabetes mellitus: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The burden of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is very high in south Asia (SA) and southeast Asia (SEA). Thus, there is a need to understand the prevalence and risk factors for developing prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) postpartum, in this high-risk population.

Aim: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of prediabetes and T2DM among the women with history of GDM in SA and SEA.