1,218 results match your criteria: "Genital Herpes in Pregnancy"
2024 European guidelines for the management of genital herpes.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol
December 2024
Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Southampton, UK.
Article Synopsis
Genital Herpes: Rapid Evidence Review.
Am Fam Physician
November 2024
Eglin Air Force Base Family Medicine Residency Program in Florida.
Article Synopsis
- - Genital herpes, caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 or 2, is a lifelong sexually transmitted infection affecting over 500 million people globally, with no available vaccines for prevention.
- - It is characterized by painful genital lesions and flu-like symptoms; diagnosis is typically made through laboratory tests like PCR or viral culture.
- - Treatment includes antiviral medications to manage outbreaks and reduce transmission, and pregnant individuals with a history of genital herpes are advised to start antiviral therapy at 36 weeks and may require a cesarean section if lesions are present.
Disseminated herpes simplex virus infection in pregnancy.
Biomedica
November 2024
Departamento de Infectología, Hospital Manuel Uribe Ángel, Envigado, Colombia.
Article Synopsis
- - Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 are the most common sexually transmitted infections in women, particularly prevalent in developing countries, and can cause serious complications if contracted during the perinatal period, affecting both mother and child.
- - The diagnosis of HSV infection can be complicated due to a range of symptoms, from asymptomatic cases to those with non-specific signs, making clinical suspicion vital in suspected cases.
- - The case presented involves a mother who suffered from severe HSV type 2 infection leading to viral hepatitis and fetal death, emphasizing the need for awareness in febrile women showing systemic illness during the perinatal phase, even without skin lesions.
Next-generation 3D printed multipurpose prevention intravaginal ring for prevention of HIV, HSV-2, and unintended pregnancy.
J Control Release
December 2024
Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- * The study introduces a 3D printed multipurpose prevention technology (MPT) intravaginal ring (IVR) designed to prevent HIV, HSV-2, and unintended pregnancy, utilizing advanced 3D printing techniques and biocompatible materials.
- * The IVRs demonstrated stable drug release and safety in macaque studies, maintaining effectiveness and tolerability over a 28-day period without causing any significant inflammatory responses.
Quality of Caregiver-Adolescent Relationship on HIV, Herpes Simplex Virus Type-2, and on Pregnancy Among Young Women in South Africa Enrolled in HIV Prevention Trials Network 068.
J Adolesc Health
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Braamfontein, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Purpose: Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) are at an increased risk of acquiring HIV and HSV-2, and unintended pregnancies are high in AGYW. Despite the protective impact of caregiver-adolescent relationships on risk behaviors, less attention has been paid to the association of these relationships and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and pregnancy.
Methods: We used longitudinal data from HIV Prevention Trial Network 068, which was conducted among 2,533 AGYW (13 - 20 years) over 5 years in Agincourt, South Africa.
Joint British Association for Sexual Health and HIV and Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists national UK guideline for the management of herpes simplex virus (HSV) in pregnancy and the neonate (2024 update).
Int J STD AIDS
September 2024
Solent NHS Trust, Southampton, UK.
Article Synopsis
- The updated UK guidelines provide management recommendations for genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) during pregnancy and the first month after birth, addressing both first episodes and recurrences of HSV.
- They also cover scenarios such as preterm pre-labour rupture of membranes and co-infection with HIV, with specific advice on caring for newborns and preventing postnatal transmission.
- Aimed at healthcare professionals in various settings, including sexual health and maternity units, these guidelines emphasize that their principles should be applied to all care environments, including community services.
Analysis of HSV1/2 Infection Reveals an Association between HSV-2 Reactivation and Pregnancy.
Viruses
August 2024
Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel.
Article Synopsis
- The herpes simplex viruses, HSV-1 and HSV-2, are common globally and currently have no definitive cure, prompting an analysis of their distinct characteristics based on various factors such as gender, age, and health conditions.
- A study was conducted using data from the Israeli Central Virology Laboratory between 2011 and 2018, where 9189 samples were diagnosed, alongside a detailed medical data extraction from 287 females with genital infections.
- Findings revealed that HSV-2 infections were more prevalent in females and that pregnancy is a significant risk factor for reactivation of HSV-2, with a higher incidence found in women diagnosed with HSV-2 compared to those with HSV-1.
A case report: recurrent anemia related to long term acyclovir use in a pregnant HIV infected Ugandan.
Afr Health Sci
March 2024
Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Makerere University, P. O. Box 7072 Kampala, Uganda.
Article Synopsis
- - A pregnant patient was diagnosed with HIV and started Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) in her second trimester while also receiving high doses of acyclovir for large genital warts.
- - Despite the acyclovir treatment, she experienced severe anemia requiring 14 blood transfusions over 6 weeks, which improved after discontinuing the medication.
- - After stopping acyclovir, she had a normal delivery and underwent surgery to remove the warts, with a follow-up eight months later showing her and her baby in good health without any further transfusions.
Clinical Updates in Sexually Transmitted Infections, 2024.
J Womens Health (Larchmt)
June 2024
Division of STD Prevention; National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Article Synopsis
- STIs are on the rise in the U.S., with over 2.5 million cases of gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis reported in 2022, posing serious health risks for untreated women, including infertility and pregnancy complications.
- Staying updated on STI guidelines is challenging due to frequent changes; new recommendations emphasize syphilis screening for high-risk populations, including three screenings during pregnancy regardless of risk.
- The article discusses updates on extragenital screening for gonorrhea and chlamydia, treatment guidelines for several STIs, and addresses challenges in diagnosing genital herpes and mpox in women, especially during pregnancy.
Genital VZV in a Third Trimester Pregnancy and the Critical Role of Interdisciplinary Planning.
Case Rep Infect Dis
April 2024
School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Herpes simplex (HSV) and varicella zoster (VZV) are serious concerns during pregnancy due to their potential to harm both mother and baby through direct infection and complications.
- A case involving a 19-year-old pregnant woman with VZV symptoms was successfully treated with acyclovir, leading to a healthy delivery.
- It is crucial to investigate genital lesions for VZV in pregnant patients, especially those lacking immunity, to develop effective management and ensure safety for mother and baby during childbirth.
Sexually transmitted infections in pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes: A retrospective cohort study.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet
July 2024
Center for the AIDS Program of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.
Article Synopsis
- There is a high rate of asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among pregnant adolescent girls and young women in Africa, which is linked to pregnancy outcomes in HIV-affected regions.
- The study involved HIV-negative pregnant women in South Africa, who were tested for various STIs at the beginning and later stages of their pregnancy, with a focus on how these infections might affect their outcomes.
- Results showed that certain STIs like Mycoplasma genitalium and Trichomonas vaginalis were significantly associated with low birth weight and preterm births, suggesting a need for further research on STI testing and treatment during pregnancy.
Impact of Genital Infections and Antibiotic Use on Incidence of Preterm Birth: A Retrospective Observational Study.
Antibiotics (Basel)
March 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
This study investigates the complex interplay among genital infections, antibiotic usage, and preterm birth. This study aims to identify common genital pathogens associated with preterm births, assess the impact of various antibiotic treatments on pregnancy outcomes, and understand antibiotic resistance patterns among these pathogens. This study included 71 pregnant women who experienced preterm birth and 94 women with genital infections who delivered at term.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeroepidemiology of Herpes Simplex Viruses Type 1 and 2 in Pregnant Women in Croatia.
Medicina (Kaunas)
February 2024
Department of Virology, Croatian Institute of Public Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Article Synopsis
- Herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are common viral infections, and a study in Croatia aimed to assess their prevalence among pregnant women from 2011 to 2021, updating previous research from 2005-2010.
- The study tested 667 pregnant women for HSV antibodies, finding that 69.9% were positive for HSV-1 and only 3.8% for HSV-2, with an increase in HSV-2 prevalence linked to older age.
- Results indicate that HSV-1 remains stable among pregnant women, while HSV-2 prevalence has decreased; the research highlights the need for serological screening to identify at-risk women during pregnancy.
Herpes Simplex Virus: A Practical Guide to Diagnosis, Management, and Patient Counseling for the Primary Care Clinician.
Med Clin North Am
March 2024
533 Marion Street. Denver, CO 80218, USA.
Article Synopsis
- * Treatment options include episodic or suppressive therapy, which helps reduce the severity and duration of symptoms.
- * The infection significantly affects pregnancy and sexual health, making counseling on its management, transmission, and impact on partners essential.
Vertical mother-to-infant transmission of herpes simplex virus 2 is correlated with tropism due to mutations in viral UL13.
J Med Virol
January 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teikyo University Mizonokuchi Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- - The study examined cases of mother-to-infant transmission of herpes simplex virus (HSV-2) and found that neonatal herpes is rare despite common exposure, focusing on viral factors that contribute to this transmission
- - It was discovered that infant isolates had more temperature-independent characteristics and mutations in the viral UL13 protein kinase (UL13-PK) compared to maternal isolates, with a higher prevalence of these mutations occurring shortly after birth
- - Additionally, the research identified elongation factor 1-delta as a target of UL13-PK, suggesting that mutations in this protein are crucial for the virus's adaptation and successful transmission from mother to infant.
Increased Risk of Infertility in Women Infected with Human Papillomavirus.
J Reprod Infertil
January 2023
Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Article Synopsis
- Urogenital infections, particularly sexually transmitted infections (STIs), may affect fertility, but their exact impact is not well understood, prompting this study to investigate the frequency of STIs in cervical samples from both infertile and fertile women.
- The research involved collecting cervical samples from 95 women using a cytobrush, followed by PCR tests to identify bacterial and viral pathogens, with statistical analyses highlighting the differences between groups.
- Results showed a significant difference in HPV infection rates, with HPV-infected women having a higher likelihood of infertility, suggesting the importance of regular screenings for STIs in women of reproductive age, especially those struggling with infertility.
Randomized controlled phase IIa clinical trial of safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tenofovir and tenofovir plus levonorgestrel releasing intravaginal rings used by women in Kenya.
Front Reprod Health
June 2023
CONRAD, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, United States.
Article Synopsis
- Many young women globally experience the dual challenges of HIV and unintended pregnancies, highlighting the need for multipurpose prevention technologies.
- A study involving 312 healthy women aged 18-34 randomized participants to use either a tenofovir/levonorgestrel (TFV/LNG), TFV-only, or placebo intravaginal ring to assess safety and effectiveness.
- Results showed that both TFV IVR groups demonstrated significant increases in HIV inhibition in cervicovaginal fluid, with no serious adverse effects linked to the products, indicating their potential as safe prevention methods.
The Evaluation and Treatment of an Infant Exposed to Nongenital HSV-2: A Case Report.
Adv Neonatal Care
February 2024
Erlanger Health System, Chattanooga, Tennessee.
Article Synopsis
- Pregnant individuals with primary genital herpes can transmit the virus to their baby, leading to serious health issues, but the effects of nongenital HSV infections during pregnancy are not well understood.
- A case study involved a newborn delivered vaginally by a mother who had a nongenital HSV-2 outbreak shortly before giving birth, marking her first known infection.
- The newborn was closely monitored and tested, showing no signs of infection and being discharged healthy after five days; this highlights the need for more research on handling nongenital HSV in pregnant patients.
Seroprevalence and Vaginal Shedding of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 in Pregnant Adolescents and Young Women from Morelos, Mexico.
Viruses
May 2023
Center for Infectious Diseases Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico.
Article Synopsis
- * Young women (ages 18-24) had a higher HSV-2 seroprevalence (12.1%) compared to adolescents (4.3%), with frequent alcohol consumption also linked to a higher risk of infection.
- * Although vaginal HSV-2 shedding peaked in the third trimester, the difference wasn't statistically significant; nonetheless, this increases the risk of neonatal herpes from vertical transmission during pregnancy.
Contemporary Trends in Cesarean Delivery Rates and Indications.
Am J Perinatol
May 2024
Center for Women's Reproductive Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
Article Synopsis
- This study analyzed cesarean delivery rates and their reasons at a specific hospital between 2013 and 2018, focusing on the impact of updated guidelines from major medical organizations.
- Over the five years, out of nearly 25,000 births, 32.6% resulted in cesarean deliveries, with rates fluctuating but overall trending downward over time.
- For first-time mothers (nulliparous patients), cesarean rates also varied, with a notable decrease and eventual increase by 2018, while the reasons for cesareans showed little change except for cases of nonreassuring fetal status.
Polyphenylene carboxymethylene (PPCM), the active component of the topical contraceptive Yaso-GEL, exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against in preclinical studies.
Sex Transm Infect
August 2023
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Article Synopsis
- Polyphenylene carboxymethylene (PPCM) is a condensation polymer showing potential as a contraceptive and antimicrobial agent against various viruses, including HIV and gonorrhea, with a strong safety profile.
- The study evaluated PPCM's effectiveness using both in vitro tests and a mouse model, finding that a vaginal gel formulation (Yaso-GEL) containing PPCM successfully prevented gonorrhea infection in 100% of tested mice.
- The results suggest Yaso-GEL could be a cost-effective, non-hormonal solution for preventing both unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), highlighting the need for such products for women across different demographics.
Genital Herpes Infection: Progress and Problems.
Infect Dis Clin North Am
June 2023
Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 325 9th Avenue Box 359928, Seattle, WA 98104, USA.
Article Synopsis
- * The virus establishes a lifelong presence in the body, lying dormant in nerve cells, and can reactivate, causing symptoms or asymptomatic shedding that may spread the infection to others.
- * Treatment includes guanosine analogs to alleviate symptoms and reduce the frequency of outbreaks and transmission, with ongoing research into new preventive and therapeutic methods.
[Primary care management of sexually transmitted infections (I). Epidemiology. Secreting syndrome].
Aten Primaria
May 2023
Centro de Atención Primaria Florida Sud, Institut Català de la Salut, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España; Departament de Ciències Clíniques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Grupo de trabajo sobre VIH de la semFYC.
Article Synopsis
- * Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications, and current guidelines recommend annual STI screenings for at-risk populations.
- * Common syndromes caused by STIs include secretory syndrome (like urethritis) primarily from gonorrhea and Chlamydia, and effective empirical treatments involve medications like ceftriaxone and doxycycline, along with health education for prevention.
Serologic Screening for Genital Herpes Infection: US Preventive Services Task Force Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement.
JAMA
February 2023
Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
Article Synopsis
- Genital herpes is a lifelong sexually transmitted infection caused by HSV-1 and HSV-2, with no available cure; antiviral medications can help manage symptoms.
- The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) evaluated the evidence regarding routine screening for HSV-2 in asymptomatic individuals, reaffirming their recommendation from 2016.
- They concluded that the potential harms of routine screening in asymptomatic adolescents, adults, and pregnant persons exceed any benefits, leading to a recommendation against such screening.
Evaluation of Midwives' Practises on Herpetic Infections during Pregnancy: A French Vignette-Based Study.
Healthcare (Basel)
January 2023
French College of Midwives (Collège National des Sages-Femmes de France, CNSF), 75010 Paris, France.
Article Synopsis
- A significant number of pregnant women have a history of herpes, which poses risks for newborns, prompting a study on midwives' knowledge and practices regarding herpes management in France.* -
- An online survey revealed that only 26.1% of midwives were aware of the 2017 guidelines, with appropriate actions taken in 56.1% of recurrent cases and 95.1% during primary infections.* -
- Although most practices were compliant, there was a concerning lack of awareness about neonatal risks, highlighting the need for better dissemination of guidelines to improve care quality.*