Improvement of bone properties in children with osteogenesis imperfecta after pamidronate: a bone biopsy study.

OI, or bone brittle disease, is characterized by increased mineralization of bone matrix independently of clinical severity. So, a beneficial effect of antiresorptive treatments such as bisphosphonates (BP) is questionable. We aim to compare the bone matrix characteristics before and after BP pamidronate (PAM).

Deep Radiogenomics Sequencing for Breast Tumor Gene-Phenotype Decoding Using Dynamic Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Purpose: We aim to perform radiogenomic profiling of breast cancer tumors using dynamic contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) genes.

Methods: The dataset used in the current study consists of imaging data of 922 biopsy-confirmed invasive breast cancer patients with ER, PR, and HER2 gene mutation status. Breast MR images, including a T1-weighted pre-contrast sequence and three post-contrast sequences, were enrolled for analysis.

Transition to home after very preterm birth: improving outcomes of children and their families-a systematic review protocol.

Introduction: Medical progress has significantly improved the survival rates of very preterm-born infants in recent decades. Nevertheless, these infants are still at increased risk for long-term impairments as compared with term-born infants. While the homecoming of a preterm-born infant is long-awaited and brings relief to families, it also marks the end of intensive monitoring and highly specialised professional care.

Cerebral Protection in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery.

Cardiac surgery, both adult and pediatric, has developed very rapidly and impressively over the past 7 decades. Pediatric cardiac surgery, in particular, has revolutionized the management of babies born with congenital heart disease such that now most patients reach adult life and lead comfortable lives. However, these patients are at risk of cerebral lesions, which may be due to perioperative factors, such as side effects of cardiopulmonary bypass and/or anesthesia, and non-perioperative factors such as chromosomal anomalies (common in children with congenital heart disease), the timing of surgery, number of days on the intensive care unit, length of hospitalization and other hospitalizations in the first year of life.

Efficacy of extracorporeal photopheresis in the treatment of severe erosive lichen planus: a case series.

There are no good evidence-based recommendations for any systemic treatment of erosive lichen planus (ELP). Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) may be an effective therapy for recalcitrant forms of the disease. We report 3 patients with severe ELP treated with ECP.

Late re-engagement into HIV care among adults in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study.

Introduction: Little is known about the clinical status of persons with HIV (PWH) who re-engage in care after an interruption. We evaluated the immunological and clinical characteristics of individuals re-engaging in care within the Swiss HIV Cohort Study.

Methods: Participants who re-engaged in care after an interruption >14 months with a viral load ≥100 copies/mL were classified as having interrupted ART.

2D echocardiography video to 3D heart shape reconstruction for clinical application.

Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE) is a crucial tool for assessing cardiac morphology and function quickly and non-invasively without ionising radiation. However, the examination is subject to intra- and inter-user variability and recordings are often limited to 2D imaging and assessments of end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes. We have developed a novel, fully automated machine learning-based framework to generate a personalised 4D (3D plus time) model of the left ventricular (LV) blood pool with high temporal resolution.

Ultrasound-guided percutaneous release of the ulnar nerve at the elbow.

Introduction: Surgical treatment of ulnar tunnel syndrome is controversial, with no consensus on the ideal procedure. Nevertheless, in-situ decompression seems to provide faster recovery with less morbidity than neurolysis-transposition. The aim of this retrospective study was to validate a new percutaneous technique using ultrasonography.

Durable lymphocyte subset elimination upon a single dose of AAV-delivered depletion antibody dissects immune control of chronic viral infection.

To interrogate the role of specific immune cells in infection, cancer, and autoimmunity, immunologists commonly use monoclonal depletion antibodies (depletion-mAbs) or genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs). To generate a tool that combines specific advantages and avoids select drawbacks of the two methods, we engineered adeno-associated viral vectors expressing depletion mAbs (depletion-AAVs). Single-dose depletion-AAV administration durably eliminated lymphocyte subsets in mice and avoided accessory deficiencies of GEMMs, such as marginal zone defects in B cell-deficient animals.

Machine learning based radiomics model to predict radiotherapy induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer.

Purpose: Cardiotoxicity is one of the major concerns in breast cancer treatment, significantly affecting patient outcomes. To improve the likelihood of favorable outcomes for breast cancer survivors, it is essential to carefully balance the potential advantages of treatment methods with the risks of harm to healthy tissues, including the heart. There is currently a lack of comprehensive, data-driven evidence on effective risk stratification strategies.

Activity-Based Proteome Profiling of Serum Serine Hydrolases: Application in Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma.

Purpose: Traumatic brain injury (TBI), including pediatric abusive head trauma (AHT), is the leading cause of death and disability in children and young adults worldwide. The current understanding of trauma-induced molecular changes in the brain of human subjects with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) remains inadequate and requires further investigation to improve the outcome and management of TBI in the clinic. Calcium-mediated damage at the site of brain injury has been shown to activate several catalytic enzymes.

A Prospective Evaluation of Chemokine Receptor-4 (CXCR4) Overexpression in High-grade Glioma Using Ga-Pentixafor (Pars-Cixafor™) PET/CT Imaging.

Background: While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remains the gold standard for morphological imaging, its ability to differentiate between tumor tissue and treatment-induced changes on the cellular level is insufficient. Notably, glioma cells, particularly glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), demonstrate overexpression of chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4). This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of non-invasive Ga-Cixafor™ PET/CT as a tool to improve diagnostic accuracy in patients with high-grade glioma.

Radiographic Progression in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Clinical Remission or Low Disease Activity: Results from a Swiss National Registry (SCQM).

The therapeutic aim for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is to control disease activity and prevent radiographic progression. Various clinical scores are used to assess disease activity in RA patients. The DAS 28 score can define states of low disease activity (LDA) and remission.

Assessment of the available evidence for the use of 7-Tesla (T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in neurological and musculoskeletal disorders, with comparison to 3-T and 1.5-T MRI: A systematic scoping review.

Background: Ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at a field strength of 7 Tesla (T) has marked a significant milestone in diagnostic imaging since it was approved for clinical use in 2017. Despite the potential to improve image analysis by advances in signal-to-noise ratio, and improved spatial resolution and metabolic imaging, the clinical implementation of 7-T MRI remains limited. Factors that contribute to this limited availability are the high price, the operating costs, the need for specifically educated personnel, and lack of evidence of clinical benefit.

Validity evidence for a French version of the Stigma of Occupational Stress Scale for Doctors (SOSS-D).

Objectives: Physicians demonstrate low rates of help seeking for psychiatric disorders, occupational stress, and burnout due to perceived stigma. The Stigma of Occupational Stress Scale for Doctors (SOSS-D) is a brief standardized tool designed to measure stigma (personal, perceived other, and perceived structural) in physicians. The aim of this study was to gather validity evidence for a French version of the SOSS-D.

A comparison of real-world data on adjuvant treatment in patients with stage III BRAF V600 mutated melanoma - Results of systematic literature research.

Background: Over the past decade, PD-1-based immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and targeted therapies (TT) with BRAF and MEK inhibitors transformed melanoma treatment. Both are widely used in the adjuvant setting. However, for patients with a BRAF V600 mutation, the optimal adjuvant therapy remains unclear due to the lack of head-to-head comparison studies.

Cardiac metastasis from squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity: A rare case report.

A 58-year-old male with squamous cell carcinoma of the floor of mouth underwent surgical planning for tumor resection and floor of mouth reconstruction. Unexpectedly, preoperative cervico-thoracic computed tomography (CT) indicated possible right ventricular intramural thrombosis, prompting initiation of unfractionated heparin. Follow-up echocardiography revealed no thrombus reduction, raising concerns of intracardiac metastasis.

Treatment sequence with tebentafusp and immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with metastatic uveal melanoma and metastatic GNA11/GNAQ mutant melanocytic tumors.

Background: Metastatic uveal melanoma (mUM) is rare. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown modest efficacy in mUM. Tebentafusp prolonged overall survival (OS) in a phase 3 study.