Frailty in patients on dialysis.

Frailty is a condition that is frequently observed among patients undergoing dialysis. Frailty is characterized by a decline in both physiological state and cognitive state, leading to a combination of symptoms, such as weight loss, exhaustion, low physical activity level, weakness, and slow walking speed. Frail patients not only experience a poor quality of life, but also are at higher risk of hospitalization, infection, cardiovascular events, dialysis-associated complications, and death.

SPOCK1 silencing decreases 5-FU resistance through PRRX1 in colorectal cancer.

SPOCK1 is an extracellular proteoglycan and involved in tumor growth and metastasis in various cancers. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is commonly used for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) in patients who receive concurrent chemoradiotherapy. However, the relationship between development of resistance to 5-FU and SPOCK1 remain unclear.

Effect of Microvascular Decompression of the Vagus Root Entry/Exit Zone on Blood Pressure in Patients with Hemifacial Spasm Associated with Essential Hypertension: A Retrospective Clinical Analysis.

 This study aimed to evaluate blood pressure alterations after microvascular decompression (MVD) surgery in patients with hemifacial spasm (HFS) with coexisting hypertension (HTN).  A total of 56 patients with HFS with concurrent HTN who underwent MVD surgery in our center between 2015 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into control and experimental groups: patients who received MVD treatment for only the facial nerve and those who received MVD for the affected facial nerve, ipsilateral vagus nerve, and adjacent ventrolateral medulla, respectively.

4-Octyl itaconate (4-OI) attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by suppressing PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathways in mice.

The progression of acute lung injury (ALI) is attributable to inflammation and oxidative stress. The cell-permeable itaconate analog 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI) provides protection against inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. However, whether 4-OI can protect against ALI remains poorly understood.

Intravenous lipid emulsion modifies synaptic transmission in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons after bupivacaine-induced central nervous system toxicity.

Local anesthetics can cause severe toxicity when absorbed systemically. Rapid intravenous administration of lipid emulsion (LE) is the standard of care for severe local anesthetic systemic toxicity which can cause cardiovascular and central nervous system (CNS) injury. The biological mechanism by which LE alleviates CNS toxicity remains unknown and understudied.

Lipid emulsion reverses bupivacaine-induced apoptosis of h9c2 cardiomyocytes: PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway.

Some findings have suggested that the rescue of bupivacaine (BPV)-induced cardiotoxicity by lipid emulsion (LE) is associated with inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). However, the mechanism of this rescue action is not clearly known. In this study, the roles of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) in the molecular mechanism of LE-induced protection and its relationship with mPTP were explored.

ED50 and recovery times after propofol in rats with graded cirrhosis.

Background: Patients with end-stage liver disease have increased sensitivity to general anesthetics. In this study, we sought to quantify sensitivity to propofol as a function of the degree of liver disease, in a rat model of cirrhosis.

Methods: Liver disease was induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) injections for 6, 9, or 12 weeks in 3 study groups.