Predictors of seizure recurrence in patients with surgery for focal cortical dysplasia: pairwise and network meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.

Object: The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of seizure recurrence in surgery for focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) by conducting a meta-analysis.

Methods: Publications that met the pre-stated inclusion criteria were selected from PubMed and CNKI databases. Two authors extracted data independently about prognostic factors, surgical outcome, and clinical characteristics of participants.

The Nogo receptor inhibits proliferation, migration and axonal extension by transcriptionally regulating WNK1 in PC12 cells.

Neuronal regeneration and axonal regrowth mechanisms in the injured mammalian central nervous system are largely unknown. As part of a major pathway for inhibiting axonal regeneration, activated neuronal glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored Nogo receptor (NgR) interacts with LINGO-1 and p75NTR to form a complex at the cell surface. However, it was found in our previous report that upregulation of NgR stimulated by injury plays a key role in neuronal regeneration in the neonatal cortex freeze-lesion model, but its downstream signalling remains elusive.

Elevated Expression of TRPC4 in Cortical Lesions of Focal Cortical Dysplasia II and Tuberous Sclerosis Complex.

Focal cortical dysplasia type II (FCD II) and tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) are well-known causes of chronic refractory epilepsy in children. Canonical transient receptor potential channels (TRPCs) are non-selective cation channels that are commonly activated by phospholipase C (PLC) stimulation. Previous studies found that TRPC4 may participate in the process of epileptogenesis.

Expression of pannexin 1 and 2 in cortical lesions from intractable epilepsy patients with focal cortical dysplasia.

Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a major cause of intractable epilepsy in children however the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of FCD and FCD induced epilepsy remain unclear. Increasing evidence suggests that the large-pore ion channels, pannexin 1 (Panx1) and 2 (Panx2), are involved in epilepsy and brain development. In this study, we investigated the expression of Panx1 and Panx2 in surgical samples from patients with FCD type Ia (FCDIa), type IIa (FCDIIa), and type IIb (FCDIIb) and in age-matched autopsy control samples.

Activation of LILRB2 signal pathway in temporal lobe epilepsy patients and in a pilocarpine induced epilepsy model.

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a frequent form of focal intractable epilepsy in adults, but the specific mechanism underlying the epileptogenesis of TLE is still unknown. Human leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B2 (LILRB2) (the murine homolog gene called paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B, or PirB), participates in the process of synaptic plasticity and neurite growth in the central nervous system (CNS), suggesting a potential role of LILRB2 in epilepsy. However, the expression pattern of LILRB2 and the downstream molecular signal in intractable TLE remains poorly understood.

Upregulated expression of Nogo-A and NgR in an experimental model of focal microgyria regulates the migration, proliferation and self-renewal of subventricular zone neural progenitors.

Nogo-A and its receptor (NgR) were first described as myelin-associated inhibitors of neuronal regeneration in response to injury. In recent years, knowledge about the important role of the Nogo-A protein in several neuronal pathologies has grown considerably. Here, we employed a neonatal cortex freeze-lesion (NFL) model in neonatal rats and measured the expression of Nogo-A and NgR in the resulting cerebrocortical microdysgenesis 5-75 days after freezing injury.

Conservative management of cesarean scar pregnancies: a prospective randomized controlled trial at a single center.

Purpose: To assess clinical outcomes related to conservative management of women with cesarean scar pregnancies (CSPs), specifically through uterine artery embolization (UAE) with local and systemic methotrexate (MTX) treatment (UAE-MTX), or ultrasound-guided local and systemic MTX treatment (USG-MTX).

Methods: Forty-five patients with CSP were randomly allocated to receive UAE-MTX (n = 24) or USG-MTX (n = 21). Participants' clinical outcomes were compared, and clinical characteristics of failed cases were evaluated relative to successful cases.

Genetic predisposition of stroke: understanding the evolving landscape through meta-analysis.

Stroke, either ischemic or hemorrhagic, is the leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide. Identifying the risk factors is a prerequisite step for stroke prevention and treatment. It is believed that a major portion of the currently unidentified risk factors is of genetic origin.

Upregulation of HIF-1α protein induces mitochondrial autophagy in primary cortical cell cultures through the inhibition of the mTOR pathway.

Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) can induce neuronal death, particularly in the hippocampal formation (HF). Molecular genetic studies have suggested that the activities of the transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), are closely linked to ischemia-induced neuronal death. However, the mechanisms through which HIF-1α functions remain poorly understood.

Aerobic exercise for Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Although some trials assessed the effectiveness of aerobic exercise for Parkinson's disease (PD), the role of aerobic exercise in the management of PD remained controversial.

Objective: The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the evidence about whether aerobic exercise is effective for PD.

Methods: Seven electronic databases, up to December 2013, were searched to identify relevant studies.

Endogenous subventricular zone neural progenitors contribute to the formation and hyperexcitability of experimental model of focal microgyria.

Microgyria is associated with epilepsy and due to developmental disruption of neuronal migration. However, the role of endogenous subventricular zone-derived neural progenitors (SDNPs) in formation and hyperexcitability has not been fully elucidated. Here, we establish a neonatal cortex freeze-lesion (FL) model, which was considered as a model for focal microgyria, and simultaneously label SDNPs by CM-DiI.