Combined Ribociclib and NU7026 administration enhances radio-sensitivity by inhibiting DNA repair in prostate cancer.

Radiosensitivity is critical for clinical outcomes and overall survival of prostate cancer patients treated with irradiation. Ribociclib and NU7026 have been reported as radiosensitizers in cancer cells, but which are inadequately understood in prostate cancer cells. The present study was performed to investigate the effects of ribociclib, NU7026, and their combination on the radiosensitivity of prostate cancer cells.

Regulatory role and molecular mechanism of METTL14 in vascular endothelial cell injury in preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-related disease characterized by vascular endothelial cell injury. This study aimed to investigate the role of methyltransferase-like protein 14 (METTL14) in vascular endothelial cell injury in PE. The PE cell model was established by treating human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in vitro.

Clinicopathologic and prognostic characteristics of tumor budding-like in giant cell tumor of bone.

Background: Currently, tumor budding (TB) is defined as an important factor for a poor prognosis in various types of cancers. The authors identified a significant presence of TB-like structures at the tumor invasive front in giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB), which may have the same biologic function as TB. The objective of this report was to describe the distribution of TB in GCTB and investigate its correlation with clinicopathologic characteristics, the immune microenvironment, survival prognosis, and response to denosumab treatment.

Hypoxic Upregulation of IER2 Increases Paracrine GMFG Signaling of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-CAF to Promote Chordoma Progression via Targeting ITGB1.

Currently, the oncogenic mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum stress-CAF (ERS-CAF) subpopulation in chordoma remains unknown. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler, data-independent acquisition proteomics, bulk RNA-seq, and multiplexed quantitative immunofluorescence are used to unveil the precise molecular mechanism of how ERS-CAF affected chordoma progression. Results show that hypoxic microenvironment reprograms CAFs into ERS-CAF subtype.

Lymphocyte Infiltration Score and Spatial Characteristics Refined the Prognosis and Denosumab Treatment Responsiveness Indicators for Giant Cell Tumor of Bone.

Purpose: The prognostic value of lymphocyte infiltration score (LIS) and its nearest neighbor distance to tumor cells (NNDTC) in giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is currently not well established. This study aims to characterize LIS and NNDTC and examine their correlation with denosumab treatment responsiveness, clinicopathologic features, and patient prognosis.

Methods: Using multiplexed quantitative immunofluorescence, LIS was evaluated in 253 tumor specimens, whereas NNDTC was computed using HALO software.

Complex immune microenvironment of chordoma: a road map for future treatment.

Background: Chordoma, a rare bone tumor, presents limited treatment options and patients typically exhibit poor survival outcomes. While immunotherapy has shown promising results in treating various tumors, research on the immune microenvironment of chordomas is still in its early stages. Therefore, understanding how the immune microenvironment of chordomas influences the outcomes of immunotherapy is crucial.

Nur77 induced by HIF-1α mediates vascular remodeling in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.

Nur77 is a member of the NR4A subfamily of orphan nuclear receptors that is expressed and has a function within the immune system. This study aimed to investigate the role of Nur77 in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. SPF male SD rats were exposed in hypobaric chamber simulating 5000 m high altitude for 0, 3, 7, 14, 21 or 28 days.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the MIF/ACKR3 receptor-ligand interaction between neutrophils and nucleus pulposus cells in intervertebral disc degeneration.

Objectives: To unravel the heterogeneity and function of microenvironmental neutrophils during intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD).

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was utilized to dissect the cellular landscape of neutrophils in intervertebral disc (IVD) tissues and their crosstalk with nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). The expression levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and ACKR3 in IVD tissues were detected.

The efficacy of a device-based approach to microorganism disinfection and protein removal for orthokeratology lenses in varied clinical circumstances.

Purpose: RigidCare is an electrolysis-based device that recently obtained approval from the US's FDA to sterilise microorganisms and remove proteins for orthokeratology (O-K) lenses. The study was conducted to investigate the device's performance in varied clinical circumstances.

Methods: Trial lenses and private lenses were employed by O-K lens wearers from five hospitals for an evaluation of disinfection and sterilisation and an assessment of protein removal, respectively.

Global cluster analysis and network visualization in cancer-associated fibroblast: insights from Web of Science database from 1999 to 2021.

Background: A scientific and comprehensive analysis of the current status and trends in the field of cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) research is worth investigating. This study aims to investigate and visualize the development, research frontiers, and future trends in CAFs both quantitatively and qualitatively based on a bibliometric approach.

Methods: A total of 5518 publications were downloaded from the Science Citation Index Expanded of Web of Science Core Collection from 1999 to 2021 and identified for bibliometric analysis.

Brusatol enhances MEF2A expression to inhibit RCC progression through the Wnt signalling pathway in renal cell carcinoma.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most aggressive subtype of kidney tumour with a poor prognosis and an increasing incidence rate worldwide. Brusatol, an essential active ingredient derived from Brucea javanica, exhibits potent antitumour properties. Our study aims to explore a novel treatment strategy for RCC patients.

Cir-DNA Sequencing Revealed the Landscape of Extrachromosomal Circular DNA in Articular Cartilage and the Potential Roles in Osteoarthritis.

Objective: Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) has been shown to be involved in several physiological and pathological processes including immunity, inflammation, aging, and tumor. However, the expression of eccDNA in cartilage has not been reported until now. In this study, we aimed to investigate the landscape of eccDNA in articular cartilage and analyze the potential roles in osteoarthritis (OA).

CERCAM is a prognostic biomarker associated with immune infiltration of macrophage M2 polarization in head and neck squamous carcinoma.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relevance of cerebral endothelial cell adhesion molecule (CERCAM) expression to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) prognosis and immune infiltration by macrophage M2 polarization.

Methods: Timer, UALCAN and HPA databases was used to analyze the differences in mRNA and protein levels of CERCAM expression in HNSCC. The Timer database was also applied to analyze the correlation between CERCAM in HNSCC and immune infiltration.

Integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals endoplasmic reticulum stress-related CAF subpopulations associated with chordoma progression.

Background: With cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) as the main cell type, the rich myxoid stromal components in chordoma tissues may likely contribute to its development and progression.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), spatial transcriptomics, bulk RNA-seq, and multiplexed quantitative immunofluorescence (QIF) were used to dissect the heterogeneity, spatial distribution, and clinical implication of CAFs in chordoma.

Results: We sequenced here 72 097 single cells from 3 primary and 3 recurrent tumor samples, as well as 3 nucleus pulposus samples as controls using scRNA-seq.

Deep neuromuscular block attenuates intra-abdominal pressure and inflammation and improves post-operative cognition in prostate cancer patients following robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy.

Background: Whether neuromuscular block (NMB) affects Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) and cognition in Prostate cancer (PC) patients with Robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALRP) remains unclear. Here we aimed to compare the effects of deep and moderate NMB on the IAP, inflammation, and cognition.

Methods: The Moderate neuromuscular block (MNMB) group (N = 44) and Deep neuromuscular block (DNMB) group (N = 47) were recruited.

ChatGPT encounters multiple opportunities and challenges in neurosurgery.

Background: ChatGPT, powered by the GPT model and Transformer architecture, has demonstrated remarkable performance in the domains of medicine and healthcare, providing customized and informative responses. In our study, we investigated the potential of ChatGPT in the field of neurosurgery, focusing on its applications at the patient, neurosurgery student/resident, and neurosurgeon levels.

Method: The authors conducted inquiries with ChatGPT from the viewpoints of patients, neurosurgery students/residents, and neurosurgeons, covering a range of topics, such as disease diagnosis, treatment options, prognosis, rehabilitation, and patient care.

Clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors in axial chondroblastomas: a retrospective analysis of 61 cases and comparison with extra-axial chondroblastomas.

Background: A comprehensive understanding of the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors associated with axial chondroblastoma (ACB) is still lacking. This study aimed to understand the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of axial chondroblastoma (ACB) and compare them with extra-axial chondroblastoma (EACB).

Methods: A retrospective review of our institution's local database was conducted, encompassing a total of 132 CB patients, of which 61 were diagnosed with ACB and 71 with EACB.

Exosome Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Cell Exerts Immunomodulatory Effects on B Cells from SLE Patients.

Background: Excessive proliferation and activation of B cells, resulting in the production of various autoantibodies, is a crucial link and significant feature of the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), as well as the pathological basis of systemic multiorgan damage. However, whether exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSCs-Exo) are involved in the immune regulation of SLE has not been clarified.

Objectives: Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the efficacy of hucMSCs-Exo for treating SLE.

Autophagy in the pathogenesis and therapeutic potential of post-traumatic osteoarthritis.

Autophagy, as a fundamental mechanism for cellular homeostasis, is generally involved in the occurrence and progression of various diseases. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common musculoskeletal disease that often leads to pain, disability and economic loss in patients. Post-traumatic OA (PTOA) is a subtype of OA, accounting for >12% of the overall burden of OA.