Effect of Health Literacy on Antiviral Treatment of Hepatitis B: Instrumental Variable Analysis.

Background: China is a country with a high burden of hepatitis B (Hep B) but a low treatment rate. One of the key reasons for the low treatment rate is the inadequate health literacy (HL) of the people, which may affect the awareness and knowledge of Hep B and its treatment, as well as the ability to actively and correctly seek medical resources.

Objective: This study analyzed how HL contributed to the scale-up of antiviral treatment of Hep B in China.

Long-Term Clinical and Economic Effects of Switching to Once-Weekly Semaglutide from Other GLP-1 RAs Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in China: A Modeling Projection Study.

Introduction: Previous studies, using clinical trial data, demonstrated that once-weekly (OW) semaglutide is dominant versus other glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in China. This study aims to evaluate the long-term clinical and economic effects of switching to OW semaglutide from other GLP-1 RAs among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in China.

Methods: The Institute of Health Economics Diabetes Cohort Model (IHE-DCM) was used to project life expectancy, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and total direct medical cost over 40 years from a Chinese healthcare system perspective.

The diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined with clinicopathological features in microinvasive ductal carcinoma .

Background: Ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion (DCISM) represents 1% of all breast cancer cases and is arguably a more aggressive subtype of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Preoperative evaluation of DCISM usually relies on core needle biopsy, and non-invasive evaluation methods are relatively limited. This study aims to explore the features of conventional ultrasound (US) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in DCISM and to analyze the US and clinicopathological predictors of infiltrating components.

Comparison of Synapse 3D system (Version 4.4) and DirectPath system (Version 2.0) in virtual bronchoscopic navigation application for peripheral pulmonary nodules.

Background: Differences between virtual bronchoscopic navigation (VBN) systems and their impacts on the diagnostic yield of transbronchial biopsy (TBB) of peripheral pulmonary nodules (PPNs) remain unclear.

Objectives: To compare the Synapse 3D system (Version 4.4, Fujifilm, Japan) and DirectPath system (Version 2.

The mediating effect of psychosomatic symptoms between physical activity and cognitive function among breast cancer patients: A path analysis.

Purpose: Psychosomatic symptoms are frequently observed side effects in breast cancer (BC) patients and significantly influence cognitive function. However, limited research has addressed the role of psychosomatic symptoms in the relationship between physical activity and cognitive function. This study aimed to examine the mediating effect of psychosomatic symptoms on the relationship between physical activity and cognitive function in BC patients.

Multifunctional peptide-drug conjugate CORM-401@R9: A novel approach to combat oxidative stress in cataracts.

Cataracts, the leading cause of blindness globally, are primarily driven by oxidative stress and protein aggregation in the lens. Effective pharmacological treatments for cataracts are still elusive. This study developed a novel multifunctional peptide-drug conjugate, CORM-401@R9 (CO-R9), which activates in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and releases carbon monoxide (CO).

Increased perfluorooctanoic acid accumulation facilitates the migration and invasion of lung cancer cells via remodeling cell mechanics.

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely used in industrial and household products, raising serious concerns due to their environmental persistence and mobility. Epidemiological studies have reported potential carcinogenic risks of PFAS based on their widespread occurrence and population exposure. In this study, we observed that perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a common PFAS, functions as a mechanical regulator in lung cancer cells.

π-HuB: the proteomic navigator of the human body.

The human body contains trillions of cells, classified into specific cell types, with diverse morphologies and functions. In addition, cells of the same type can assume different states within an individual's body during their lifetime. Understanding the complexities of the proteome in the context of a human organism and its many potential states is a necessary requirement to understanding human biology, but these complexities can neither be predicted from the genome, nor have they been systematically measurable with available technologies.

Exploring the multifaceted challenges of gastrointestinal metastases in lung adenocarcinoma: a case report highlighting diagnostic dilemmas and therapeutic innovations.

Background: Lung cancer, the primary cause of cancer-related deaths, often metastasizes early, commonly affecting the liver, brain, bones, and adrenal glands. Although gastrointestinal (GI) metastasis is rare, it poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges and is frequently linked to severe complications.

Case Description: We present a case of a 61-year-old male with a history of lung cancer who presented with intestinal obstruction.

The diagnostic efficacy of seven autoantibodies in early detection of ground-glass nodular lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Persistent ground-glass nodules (GGNs) carry a potential risk of malignancy, however, early diagnosis remained challenging. This study aimed to investigate the cut-off values of seven autoantibodies in patients with ground-glass nodules smaller than 3cm, and to construct machine learning models to assess the diagnostic value of these autoantibodies.

Methods: In this multi-center retrospective study, we collected peripheral blood specimens from a total of 698 patients.

Vertebral Column Decancellation for Correcting Cervicothoracic Kyphotic Deformity in Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis.

Objective: Surgery to correct the cervicothoracic kyphotic deformity in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) can be associated with serious neurovascular risks. According to the literature, there are no clinical reports documenting the use of vertebral column decancellation (VCD) in the treatment of cervicothoracic kyphotic deformity in patients with AS. The purpose of the present study was to retrospectively analyze and evaluate the effect of VCD on cervicothoracic kyphotic deformity in patients with AS.

Miltefosine reinvigorates exhausted T cells by targeting their bioenergetic state.

T cell exhaustion presents a major challenge for the efficacy of both immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICBs) and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell immunotherapies. To address this issue, we generate hypofunctional CAR-T cells that imitate the exhaustion state. By screening a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved small molecule library using this model, we identify miltefosine as a potent molecule that restores the impaired function of CAR-T cells in a PD-1/PD-L1-independent manner.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel β-carbolines as antitumor agents via targeting autophagy in colorectal cancer.

A series of novel β-carbolines with a flexible amino side chain at positions 1 and 3, respectively, were designed, synthesized and evaluated as potential antitumor agents. The results revealed that most of the compounds exhibited a broad spectrum of antiproliferative activity with IC value lower than 20 μM against human tumor cell lines. Among them, compound 2f was the most potent antiproliferative agent with IC value below 5.

Optimal lead time for treatment of infantile epileptic spasms syndrome-a secondary data analysis.

Background: Infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) is a common epileptic syndrome in infancy. Current first-line treatments include adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), corticosteroids and vigabatrin, with early control of epileptic spasms potentially benefiting long-term outcomes, such as improved psychomotor development. Early treatment, which means the prompt use of first-line treatments, is crucial for achieving an initial response in IESS.

The harmful effect of ankylosing spondylitis on diabetes mellitus: new evidence from the Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: While observational research has highlighted a possible link between ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), the quality of evidence remains limited, and the causal relationship is yet to be established. This study aims to explore the causal link between AS and T2DM, as well as its impact on traits related to glucose metabolism.

Method: To infer a causal relationship between AS and various diabetes-related traits, including type 1 diabetes (T1DM), T2DM, blood glucose levels, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and fasting insulin, we employed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Relation of Reproductive Lifespan with Obesity in Chinese Women: Results from a Large Representative Nationwide Population.

Research on the association between age at menarche and menopause, reproductive lifespan, and the risk of obesity in China is unclear and requires further clarification. Data were obtained from the China Hypertension Survey, a cross-sectional study using a stratified multistage random sampling method, conducted from October 2012 to December 2016, with a total of 187,162 women included in the analysis. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic spines were used to estimate the relationship between obesity and age at menarche, age at menopause, and reproductive lifespan.

[Clinicopathological and molecular genetic features of POLE-mutated endometrioid carcinoma].

To investigate the clinicopathological and molecular genetic features of POLE mutant endometrioid carcinoma. Genetic test data of 230 cases of endometrial carcinoma that underwent surgical resection and molecular typing by next generation sequencing in the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2021 to June 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Seventeen cases of endometrioid carcinoma with POLE mutation were selected.

Ultrasound-guided suction using negative pressure, curettage, and percutaneous drainage to treat rectus sheath hematoma.

Background: This study aimed to introduce and evaluate a new treatment method for rectus sheath hematoma: ultrasound-guided suction using negative pressure, curettage, and percutaneous drainage.

Methods: This retrospective study involved five patients with rectus sheath hematoma rectus sheath hematoma who had cesarean sections. For all patients, ultrasound revealed that the maximum diameter of their hematoma exceeded 70 mm.

Focal liver lesions: multiparametric microvasculature characterization via super-resolution ultrasound imaging.

Background: Noninvasive and functional imaging of the focal liver lesion (FLL) vasculature at microscopic scales is clinically challenging. We investigated the feasibility of using super-resolution ultrasound (SR-US) imaging for visualizing and quantifying the microvasculature of intraparenchymal FLLs.

Methods: Patients with FLLs between June 2022 and February 2023 were prospectively screened.