Recent advances in nanotherapy-based treatment of epilepsy.

Epilepsy is a complex neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures affecting millions of people worldwide. Despite advances in drug therapy, a significant proportion of patients remain resistant to conventional antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) due to challenges such as impermeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), multidrug resistance, and multifaceted epileptogenesis. Nanotechnology offers promising strategies to overcome these barriers by enhancing drug delivery across the BBB, improving target specificity and minimizing systemic side effects.

The efficacy of remote ischemic conditioning for outcomes in ischemic stroke patients with or without prior stroke: A post hoc analysis of the RICAMIS trial.

Background And Purpose: To investigate the impact of a history of ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) on the effectiveness of remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) for outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients.

Methods: We conducted a post hoc analysis of the Remote Ischaemic Conditioning for Acute Moderate Ischaemic Stroke (RICAMIS) trial. Patients in RICAMIS were categorized into two groups according to a history of stroke.

Emerging advances in drug delivery systems (DDSs) for optimizing cancer complications.

The management and treatment of tumor complications pose continuous challenges due to the inherent complexity. However, the advent of drug delivery systems (DDSs) brings promising opportunities to address the tumor complications using innovative technological approaches. This review focuses on common oncological complications, including cancer thrombosis, malignant serous effusion, tumor-associated infections, cancer pain, and treatment-related complications.

Impact of thrombocytopenia on failure of endoscopic variceal treatment in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding.

Background: Acute variceal bleeding (AVB), a life-threatening complication of liver cirrhosis, can be effectively treated by endoscopy, but there is a risk of early rebleeding after endoscopic variceal treatment (EVT). Thrombocytopenia is the most common hemostatic abnormality in liver cirrhosis. However, it is still unclear about whether thrombocytopenia increases the failure of EVT in cirrhotic patients with AVB.

Positive association between advanced lung cancer inflammation index and gallstones, with greater impact on women: a cross-sectional study of the NHANES database.

Background: Previous studies have shown that inflammation is crucial in gallstone formation. The Advanced Lung Cancer Inflammation Index (ALI) is a comprehensive measure that reflects inflammation and nutritional condition. However, there are no studies examining the relationship between ALI and gallstones.

Risk factors for noncontiguous spinal fractures among elderly patients presenting with traumatic spinal fractures: a retrospective case‒control study.

Objective: Risk factors for noncontiguous spinal fractures (NSFs), which are important for early, timely diagnoses and treatments of elderly individuals with traumatic spinal fractures, have not been discussed in depth. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the risk factors for noncontiguous spinal fractures (NSFs).

Methods: The records of 1,415 elderly patients (aged 60 years and over) who presented with TSFs between 2013 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed.

A network meta-analysis comparing treatment modalities of short and long implants in the posterior maxilla with insufficient bone height.

Objective: Based on the critical role of implant length and placement timing in treatment success, this study aimed to compare clinical outcomes (implant failure, marginal bone loss, biological and mechanical complications) between short implants (4-8 mm) versus long implants (≥ 8 mm) with sinus floor elevation, and between delayed versus immediate placement of long implants in the posterior maxilla.

Methods: This network meta-analysis was prospectively registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42023495027). Adhering to PRISMA-NMA guidelines, we systematically reviewed eligible studies from January 2014 to November 2024 was conducted across major databases, such as the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science.

Triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and major adverse cardiovascular events in ACS patients undergoing PCI.

The triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio has been consistently linked with the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Nevertheless, there is a paucity of studies focusing on acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or experiencing bleeding events. The study encompassed 17,643 ACS participants who underwent PCI.

Single-cell RNA sequencing identifies the expression of hemoglobin in chondrocyte cell subpopulations in osteoarthritis.

In recent years, chondrocytes have been found to contain hemoglobin, which might be an alternative strategy for adapting to the hypoxic environment, while the potential mechanisms of that is still unclear. Here, we report the expression characteristics and potential associated pathways of hemoglobin in chondrocytes using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). We downloaded data of normal people and patients with osteoarthritis (OA) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and cells are unbiased clustered based on gene expression pattern.

Three-dimensional printing-guided percutaneous transcatheter replacement in coarctation of the aorta: a retrospective study.

Background: To evaluate the feasibility, effectiveness and assistant effect of 3D printed aortic model in the treatment on congenital coarctation of the aorta (CoA) in adolescents and adults.

Methods: From December 2018 to December 2023, a total of 10 patients with congenital coarctation of aorta underwent percutaneous balloon dilatation covered stent implantation in the department of cardiovascular surgery, Xijing Hospital. There were 6 males and 4 females whose average age was (27.

Assessment of dermal safety of petroleum ether extract from L.

(), known for its aromatic leaves and rhizomes, is extensively used in traditional medicine to treat digestive issues, inflammation, pain, anxiety, and stress. The petroleum ether extract of isolates specific bioactive compounds using petroleum ether, a nonpolar solvent effective in dissolving nonpolar plant compounds. This extract potentially offers antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic benefits.

Postoperative unexplained sigmoid stenosis in a patient with rectal cancer complicated with connective tissue disease: a case report and literature review.

It is well established that host immunity plays a critical role in defending against colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. Connective tissue disease (CTD) encompasses a group of heterogeneous, immune-mediated disorders that present with diverse and often non-specific initial symptoms. Raynaud's phenomenon is a common feature, complicating early diagnosis.

Arrival-Time Parametric Imaging in Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for Thyroid Nodule Differentiation.

BACKGROUND Solitary thyroid nodules present a challenge in differentiating between benign and malignant conditions using ultrasound (US). Arrival time parameter imaging (At-PI) following contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) can effectively visualize the vascular architectural patterns of the nodules, providing valuable diagnostic information. This study aimed to explore the application value of At-PI in differentiating thyroid nodules, specifically focusing on a sample of 127 cases.

Inflammasomes and idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are a group of systemic autoimmune diseases characterized by muscle weakness and elevated serum creatine kinase levels. Recent research has highlighted the role of the innate immune system, particularly inflammasomes, in the pathogenesis of IIM. This review focuses on the role of inflammasomes, specifically NLRP3 and AIM2, and their associated proteins in the development of IIM.

Discovery of novel oxindole derivatives as TRPA1 antagonists with potent analgesic activity for pain treatment.

Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is a non-selective cation channel involved in detecting harmful stimuli and endogenous ligands, primarily expressed in sensory neurons. Due to its role in pain and itch, TRPA1 is a potential drug target. We identified an oxindole core structure via high-throughput screening, modified it, and tested the modified compounds in vitro and in vivo.

Global, regional, and national burden of pancreatic cancer from 1990 to 2021, with projections for 25 years: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

This study examines the global burden of pancreatic cancer from 1990 to 2021 and projects future trends, aiming to provide insights for health policy and resource allocation to mitigate the disease's impact. We assessed the pancreatic cancer burden globally and by subgroups, employing linear regression models to analyze trends from 1990 to 2021. Cluster analysis was used to evaluate burden patterns across Global Burden of Disease regions.

Intra-arterial cocktail therapy for patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion who achieved endovascular reperfusion.

Background: Clinically ineffective reperfusion (CIR) refers to the discrepancy between successful reperfusion and a favorable functional outcome in patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke after endovascular treatment (EVT). The Improving Neuroprotective Strategy for Ischemic Stroke with Sufficient Recanalization after Thrombectomy by Intra-arterial Cocktail Therapy (INSIST-CT) trial aimed to explore the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of intra-arterial cocktail therapy using argatroban, dexamethasone, and edaravone in patients who achieved sufficient reperfusion after EVT.

Methods: In this prospective, single-arm, pilot study, eligible patients with anterior circulation LVO who achieved sufficient reperfusion after EVT were enrolled in the INSIST-CT trial.

Modifiable Risk Factors for Breast Cancer: Insights From Systematic Reviews.

Objective: To conduct a comprehensive review of reversible factors associated with breast cancer, with the aim of offering insights for the creation of early intervention strategies for breast cancer prevention.

Methods: The PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases were systematically searched to collect systematic reviews and meta-analyses related to breast cancer risk. Searches were limited to literature published from the inception of each database up to May 1, 2024.

The potential impact of inflammation on the lipid paradox in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a multicenter study.

Background: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a well-recognized risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, several clinical studies demonstrated an inverse association between LDL-C and mortality risk in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), known as the lipid paradox. This study aims to investigate the potential impact of inflammation on the association between LDL-C levels and mortality risks.

Knowledge mapping and emerging trends in cognitive impairment associated with chronic pain: A 2000-2024 bibliometric study.

Chronic pain is commonly recognized as a distressing symptom or a standalone disease, with over half of those affected experiencing cognitive impairment, which significantly impacts their quality of life. Despite a recent surge in literature on cognitive impairment associated with chronic pain, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis in this field has yet to be conducted. In this study, we performed a bibliometric analysis on this topic.

Mechanistic insights into sevoflurane-induced hippocampal neuronal damage and cognitive dysfunction through the NEAT1/Nrf2 signaling axis in aged rats.

The use of anesthetics during surgery can cause severe neurological damage and cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients. However, this health issue currently lacks corresponding therapeutic strategies. This research involved the utilization of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and transcriptomic assessment to pinpoint crucial cell classifications and molecular pathways, as well as the lncRNA expression profiles, that undergo substantial alterations in aged rats experiencing sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment.

Reduced-dose of bivalirudin (without the post-procedure infusion) in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention.

Introduction: In clinical practice, the dose of bivalirudin may not be fully applicable to the Chinese population. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of a reduced dose (80% of the recommended dose) of bivalirudin without post-procedure infusion for 3-4 h in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective study.

TMT-based proteomic analysis of radiation lung injury in rats.

Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a common adverse effect of radiation therapy that negatively affects treatment progression and the quality of life of patients. Identifying biomarkers for RILI can provide reference for the prevention and treatment of RILI in clinical practice. In this study, to explore key proteins related to RILI, we constructed a rat model of RILI and analyzed RILI tissues and normal lung tissues using tandem mass spectrometry labeling and quantitative proteomics technology.

[Evidence map of clinical studies about treatment of hyperlipidemia with Chinese patent medicines in recent ten years].

Evidence mapping was performed to review the clinical trials and systematic reviews about the treatment of hyperlipidemia with Chinese patent medicines in recent ten years. A total of 387 clinical studies and 18 systematic reviews/Meta-analysis involving 45 Chinese patent medicines commonly used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia in recent ten years were retrieved from Chinese and English academic publication databases. The article information was extracted by reading the abstract and full text, and the evidence of publication trend, combined medication, intervention course, complications, and outcome indicators was sorted out.