Tegaserod maleate exerts anti-tumor effects on prostate cancer via repressing sonic hedgehog signaling pathway.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a highly common type of malignancy and affects millions of men in the world since it is easy to recur or emerge therapy resistance. Therefore, it is urgent to find novel treatments for PCa patients. In the current study, we found that tegaserod maleate (TM), an FDA-approved agent, inhibited proliferation, colony formation, migration as well as invasion, caused the arrest of the cell cycle, and promoted apoptosis of PCa cells in vitro.

Attenuation of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Traumatic Brain Injury via Inhibition of NKCC1 Cotransporter: Insights into the NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway.

Following traumatic brain injury (TBI), inhibition of the Na-K-Cl cotransporter1 (NKCC1) has been observed to alleviate damage to the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, the underlying mechanism for this effect remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which inhibiting the NKCC1 attenuates disruption of BBB integrity in TBI.

IRF1-RIG-I signaling defects in the aged alveolar epithelial cells may contribute to decreased pulmonary antiviral immune responses.

Background: Alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) are the primary targets of many pathogens and play an important role in sensing viruses and regulating immunity. Yet, little is known about the antiviral responses in the aged AECs.

Methods: The responses of young or aged AECs after viral infection were analyzed using methods such as flow cytometry, quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot detection, and transwell chemotaxis assay.

Simulated microgravity predisposes kidney to injury through promoting intrarenal artery remodeling.

Spaceflight-induced multi-organ dysfunction affects the health of astronauts and the safety of in-orbit flight. However, the effect of microgravity on the kidney and the underlying mechanisms are unknown. In the current study, we used a hindlimb unweighting (HU) animal model to simulate microgravity and employed histological analysis, ischemia-reperfusion experiments, renal ultrasonography, bioinformatics analysis, isometric force measurement, and other molecular experimental settings to evaluate the effects of microgravity on the kidneys and the underlying mechanisms involved in this transition.

Construction and validation of a nomogram prediction model for the occurrence of complications in patients following robotic radical surgery for gastric cancer.

Background: In the last two decades, robotic-assisted gastrectomy has become a widely adopted surgical option for gastric cancer (GC) treatment. Despite its popularity, postoperative complications can significantly deteriorate patient quality of life and prognosis. Therefore, identifying risk factors for these complications is crucial for early detection and intervention.

Exploring age and gender disparities in cardiometabolic phenotypes and lipidomic signatures among Chinese adults: a nationwide cohort study.

Understanding sex disparities in modifiable risk factors across the lifespan is essential for crafting individualized intervention strategies. We aim to investigate age-related sex disparity in cardiometabolic phenotypes in a large nationwide Chinese cohort. A total of 254,670 adults aged 40 years or older were selected from a population-based cohort in China.

Small subcortical ischemic infarction and other DWI lesions establish predictive model for MES.

Objective: The relationship between small subcortical ischemic infarction remains poorly characterized. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the association between artery-to-artery embolization and small subcortical infarctions.

Methods: This retrospective observational cross-sectional study enrolling 230 patients with acute middle cerebral artery (MCA) stroke classified into the microembolic signals-positive (MES+) and MES-negative (MES-) groups.

Immunological characteristics of peripheral T cells as prognostic markers for Camrelizumab and Apatinib combination therapy in advanced squamous non-small-cell lung cancer.

Purpose: To determine the characteristic changes of peripheral blood T cells and identify potential biomarkers that associated with the clinical efficacy of combined immunotherapy and anti-angiogenic therapy in patients with advanced squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: We performed a comprehensive immunological assessment of peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from advanced squamous NSCLC patients before and after combination of immunotherapy (Camrelizumab) and anti-angiogenic therapy (Apatinib) using spectral flow cytometry. Correlations between these immunological features and clinical efficacy were analyzed.

The Utilization of Ultrasound-Guided Regional Nerve Blocks in Anesthetic Management for Fracture Surgery.

Fracture surgeries are frequently accompanied by severe pain, necessitating efficacious pain management strategies to enhance postoperative recovery. Nerve block techniques, which are critical in mitigating pain, involve the targeted administration of local anesthetics to disrupt nerve signal transmission, thereby achieving significant analgesia. Traditionally, these techniques rely on anatomical landmarks and the clinician's expertise, which can introduce variability and potential risks.

Integrated metabolomics and mass spectrometry imaging analysis reveal the efficacy and mechanism of Huangkui capsule on type 2 diabetic nephropathy.

Background: Huangkui capsule (HKC), a Chinese patent medicine, is clinically used for treating diabetic nephropathy. However, the core disease-specific biomarkers and targets of type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN) and the therapeutic mechanism of HKC are not fully elucidated.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of HKC for T2DN.

Clinical and imaging characteristics of 135 cases of infectious sacroiliitis: a retrospective cohort study in China.

To study the clinical, imaging, and computed tomography (CT)-guided biopsy pathology of patients with infectious sacroiliitis (ISI). We retrospectively analysed 135 patients diagnosed with ISI between 2008 and 2020, comprehensively evaluating clinical characteristics, laboratory test outcomes, pathological examination results, and magnetic resonance images (MRI). Among the 135 patients with ISI, 90 (66.

A multimodal transformer system for noninvasive diabetic nephropathy diagnosis via retinal imaging.

Differentiating between diabetic nephropathy (DN) and non-diabetic renal disease (NDRD) without a kidney biopsy remains a major challenge, often leading to missed opportunities for targeted treatments that could greatly improve NDRD outcomes. To reform the traditional biopsy-all diagnostic paradigm and avoid unnecessary biopsy, we developed a transformer-based deep learning (DL) system for detecting DN and NDRD upon non-invasive multi-modal data of fundus images and clinical characteristics. Our Trans-MUF achieved an AUC of 0.

mHealth-Based Diabetes Prevention Program for Chinese Mothers With Abdominal Obesity: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Among people with abdominal obesity, women are more likely to develop diabetes than men. Mobile health (mHealth)-based technologies provide the flexibility and resource-saving opportunities to improve lifestyles in an individualized way. However, mHealth-based diabetes prevention programs tailored for busy mothers with abdominal obesity have not been reported yet.

HGF/c-Met Promotes Breast Cancer Tamoxifen Resistance Through the EZH2/HOTAIR-miR-141/200a Feedback Signaling Pathway.

Tamoxifen is one of the most frequently used endocrine medications for the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive (ER + ) breast cancer (BC). Unfortunately, tamoxifen resistance (TR) brings more challenges to the clinical treatment, and the mechanisms of TR have not yet been fully clarified. HGF/c-Met is closely associated with cancer metastasis, but whether it is involved in TR remains unclear.

Fundamentals of intervertebral disc degeneration and related discogenic pain.

Lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration is thought to be the main cause of low back pain, although the mechanisms by which it occurs and leads to pain remain unclear. In healthy adult discs, vessels and nerves are present only in the outer layer of the annulus fibrosus and in the bony endplate. Animal models, and histological and biomechanical studies have shown that annulus tear or endplate injury is the initiating factor for painful disc degeneration.

Comparative study of a rabbit model of spinal tuberculosis using different concentrations of .

Background: Tuberculosis is among the most devastating infectious diseases worldwide. Spinal tuberculosis is not easy to detect at an early stage, which without effective treatment often leads to spinal deformity and spinal cord damage which in turn cause complications such as paraplegia and quadriplegia. In this study, we established a model using three concentrations of bacteria and carried out a comprehensive evaluation of the model by imaging, general observations, and histopathological and bacteriological studies.

Role of neurogenic inflammation in intervertebral disc degeneration.

In healthy intervertebral discs (IVDs), nerves and blood vessels are present only in the outer annulus fibrosus, while in degenerative IVDs, a large amount of nerve and blood vessel tissue grows inward. Evidence supports that neurogenic inflammation produced by neuropeptides such as substance P and calcitonin gene related peptide released by the nociceptive nerve fibers innervating the IVDs plays a crucial role in the process of IVD degeneration. Recently, non-neuronal cells, including IVD cells and infiltrating immune cells, have emerged as important players in neurogenic inflammation.

Identification of genetic variants of the gene in association with COPD susceptibility.

Background: Although existing studies have identified some genetic loci associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) susceptibility, many variants remain to be discovered. The aim of this study was to further explore the potential relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and COPD risk.

Methods: Nine hundred and ninety-six subjects were recruited (498 COPD cases and 498 healthy controls).

Intestinal rearrangement of biliopancreatic limbs, alimentary limbs, and common limbs in obese type 2 diabetic mice after duodenal jejunal bypass surgery.

Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), yet the precise mechanisms underlying its effectiveness remain incompletely understood. While previous research has emphasized the role of rearrangement of the gastrointestinal anatomy, gaps persist regarding the specific impact on the gut microbiota and barriers within the biliopancreatic, alimentary, and common limbs. This study aimed to investigate the effects of duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB) surgery on obese T2DM mice.

How Often Does Bacteremia Occur in Patients With Chronic Periprosthetic Joint Infection? A Prospective, Observational Study.

Background: Bacteremia is sometimes observed in patients with prosthetic joint infection (PJI), and it is associated with a lower likelihood of infection control. However, the prevalence and association of bacteremia in chronic PJI remain unknown.

Questions/purposes: (1) What percentage of patients are diagnosed with bacteremia at the time of hospital admission and before surgery for chronic PJI? (2) What clinical factors are associated with positive blood cultures? (3) To what degree are positive blood cultures associated with infection-free implant survival in patients with chronic PJI?

Methods: This prospective study was conducted at a single academic institution from June 2021 to August 2022.

The Superior Glenoid Humeral Ligament's Role in Superior Labrum Anterior-Posterior Lesions and Subtype Classification Based on Arthroscopic Views: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study.

Background: Superior labrum anterior-posterior (SLAP) lesions are common shoulder injuries. The 10-type classification system has been widely used to diagnose SLAP lesions since it was proposed. However, growing evidence from arthroscopic studies indicates the existence of many SLAP lesions, especially those associated with superior glenoid humeral ligament (SGHL) injuries, that were not included in the initial classification.

Prevalence of infection in Chinese military personnel: A cross-sectional, multicenter-based study.

Background: () infection is a prevalent disease encountered in military internal medicine and recognized as the main cause of dyspepsia, gastritis, and peptic ulcer, which are common diseases in military personnel. Current guidelines in China state all patients with evidence of active infection with are offered treatment. However, the prevalence of infection and its regional distribution in the military population remain unclear, which hinders effective prevention and treatment strategies.

A case report of hypospadias combined with polyorchidism.

Hypospadias is a common congenital malformation of the reproductive system; however, to date, no cases of hypospadias complicated by polyorchidism have been reported in the literature. This article reports a case of a 1-year-old boy presenting with hypospadias, who was also diagnosed with polyorchidism combined with cryptorchidism. Preoperative Doppler ultrasound revealed two testes on the right side, and an atrophic testis on the left.

The microbial communities and metabolic profiles of follicular fluid in patients with premature ovarian insufficiency.

Introduction: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a condition characterized by ovarian dysfunction occurring before the age of 40, and its etiology is multifactorial, including genetic, immunological, infectious, environmental, and iatrogenic factors, with over half of the cases remaining unexplained. Whether the microbial communities and metabolites in follicular fluid, which is the direct microenvironment for oocyte survival, are related to POI has not been reported.

Methods: In this study, Follicular fluid samples of 26 patients with POI and 27 controls with a normal ovarian reserve were collected and analyzed using 16S rDNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics.