Urachal carcinoma presenting with chronic mucusuria: a case report.

Urachal adenocarcinoma is a rare tumor and represents 0.17-0.34% of all bladder tumors.

Penile and scrotal strangulation caused by a steel ring: a case report.

Application of constricting devices on the external male genitalia for increasing sexual performance is an unusual practice that can potentially lead to penile strangulation with severe consequences. In this case report we describe a case of a 48 year old male who presented in our hospital with a steel ring on his external genitalia which led to penile strangulation and a short review of the literature. The foreign body was successfully removed by an angle grinder which was not immediately available in the operating theatre.

Magnesium carbonate for phosphate control in patients on hemodialysis. A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Magnesium salts bind dietary phosphorus, but their use in renal patients is limited due to their potential for causing side effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of magnesium carbonate (MgCO(3)) as a phosphate-binder in hemodialysis patients.

Methods: Forty-six stable hemodialysis patients were randomly allocated to receive either MgCO(3) (n=25) or calcium carbonate (CaCO(3)), (n=21) for 6 months.

Normal development of fetal hepatic haematopoiesis during the second trimester of gestation is upregulated by fibronectin expression in the stromal cells of the portal triads.

Objective: in midtrimester fetuses the principal site of hematopoiesis is the liver. In hematopoietic organs, stromal cells such as fibroblasts, epithelial cells, and macrophage-like cells develop networks to maintain hematopoiesis, i.e.

Oral complaints caused from metastases to the mandible and maxilla.

Jaw bone disorders causing oral complaints are common in primary care settings. Most of these conditions are of a chronic and benign nature. However they also may be the symptoms of a primary or secondary malignant process in the bone.

Tonsilloplasty in children with obstructive symptoms.

Objective: Obstructive symptoms, caused by tonsillar hypertrophy, have been attracting increasing interest, and tonsillectomy is often performed as a result of this indication. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of the different surgical techniques, tonsilloplasty and tonsillectomy, on clinical symptoms in children with obstructive symptoms owing to tonsillar hypertrophy.

Methods: Thirty children, 3 to 12 years old, were included; 15 of them underwent tonsilloplasty and 15 tonsillectomy.

Human embryonal tissues of all three germ layers can express the CD30 antigen. An immunohistochemical study of 30 fetuses coming after therapeutic abortions from week 8th to week 16th of gestation.

Originally, expression of the CD30 antigen was shown to be typical of the tumor cells of Hodgkin disease and of anaplastic large cell lymphomas. In reactive lymphoid tissue, CD30 is expressed only in a small population of activated lymphoid blasts. Since then, several reports have been published describing CD30 expression in non lymphoid tissues and neoplasms, such as embryonal carcinomas, seminomas, cultivated macrophages, histiocytic neoplastic cells, deciduals cells, and mesothelioma cells.

NCL-CD30 staining of epithelial cells in the basal germinative layer of the epidermis and epithelial buds during foetal skin development.

The fact that the CD30 molecule can mediate signals for cell proliferation or apoptosis prompted us to perform a systematic investigation of CD30 antigen expression in embryonal tissues during proliferation and differentiation stages. We first targeted the foetal human intestinal cryptae cells with positive results. The epidermis is a dynamic epithelium that is constantly renewed throughout life.

Distribution of somatostatin in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma remodels the normal pattern of the protein during foetal pancreatic development: an immunohistochemical analysis.

Aim: To determine the immunoreactivity of somatostatin during the development of the human fetal pancreas and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, given that, somatostatin-positive cells were demonstrated either into its embryonic anlage or into pancreatic cancer.

Methods: Tissue sections from 15 pancreatic fetal specimens, and an equal number of ductal adenocarcinoma specimens were assessed.

Results: The density of positive cells in the primitive exocrine ductal epithelium and endocrine epithelium was significantly different from the relevant density in the neoplastic pancreatic tissue of mixed (ductal-endocrine) and pure ductal type (P1=0.

Ber-H2 (CD30) immunohistochemical staining of human fetal tissues.

Objective: CD30 antigen has long been considered to be restricted to the tumour cells of Hodgkin's disease and of anaplastic large cell lymphoma as well as to T and B activated lymphocytes. It is now apparent that the range of normal and neoplastic cells, which may express CD30 antigen, is much wider than was at first thought. In order to gain insight into the physiological function of CD30 antigen, we studied the distribution of its expression in the tissues of fetuses from week 8th to week 16th.

CD30 (Ki-1) molecule expression in human embryonal epithelial cells of the basal layer of the developing epidermis and epidermal buds and its potential significance for embryogenesis.

Objective: CD30 antigen has long been considered to be restricted to tumour cells of Hodgkin's disease, of anaplastic large cell lymphoma and T and B activated lymphocytes. Expression of CD30 antigen has been reported in the decidual stroma, cultivated macrophages, lipoblasts, myoepithelial cells, reactive and neoplastic vascular lesions, mesotheliomas, embryonal carcinoma and seminoma cells. The fact that the CD30 molecule can mediate signals for cell proliferation or apoptosis prompted us to perform a systematic investigation of CD30 antigen expression in embryonal tissues during the proliferation and differentiation stages.

Ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma with mural nodule of anaplastic carcinoma and synchronous cervical squamous carcinoma.

Solid mural nodule within a mucinous cystic ovarian tumor occurs more often than generally presumed. One especially interesting case involving coincidental cervical carcinoma is presented. A 38-year-old woman underwent exploratory laparotomy for a right ovarian tumor.

ALK-positive neutrophil-rich variant of anaplastic large cell lymphoma diagnosed after head trauma.

Background: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) expression has not been described in neutrophil-rich anaplastic large cell lymphoma (NR-ALCL).

Case Report: A 12-year old female with a 4-weeks history of a non-resolving bump over the forehead resulting from injury, was diagnosed of stage IE cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and radiation was employed. Shortly after completion of therapy, there was progress of the disease on the soft tissue of the right hand, and bone marrow involvement was also found.

Gains and losses of HLA class II (DR) and CD4 in atypical hyperplasia, carcinoma in situ and infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast.

Aim: Breast cancer is a frequent cause of death among women with gynaecologic malignancies despite the introduction of combination chemotherapy. There is therefore a need for new therapeutic strategies for patients with breast cancer, such as cellular immunotherapy. In this immunohistochemical study we analyzed the epithelial expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II (HLA-DR) on atypical and malignant primary mammary epithelial cells, as well as the magnitude of the stromal T lymphocytes (T4 subset) at the tumor site.

Local immune response in serous papillary carcinoma of the endometrium.

Objective: Serous papillary carcinomas of the endometrium are aggressive tumors that tend to permeate, in a very extensive fashion, to uterine and adnexal lymphatic and vascular channels at an early stage in their evolution, and are associated with a particularly gloomy prognosis. It is generally thought that even tumors apparently limited to the endometrium or confined to an endometrial polyp have a poor outcome. Our study points towards the value of HLA-DR antigen in the outcome of serous papillary endometrial cancer.

Caroli's syndrome. A case report and review of the literature.

Personal experience in the treatment of a female patient presenting a pure monolobar Caroli's disease, is described. The woman was asymptomatic so far; during the last 2 weeks she was admitted on 3 occasions with repeated attacks of cholangitis and obstructive jaundice. Surgery was performed for relief of the jaundice.

Human embryonal epithelial cells of the developing small intestinal crypts can express the Hodgkin-cell associated antigen Ki-1 (CD30) in spontaneous abortions during the first trimester of gestation.

Background: Ki-1 (CD30) antigen expression is not found on peripheral blood cells but its expression can be induced in vitro on T and B lymphocytes by viruses and lectins. Expression of CD30 in normal tissues is very limited, being restricted mainly to a subpopulation of large lymphoid cells; in particular, cells of the recently described anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), the Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells of Hodgkin's lymphoma and scattered large parafollicular cells in normal lymphoid tissues. More recent reports have described CD30 expression in non-hematopoietic and malignant cells such as cultured human macrophages, human decidual cells, histiocytic neoplastic cells, mesothelioma cells, embryonal carcinoma and seminoma cells.

Breast cancer development in a female with Poland's syndrome.

Background: Poland's syndrome, a rare congenital anomaly characterized by a defect of the pectoralis muscles, has been reported in association with lymphoreticular malignancies and some solid tumors.

Case Report: We report the case of a 53-year-old woman with Poland's syndrome who developed breast cancer in the afflicted ipsilateral hypoplastic breast. FNA cytology revealed a moderately differentiated carcinoma and histology was consistent with a well differentiated invasive ductal carcinoma.

Bilateral metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma to the breast in an adolescent female: touch imprint cytology and implication of MyoD1 nuclear antigen.

Background: Rhabdomyosarcoma accounts for approximately 4% of all childhood malignancies. Breast metastases from rhabdomyosarcoma are uncommon with an incidence of 6%.

Case Report: We present a patient who developed bilateral mammary metastases from rhabdomyosarcoma arising in the right lower extremity.

Human decidual cells activity in women with spontaneous abortions of probable CMV aetiology during the first trimester of gestation. An immunohistochemical study with CMV-associated antigen.

Aim: To determine the expression of CMV-associated antigen in the human decidual endometrial stromal cells in spontaneous abortions with no evidence of maternal relapse during the first trimester of gestation.

Experimental Design: We examined 15 placentas resulting from intrauterine fetal death after spontaneous abortion during the 8th, 10th, and 12th week of gestation respectively, and in which CMV reactivation was ruled out from serological evaluation of the pregnant women at admission, versus equal controls after voluntary abortion following well-documented maternal viral recurrence. In addition, a panel of monoclonal antibodies for the identification of leukocytes (CD45/LCA), B-lymphocytes (CD20/L-26), and T-lymphocytes (CD45RO/UCHL1), was performed.

Altered intrahepatic hematopoiesis in neonates from women with pregnancy induced hypertension/pre-eclampsia.

Aim: To detect whether preeclampsia influences neonatal intrahepatic hematopoiesis, given that an activation of fetal neutrophils and monocytes during the course of this disorder occurs.

Experimental Design: We examined liver samples from 10 neonates of hypertensive/preeclamptic women at 27 to 28 weeks of gestation delivered by a cessarian section. All neonates were placed in incubators but they all died within 24 hours due to immaturity.

Does neoplastic cholecystokinin expression reflect the embryonal pattern of the protein? A study in human pancreas.

Aim: To determine the immunoreactivity of cholecystokinin (CCK) during the development of the human fetal pancreas and pancreatic adenocarcinoma, given that, CCK positive cells were demonstrated either in its embryonic anlage or in pancreatic cancer. In order to obtain possible parallels in the expression pattern of neoplastic cells in adults (well--moderately--poorly differentiated), we investigated the pattern of CCK expression in the pancreatic tissue during the various stages of development and compared these with the proliferation of tissue assessed by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemistry.

Experimental Design: Tissue sections from 15 pancreatic fetal specimens, and equal number of ductal adenocarcinoma specimens, were assessed using immunohistochemical methods for CCK.

Intra- and extracellular magnesium levels and atheromatosis in haemodialysis patients.

Traditional risk factors do not adequately explain the high prevalence of cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic renal insufficiency. Currently, there is a lot of evidence that hypomagnesaemia may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases in general population. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that magnesium status in haemodialysis patients is related to the degree of atheromatosis of carotid arteries, as assessed by B-mode ultrasound.