Primary Ηypoparathyroidism in a Patient With Sarcoidosis: A Case Report.

Sarcoidosis is a complex, multisystem granulomatous disorder with a variable clinical presentation, commonly involving the lungs but potentially affecting any organ system. This case report describes a rare occurrence of primary hypoparathyroidism coexisting with sarcoidosis in a 45-year-old male patient. The patient presented with a chronic cough and progressive breathlessness.

Present and Future Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Kidney Transplantation.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has a wide and increasing range of applications across various sectors. In medicine, AI has already made an impact in numerous fields, rapidly transforming healthcare delivery through its growing applications in diagnosis, treatment and overall patient care. Equally, AI is swiftly and essentially transforming the landscape of kidney transplantation (KT), offering innovative solutions for longstanding problems that have eluded resolution through traditional approaches outside its spectrum.

The Relationship between Resting Metabolic Rate and Body Composition in People Living with Overweight and Obesity.

Resting metabolic rate (RMR) is an important contributor of energy balance and displays a well-documented relationship with sex, age, race and fat-free mass (FFM) in the existing scientific literature. However, the impact of other body composition components such as fat and liver fat on RMR remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the correlation of RMR with body composition parameters in a sample of patients with overweight and obesity.

The effect of antidiabetic drugs on bone metabolism: a concise review.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, which derives from either insufficient insulin production [type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)] or both impaired insulin sensitivity along with inadequate insulin production [type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)] and affects millions of people worldwide. In addition to the adverse effects of DM on classical target organs and tissues, skeletal health can also be adversely affected. There is considerable evidence linking DM with osteoporosis.

Monkeypox: A Growing Concern for Pulmonary Health.

The re-emergence of monkeypox as a significant global health concern has highlighted the need to reassess its clinical presentation, particularly its impact on pulmonary health. Traditionally associated with dermatological symptoms, recent outbreaks in non-endemic regions have underscored the virus's potential for widespread transmission and respiratory complications. Emerging evidence indicates that monkeypox infection can lead to respiratory symptoms such as cough, sore throat, and, in severe cases, pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Impact of Climate Change on Reproductive Health and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Systematic Review.

Climate change has emerged as a significant global health challenge, with growing evidence linking environmental factors to adverse reproductive health outcomes. The primary objective of this review is to assess the effects of climate change-driven environmental factors, such as air pollution and temperature extremes, on reproductive health outcomes, including fertility rates, miscarriage, preterm birth, and congenital anomalies. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science was conducted until July 2024.

Pregnancy outcomes in Greek women with inflammatory bowel disease: a longitudinal national retrospective study.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) commonly affects patients of reproductive age. The effect of disease activity on the outcome of pregnancy and its impact on neonatal health are areas of intense research.

Methods: Α national retrospective study of pregnancies in women with IBD between 2010 and 2020 was carried out in 22 IBD reference centers in Greece.

Finite nucleos(t)ide-analogue therapy for functional cure in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B: recent development in the paradigm shift.

Long-term nucleos(t)ide analogue (Nuc) therapy in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) may lead to hepatitis B virus (HBV) suppression, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization, improvement of histological lesions, and prevention of liver disease progression, but rarely achieve HBsAg loss, the hallmark of functional cure. HBeAg-negative CHB patients have often been recommended to continue Nuc therapy until HBsAg loss, which usually means indefinitely. However, long-term/life-long Nuc therapy is associated with increasing costs and concerns of adverse outcomes subsequent to poor adherence and/or self-cessation/loss-to-follow-up.

Monotherapy or combination therapy in PsA: current aspects.

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease with heterogeneity regarding its clinical features, mainly affecting the skin and the musculoskeletal system; additionally, extra-musculoskeletal manifestations and comorbidities are common, adding complexity to its treatment. In the last decades, a plethora of therapeutic options have been available, including conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), biological DMARDs (bDMARDs), and targeted synthetic DMARDs (tsDMARDs), and many recommendations have been published regarding the proper use of them in patients with PsA. In rheumatoid arthritis, the combination of conventional with bDMARDs or tsDMARDs is a common and recommended practice, whereas in PsA there is scarce data about the benefit of this combination.

Retrotransposons and Diabetes Mellitus.

Retrotransposons are invasive genetic elements, which replicate by copying and pasting themselves throughout the genome in a process called retrotransposition. The most abundant retrotransposons by number in the human genome are Alu and LINE-1 elements, which comprise approximately 40% of the human genome. The ability of retrotransposons to expand and colonize eukaryotic genomes has rendered them evolutionarily successful and is responsible for creating genetic alterations leading to significant impacts on their hosts.

Near-infrared indocyanine green angiography in recognizing bowel ischemia in emergency surgery: game changer or overrated?

Assessing bowel perfusion in emergency intestinal surgery can prove challenging even for experienced surgeons. The necessity of a technological tool assisting clinicians is undisputed. Near-infrared indocyanine green (NIR-ICG) angiography has been increasingly used in elective colorectal surgery to evaluate intestinal perfusion with promising results.

Common mistakes concerning diabetes management in daily clinical practice.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease, potentially leading to dire complications. Although there are numerous pharmaceutical treatments available, management of the disease is frequently not optimal. Managing diabetes in daily clinical practice can be challenging, and several common mistakes may occur.

Evaluation of the influenza-like illness case definition and the acute respiratory infection case definition in the diagnosis of influenza and COVID-19 in healthcare personnel.

Background: To evaluate the influenza-like illness (ILI) and acute respiratory infection (ARI) case definitions in the diagnosis of COVID-19 and influenza in healthcare personnel (HCP).

Methods: We followed a cohort of 5752 HCP from November 2022 to May 2023. Symptomatic HCP were tested for SARS-CoV-2 and influenza by real-time PCR and/or rapid antigen detection test.

Evaluation of Five Screening Tools in Detecting Physical Frailty in Cirrhosis and Their Prognostic Role.

: Physical frailty (PF) is a syndrome of decreased physical function and reserves, preventing patients from coping with stressful events. PF screening tools in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) can help evaluate the risk of complications and death. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of five screening tools in detecting PF and their ability to predict 18-month mortality in LC.

Kinetics of the Lactate to Albumin Ratio in New Onset Sepsis: Prognostic Implications.

The lactate to albumin ratio (LAR) has been associated with the severity and outcome of critical illness and sepsis. However, there are no studies on the kinetics of the LAR during the early phase of sepsis. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the LAR and its kinetics in critically ill patients with new onset sepsis regarding the severity and outcome of sepsis.

Efficacy and safety of statin therapy in kidney transplant recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Dyslipidemia represents an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, although its optimal management after kidney transplantation remains unclear. The present meta-analysis aimed to shed light on the efficacy and safety of statins among kidney transplant recipients, evaluating their potential effects on the risk of cardiovascular events, mortality and graft survival.

Methods: Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, CENTRAL, Clinicaltrials.