Prognostic factors in high-grade pediatric osteosarcoma among children and young adults: Greek Nationwide Registry for Childhood Hematological Malignancies and Solid Tumors (NARECHEM-ST) data along with a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The 5-year overall survival of children and adolescents with osteosarcoma has been in plateau during the last 30 years. The present systematic review (1976-2023) and meta-analysis aimed to explore factors implicated in the prognosis of children and young adults with high-grade osteosarcoma. Original studies including patients ≤30 years and the Nationwide Registry for Childhood Hematological Malignancies and Solid Tumors (NARECHEM-ST) data (2010-2021) referred to children ≤14 years were analysed.

Programmed Death Ligand 1: Unveiling its Impact on Endometrial Carcinogenesis.

Endometrial cancer is a commonly diagnosed gynecological malignancy presenting an increasing incidence worldwide. The immune response plays a crucial role in the mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis and the progression of tumors. In recent times, there has been a discernible surge in the acknowledgment of the importance of programmed death ligand 1 (PDL1) in evading the immunological response of the host and promoting the growth of malignancies.

Endovascular coiling versus neurosurgical clipping in the management of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage in the elderly: a multicenter cohort study.

The comparability of endovascular coiling over neurosurgical clipping has not been firmly established in elderly patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH). Data were obtained from all patients with aSAH aged ≥60 across three tertiary hospitals in Singapore from 2014 to 2019. Outcome measures included modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at 3 and at 6 months, and in-hospital mortality.

Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors and the Cardiovascular System: Current Knowledge and Future Expectations.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a well-recognized clinical entity and reflects a complex relationship between metabolic substrates and myocardial function. Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are antidiabetic agents that are found to exert multiple cardioprotective effects. Large clinical trials showed their beneficial effects on patients with heart failure, reducing the rates of rehospitalizations and improving kidney function.

Socioeconomic deprivation and illness trajectory in the Scottish population after COVID-19 hospitalization.

Background: The associations between deprivation and illness trajectory after hospitalisation for coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) are uncertain.

Methods: A prospective, multicentre cohort study was conducted on post-COVID-19 patients, enrolled either in-hospital or shortly post-discharge. Two evaluations were carried out: an initial assessment and a follow-up at 28-60 days post-discharge.

Small RNA-seq and clinical evaluation of tRNA-derived fragments in multiple myeloma: Loss of mitochondrial i-tRF results in patients' poor treatment outcome.

Despite the substantial progress in multiple myeloma (MM) therapy nowadays, treatment resistance and disease relapse remain major clinical hindrances. Herein, we have investigated tRNA-derived fragment (tRF) profiles in MM and precursor stages (smoldering MM/sMM; monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance/MGUS), aiming to unveil potential MM-related tRFs in ameliorating MM prognosis and risk stratification. Small RNA-seq was performed to profile tRFs in bone marrow CD138 plasma cells, revealing the significant deregulation of the mitochondrial internal tRF (mt-i-tRF) in MM versus sMM/MGUS.

Assessing caregiver burden in advanced kidney disease: protocol for a systematic review of the measurement properties of instruments and tools.

Introduction: Caregiver burden is a significant issue in the care of patients with advanced kidney disease. Its assessment is crucial for evaluating the needs of caregivers and for the development of interventions to support them. Several instruments have been developed to measure caregiver burden in these patients.

Increase in stress contributes to impaired jaw function in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a two-year prospective study.

Background: Stress in patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) has been found to be associated with orofacial pain, psychological distress, jaw dysfunction and loss of daily activities in a cross-sectional study. The aim of this study was to investigate the relations between stress and change of stress over time versus changes in orofacial pain, psychosocial factors and jaw function over a two-year period in patients with JIA.

Methods: This is a two-year prospective follow-up study involving 40 JIA patients.

Cost-Effectiveness of Late Endovascular Thrombectomy vs. Best Medical Management in a Clinical Trial Setting and Real-World Setting.

Background And Purpose: To assess cost-effectiveness of late time-window endovascular treatment (EVT) in a clinical trial setting and a "real-world" setting.

Methods: Data are from the randomized ESCAPE trial and a prospective cohort study (ESCAPE-LATE). Anterior circulation large vessel occlusion patients presenting > 6 hours from last-known-well were included, whereby collateral status was an inclusion criterion for ESCAPE but not ESCAPE-LATE.

Prognostic and predictive value of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the EORTC 1325/KEYNOTE-054 phase III trial of pembrolizumab versus placebo in resected high-risk stage III melanoma.

Background: Pain is common in patients with cancer. The World Health Organisation recommends paracetamol or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for mild pain and combined with other agents for moderate/severe pain. This study estimated associations of NSAIDs with recurrence-free survival (RFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and the incidence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in high-risk patients with resected melanoma in the EORTC 1325/KEYNOTE-054 phase III clinical trial.

Prospective Study on the Correlation between CART and Leptin Gene Expression, Obesity, and Reproductive Hormones in Individuals Undergoing Bariatric Surgery.

Obesity, a global health concern affecting 650 million individuals of all ages worldwide, prompts health complications, including fertility issues. This research investigates the impact of bariatric surgery on morbidly obese females under 40, examining the relationship between CART and leptin gene expressions and reproductive hormones. Post-surgery, a significant reduction in BMI (16.

Splenectomy as Part of Maximal-Effort Cytoreductive Surgery in Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.

Introduction: A splenectomy is frequently performed during debulking surgery for advanced ovarian cancer. Its impact on perioperative and survival outcomes remains questionable as current evidence is conflicting. In the present study, we sought to determine the factors that affect survival rates in ovarian cancer patients that undergo a splenectomy as part of maximal-effort cytoreduction.

Cardiovascular complications of ribociclib in breast cancer patients.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors have unprecedentedly advanced hormone-dependent breast cancer treatment paradigm. In the metastatic setting, ribociclib has consistently demonstrated survival benefit in pre-, peri-, and postmenopausal patients, conjugating efficacy with health-related quality of life preservation. Accordingly, the emergence of cardiac and/or vascular adverse events related to this novel targeted agent is gaining significant interest.

Long-term treatment with rilzabrutinib in patients with immune thrombocytopenia.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease associated with autoantibody-mediated platelet destruction and impaired platelet production, resulting in thrombocytopenia and a predisposition to bleeding. The ongoing, global phase 1/2 study showed that rilzabrutinib, a Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor specifically developed to treat autoimmune disorders, could be an efficacious and well-tolerated treatment for ITP. Clinical activity, durability of response, and safety were evaluated in 16 responding patients who continued rilzabrutinib 400 mg twice daily in the long-term extension (LTE) study.

A Case of Parathyroid Carcinoma in Renal Hyperparathyroidism.

Introduction: Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare malignant endocrine tumor that is usually associated with primary hyperparathyroidism. The coexistence of parathyroid carcinoma and renal hyperparathyroidism is a rare phenomenon. Hence, we present a case of parathyroid carcinoma in a patient with tertiary hyperparathyroidism.

The Immunohistochemical Expression of REV-7 in Various Human Cancer Pathology Specimens: A Systematic Review.

The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize all existing evidence, regarding the immunohistochemical expression of REV-7 in different human cancer pathology specimens. Moreover, the association of REV-7 expression with disease severity (clinical course), patients' survival, prognosis, and response to various treatments, such as chemotherapy and irradiation, was investigated. Three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane) were systematically screened, from inception to September 2, 2023, as suggested by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.

Prognostic Nutritional Index as a Predictive Biomarker of Post-Operative Infectious Morbidity in Gynecological Cancer Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Malnutrition significantly impacts the post-operative process of gynecological cancer patients. A prominent variable for determining perioperative morbidity is the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI). To investigate PNI's predictive value on the risk of post-operative infections, we conducted a prospective cohort study involving women who underwent surgery for gynecological malignancies.

Patients' Persistent Symptoms, Clinician Demographics, and Geo-Economic Factors Are Associated with Choice of Therapy for Hypothyroidism by European Thyroid Specialists: The "THESIS" Collaboration.

Hypothyroidism is common, however, aspects of its treatment remain controversial. Our survey aimed at documenting treatment choices of European thyroid specialists and exploring how patients' persistent symptoms, clinician demographics, and geo-economic factors relate to treatment choices. Seventeen thousand two hundred forty-seven thyroid specialists from 28 countries were invited to participate in an online questionnaire survey.

The hidden costs of the intercollegiate membership of the Royal College of surgeons examinations: Can trainees afford it?

Background: The Intercollegiate Membership of the Royal College of Surgeons (MRCS) examination is a mandatory requirement for higher specialty surgical training in the UK. However, there is a significant economic impact on trainees which raises the question of whether the costs of this exam hinder surgical career progression. This study explores the burden of these exams on trainees.

Delphi consensus statement for understanding and managing the subcostal hernia: subcostal hernias collaborative report (scholar study).

Introduction: Subcostal hernias are categorized as L1 based on the European Hernia Society (EHS) classification and frequently involve M1, M2, and L2 sites. These are common after hepatopancreatic and biliary surgeries. The literature on subcostal hernias mostly comprises of retrospective reviews of small heterogenous cohorts, unsurprisingly leading to no consensus or guidelines.