Association between the atherogenic index of plasma and long-term risk of type 2 diabetes: a 12-year cohort study based on the Japanese population.

Background: Atherosclerotic dyslipidemia is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Although previous studies have demonstrated an association between the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and insulin resistance, there remains a scarcity of large cohort studies investigating the association between AIP and the long-term risk of T2D in the general population. This study aims to investigate the potential association between AIP and the long-term risk of T2D in individuals with normal fasting plasma glucose levels.

Hospital in-reach family-centred social prescribing pilot for children with neurodisability: mixed methods evaluation with social return on investment analysis.

Background: Social prescribing link workers support individuals to engage with community resources, co-creating achievable goals. Most schemes are community-based, targetting adults. Vulnerable populations including hospitalized children with neurodisability and their families, could also benefit from social prescribing.

Comparison of postoperative oxygenation in children receiving sugammadex versus neostigmine for reversal of neuromuscular blockade: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: Residual neuromuscular blockade can impair postoperative respiratory mechanics, promoting hypoxemia and pulmonary complications. Sugammadex, with its unique mechanism of action, may offer a more effective reversal of neuromuscular blockade and respiratory function than neostigmine. We sought to test the primary hypothesis that children undergoing noncardiac surgery exhibit better initial recovery oxygenation when administered sugammadex than those administered neostigmine.

Telehealth occupational therapy improves psychosocial well-being but not glycemia among young adults with type 1 diabetes: The Resilient, Empowered, Active Living-Telehealth (REAL-T) randomized controlled trial.

Background: Young adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus often face challenges managing their condition, leading to elevated glucose and heightened psychosocial distress. Diabetes care traditionally focuses on biomedical outcomes, with less emphasis on well-being. Occupational therapy offers a holistic approach to managing diabetes by integrating changes to daily habits and routines and psychosocial support.

Allostatic load and psychological characteristics of transgender individuals. Preliminary case-control findings.

Despite considerable social progress, transgender people still face multiple chronic stressors. This study evaluated the allostatic load index and assessed specific psychological characteristics between transgender and cisgender participants who were matched based on age and assigned-at-birth gender. Twenty-one transgender people (52.

Tolerability and effectiveness of face-masks in reducing cough aerosols for children with cystic fibrosis.

Background: People with cystic fibrosis (CF) are recommended to wear face-masks when in healthcare settings. We previously demonstrated that face-masks significantly reduce the release of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) aerosols during coughing in adults with CF.

Characterization of Factors Associated With Death in Deceased Patients With Mitochondrial Disorders: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Survey.

Background And Objectives: Mitochondrial disorders are multiorgan disorders resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. We aimed to characterize death-associated factors in an international cohort of deceased individuals with mitochondrial disorders.

Methods: This cross-sectional multicenter observational study used data provided by 26 mitochondrial disease centers from 8 countries from January 2022 to March 2023.

The impact of a secondary, rare, non-pathogenic PKD1 variant on disease progression in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is caused primarily by pathogenic variants in the PKD1 and PKD2 genes. Although the type of ADPKD variant can influence disease severity, rare, hypomorphic PKD1 variants have also been reported to modify disease severity or cause biallelic ADPKD. This study examines whether rare, additional, potentially protein-altering, non-pathogenic PKD1 variants contribute to ADPKD phenotypic outcomes.

A cross-sectional study of parental perspectives on children about COVID-19 and classification using machine learning models.

Background And Objective: This study delves into the parenting cognition perspectives on COVID-19 in children, exploring symptoms, transmission modes, and protective measures. It aims to correlate these perspectives with sociodemographic factors and employ advanced machine-learning techniques for comprehensive analysis.

Method: Data collection involved a semi-structured questionnaire covering parental knowledge and attitude on COVID-19 symptoms, transmission, protective measures, and government satisfaction.

Oxygenation and intestinal perfusion and its association with perturbations of the early life gut microbiota composition of children with congenital heart disease.

Background: Early life gut microbiota is known to shape the immune system and has a crucial role in immune homeostasis. Only little is known about composition and dynamics of the intestinal microbiota in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) and potential influencing factors.

Methods: We evaluated the intestinal microbial composition of neonates with CHD ( = 13) compared to healthy controls (HC,  = 30).

The implementation of intrathecal morphine for caesarean delivery into clinical practice, and assessment of its impact on patient-reported quality of recovery using the ObsQoR-10-Dutch scale.

Background: Optimising a mother's quality of recovery following caesarean delivery is of paramount importance as it facilitates maternal care of the newborn and affects physical, psychological and emotional well being. Intrathecal morphine (ITM) reduces postoperative pain and may improve quality of recovery: however its widespread use is limited.

Objective: To assess the effects of implementing ITM for caesarean delivery on postoperative quality of recovery.

Estimating Skeletal Maturity by Segmented Linear Modeling of Key AP Wrist Radiographic Parameters.

Background: The recently described Modified Fels wrist skeletal maturity system (mFels wrist SMS) allows for accurate skeletal maturity estimation using a single anteroposterior wrist radiograph but requires evaluation of 8 parameters. A faster method may have clinical utility in the outpatient setting.

Methods: The 8 anteroposterior wrist radiographic parameters comprising the mFels wrist SMS were analyzed in 80 children.

Positive STEPS: Enhancing Medication Adherence and Achieving Viral Load Suppression in Youth Living with HIV in the United States - Results from a Stepped-Care Randomized Controlled Efficacy Trial.

Background: In the U.S. and worldwide, there is a significant number of young people acquiring and living with HIV.

Simulation-based training program effect on pediatric nurses' knowledge and performance regarding heel-prick during newborn blood screening test.

Background: One of the best ways to impart important skills to trainees is through simulation-based training, which is more reliable than the conventional clinical examination method. It is used in pediatric nursing training to allow nurses to practice and improve their clinical and conversational skills during an actual child encounter. A heel-prick is a complex psychomotor task that requires skill and knowledge from the pediatric nurse performing the procedure while applying for the National Newborn Screening Program.

The association between gestational selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment and newborn thyroid screen: a large-scale cohort study.

Background: The diagnosis of depression or anxiety treated by SSRIs has become relatively common in women of childbearing age. However, the impact of gestational SSRI treatment on newborn thyroid function is lacking. We explored the impact of gestational SSRI treatment on newborn thyroid function as measured by the National Newborn Screening (NBS) Program and identified contributory factors.

ESR Essentials: imaging of common paediatric pulmonary diseases-practice recommendations by the European Society of Paediatric Radiology.

Chest imaging in children presents unique challenges due to varying requirements across age groups. For chest radiographs, achieving optimal images often involves careful positioning and immobilisation techniques. Antero-posterior projections are easier to obtain in younger children, while lateral decubitus radiographs are sometimes used when expiratory images are difficult to obtain and for free air exclusion.

The effect of pregnancy vitamin D supplementation on maternal blood pressure: real-world data analysis within the MAVIDOS randomised placebo-controlled trial.

Purpose: Observational studies have suggested negative associations between maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status and risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy [pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and preeclampsia (PET)]. Data from intervention studies are limited. We hypothesised that vitamin D supplementation would lower maternal blood pressure (BP) during pregnancy and reduce the incidence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

Characterization of children with early onset pediatric multiple sclerosis.

Background: Early onset pediatric multiple sclerosis (EOPMS) provides an early window of opportunity to understand the mechanisms leading to MS.

Objective: To investigate clinical, laboratory and imaging differences between children with early onset pediatric MS (<11 years, EOPMS) and late onset pediatric MS (≥11 years, LOPMS).

Methods: Mostly prospectively collected data of children with MS including clinical presentation, MRI at onset, time to second relapse, relapse rate, treatment history, and CSF markers were eligible.

Islet Autoantibody Screening Throughout Australia Using In-Home Blood Spot Sampling: 2-Year Outcomes of Type1Screen.

Objective: Type1Screen offers islet autoantibody testing to Australians with a family history of type 1 diabetes (T1D) with the dual aims of preventing diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and enabling use of disease-modifying therapy. We describe screening and monitoring outcomes 2 years after implementing in-home capillary blood spot sampling.

Research Design And Methods: Data from 2,064 participants who registered between July 2022 and June 2024 were analyzed: 1,507 and 557 chose blood spot and venipuncture screening respectively.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Pediatric Counseling on Nutrition, Lifestyle, and Weight: A Secondary Analysis of the BP-CATCH Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Pediatric obesity and hypertension are highly correlated. To mitigate both conditions, provision of counseling on nutrition, lifestyle, and weight to children with high blood pressure (BP) measurements is recommended.

Objective: To examine racial and ethnic disparities in receipt of nutrition, lifestyle, and weight counseling among patients with high BP at pediatric primary care visits stratified by patients' weight status.

Quality-of-Life Measurement in Epidermolysis Bullosa. Position Statement of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Task Force on Quality of Life and Patient-Oriented Outcomes and External Experts.

In this paper, the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV) Task Force on Quality of Life (QoL) and Patient-Oriented Outcomes presents its position statements on health-related (HR) QoL assessment in epidermolysis bullosa (EB). The EADV TF on QoL and Patient-Oriented Outcomes recommends the use of the EB-specific instrument QOLEB in patients over the age of 10 years and, in addition to the QOLEB, the use of iscorEB-p in moderate-to-severe EB; the IntoDermQoL proxy instrument with its EB-specific module should be used in children aged under 5 years. The EB-specific instrument iscorEB-p, and the dermatology-specific instrument CDLQI may measure HRQoL in children with EB aged from 5 to 10 years.

Noncoding variants and sulcal patterns in congenital heart disease: Machine learning to predict functional impact.

Neurodevelopmental impairments associated with congenital heart disease (CHD) may arise from perturbations in brain developmental pathways, including the formation of sulcal patterns. While genetic factors contribute to sulcal features, the association of noncoding variants (ncDNVs) with sulcal patterns in people with CHD remains poorly understood. Leveraging deep learning models, we examined the predicted impact of ncDNVs on gene regulatory signals.

Exploring Dietitians' Experience of Blended Tube Feed in Paediatric Inpatient Settings: National Cross-Sectional Survey, United Kingdom.

Background: Enteral tube feeding is used for children who are unable to meet their nutritional requirements orally. Gastrointestinal symptoms are some complications that can occur in enteral tube-fed patients. Blended tube feeds (BTFs) for children who are gastrotomy tube-fed have significantly increased in the last decade.

Triangular Margin: Reliable Imaging Feature of Fibrous Dysplasia in Long Bones?

Objective: To determine the utility of a triangular margin as an imaging diagnostic feature for fibrous dysplasia.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all surgically biopsied or managed benign and malignant bone tumors by a single orthopedic oncologist over 19 years (2003 to 2022). A musculoskeletal radiologist and an orthopedic oncologist, both with >10 years of experience, retrospectively evaluated all imaging in consensus.