Pain-Associated Diagnoses in Childhood Before the Diagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Population-Based Study.

Pediatric pain significantly affects children's lives, leading to school absenteeism, impaired social interactions, and psychological distress. The perception of sensory signals as pain is influenced by the brain's noradrenergic system, and recent evidence suggests that chronic pain may impact cognitive functioning and emotional regulation. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with alterations in the dopaminergic/noradrenergic systems, which could affect pain perception.

[STOCKHOLM SYNDROME IN KIDNAPPED AND HOSTAGES AS A SURVIVAL BEHAVIOR].

Stockholm syndrome (SS) is relatively rare, but during the 'Iron Swords' war, several cases were described in which some of the hostages showed identification and empathy with their captors, which presented their families and their caregivers with diagnostic and therapeutic questions. The term SS was coined following a robbery in Stockholm in 1973, after which one of the hostages developed a relationship with the captors. From this and other cases, SS has become a cornerstone in understanding the dynamics of extreme emotional fabric: trauma woven into the survival instinct.

Novel TSPO Ligand 2-Cl-MGV-1 Can Counteract Lipopolysaccharide Induced Inflammatory Response in Murine RAW264.7 Macrophage Cell Line and Lung Models.

We assessed the anti-inflammatory activity of the TSPO ligand 2-Cl-MGV-1. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce inflammatory response in a murine RAW264.7 macrophage model (LPS: 100 ng/mL) and a mouse model (C57BL/6) of lung inflammation (LPS: 5 mg/kg).

The relationship between community-based psychiatric rehabilitation pathways and re-hospitalization trajectories: A three-decade follow-up.

Psychiatric rehabilitation is essential for the recovery of individuals with schizophrenia. However, re-hospitalization is sometimes inevitable. This study examined the association between varied community psychiatric rehabilitation services (PRS) and long-term re-hospitalization parameters.

A Discrepancy in the Reports on Life Events Between Parents and Their Depressed Children Is Associated with Lower Responsiveness to SSRI Treatment.

Exposure to a range of stressful life events (SLE) is implicated in youth psychopathology. Previous studies point to a discrepancy between parents'/children's reports regarding stressful life events. No study systematically assessed the correlation between such discrepancies and psychopathology in depressed youth.

Treating late-onset Tay Sachs disease: Brain delivery with a dual trojan horse protein.

Tay-Sachs (TS) disease is a neurodegenerative disease resulting from mutations in the gene encoding the α-subunit (HEXA) of lysosomal β-hexosaminidase A (HexA). We report that (1) recombinant HEXA alone increased HexA activity and decreased GM2 content in human TS glial cells and peripheral mononuclear blood cells; 2) a recombinant chimeric protein composed of HEXA linked to two blood-brain barrier (BBB) entry elements, a transferrin receptor binding sequence and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, associates with HEXB ; reaches human cultured TS cells lysosomes and mouse brain cells, especially neurons, ; lowers GM2 in cultured human TS cells; lowers whole brain GM2 concentration by approximately 40% within 6 weeks, when injected intravenously (IV) to adult TS-mutant mice mimicking the slow course of late-onset TS; and increases forelimbs grip strength. Hence, a chimeric protein equipped with dual BBB entry elements can transport a large protein such as HEXA to the brain, decrease the accumulation of GM2, and improve muscle strength, thereby providing potential treatment for late-onset TS.

Exploring the link between parents' differentiation of self and children's externalizing behavior problems: the mediating role of need-supportive vs. need-frustrating parenting practices.

Objective: Externalizing behavior problems (EBPs) are common in children, with significant long-term impact on the child and family members. Parents, particularly mothers, of children with EBPs often experience heightened emotional distress. One crucial factor affecting parents' ability to manage this distress is their level of differentiation-of-self (DOS).

[THE USE OF AMBULATORY PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES AMONG THE ISRAELI POPULATION FOLLOWING THE OCTOBER 7 TERROR ATTACKS AND IRON SWORDS WAR].

Background: On October 7, 2023, operation "Iron Swords" erupted following a barbaric terror attack, resulting in over 1,200 casualties, with more than 250 individuals, abducted. The aftermath of this slaughter led to the evacuation of hundreds of thousands from their homes in both the south and north of Israel. This situation triggered an unprecedented surge in the request for mental health support as reported by health funds and helplines.

The influence of COVID-19 on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder diagnosis and treatment rates across age, gender, and socioeconomic status: A 20-year national cohort study.

Infection and lockdowns resulting from COVID-19 have been suggested to increase the prevalence and treatment rates of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). To accurately estimate the pandemic's effects, pre-pandemic data can be used to estimate diagnosis and treatment rates during the COVID-19 years as if the COVID-19 pandemic did not occur. However, accurate predictions require a broad dataset, both in terms of the number of cases and the pre-pandemic timeframe.

[PREGNANCY DUE TO RAPE DURING CAPTIVITY].

Pregnancy due to rape during captivity in female hostages is a complex, devastating and extremely challenging issue for victims, families and medical staff and may raise difficult ethical and clinical issues. Literature on the subject is scarce. Females who became pregnant as a result of rape in captivity in recent history, especially Yazidi women in ISIS captivity, suffered from a wide range of mental disorders including; post-traumatic stress disorder in high prevalence, anxiety, depression, severe dissociative disorder, somatoform disorder and sexual functioning disorders.

Characterizing the clinical and sociodemographic profiles of hospitalized adolescents with autism spectrum disorder.

The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is increasing worldwide. Youngsters with ASD demonstrate higher rates of intellectual disabilities (IDs), comorbid psychopathology and psychiatric hospitalizations, compared to children in the general population. This study characterizes the demographics and clinical parameters of adolescent psychiatric inpatients with ASD compared to inpatients without ASD, all hospitalized during the study period.

Predictors of valproic acid steady-state serum levels in adult and pediatric psychiatric inpatients: a comparative analysis.

Rationale: Valproic acid (VPA) is commonly used as a second-line mood stabilizer or augmentative agent in severe mental illnesses. However, population pharmacokinetic studies specific to psychiatric populations are limited, and clinical predictors for the precision application of VPA remain undefined.

Objectives: To identify steady-state serum VPA level predictors in pediatric/adolescent and adult psychiatric inpatients.

Unraveling the molecular basis of cannabidiolic acid methyl Ester's anti-depressive effects in a rat model of treatment-resistant depression.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) stands as a significant cause of disability globally. Cannabidiolic Acid-Methyl Ester (CBDA-ME) (EPM-301, HU-580), a derivative of Cannabidiol, demonstrates immediate antidepressant-like effects, yet it has undergone only minimal evaluation in psychopharmacology. Our goal was to investigate the behavioral and potential molecular mechanisms associated with the chronic oral administration of this compound in the Wistar Kyoto (WKY) genetic model of treatment-resistant depression.

Lymphoblast transcriptome analysis in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum disorder.

Objectives: 22q11.2 deletion is the most prominent risk factor for schizophrenia (SZ). The aim of the present study was to identify unique transcriptome profile for 22q11.

Adherence of patients with schizophrenia to hypothyroidism treatment.

Adherence to prescription medications is critical for both remission from schizophrenia and control of physical comorbidities. While schizophrenia with comorbid hypothyroidism is common, there is little research on adherence to hypothyroidism treatment in this population. The current study used a retrospective, matched case-control design.

Psychopharmacology in children and adolescents: unmet needs and opportunities.

Psychopharmacological treatment is an important component of the multimodal intervention approach to treating mental health conditions in children and adolescents. Currently, there are many unmet needs but also opportunities, alongside possible risks to consider, regarding the pharmacological treatment of mental health conditions in children and adolescents. In this Position Paper, we highlight and address these unmet needs and opportunities, including the perspectives of clinicians and researchers from the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology-Child and Adolescent Network, alongside those of experts by lived experience from national and international associations, via a survey involving 644 participants from 13 countries, and of regulators, through representation from the European Medicines Agency.

Increased Rate of Familial Mediterranean Fever in Children With ADHD: A Population-Based Case-Control Study.

Objective: There is growing evidence of involvement of inflammatory mechanisms in ADHD. Previous studies found significantly higher rates of ADHD among children with FMF. The present study examined the rate of exposure to FMF in children with a later (within a 5-year period) diagnosis of ADHD compared to non-ADHD children.