Outcomes of Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implantation with Subsequent Trans-Scleral Diode Cyclophotocoagulation as the Main Intervention if IOP Remained Medically Uncontrolled.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation with subsequent trans-scleral diode cyclophotocoagulation (CPC) as the main intervention if IOP remained medically uncontrolled.

Patients And Methods: Charts of 108 consecutive eyes (90 patients) that underwent AGV implantation from 2003 to 2018 at a single clinical practice were retrospectively reviewed. The procedure was considered a failure if any of the following occurred: additional incisional glaucoma surgery, IOP >21 mmHg or < 20% reduction from baseline on 2 consecutive study visits after 3 months, IOP ≤ 5 mmHg on 2 consecutive study visits after 3 months, loss of light perception, or AGV removal.

The "FitBrain" program: implementing exergaming & dual-task exercise programs in outpatient clinical settings.

Dual-task training and exergaming interventions are increasingly recognized for their potential to enhance cognitive, physical, and mood outcomes among older adults and individuals with neurological conditions. Despite this, clinical and community programs that use these interventions are limited in availability. This paper presents the "FitBrain" program, an outpatient clinical model that combines dual-task and exergaming interventions to promote cognitive and physical health.

Productive infection of the retinal pigment epithelium by SARS-CoV-2: Initial effects and consideration of long-term consequences.

As the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus continues to evolve and infect the global population, many individuals are likely to suffer from post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). Manifestations of PASC include vision symptoms, but little is known about the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to infect and impact the retinal cells. Here, we demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 can infect and perturb the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in vivo, after intranasal inoculation of a transgenic mouse model of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and in cell culture.

Connectome-based symptom mapping and related gene expression in children with autism and/or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Clinical, neuroimaging and genomics evidence have increasingly underscored a degree of overlap between autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study explores the specific contribution of their core symptoms to shared biology in a sample of N=166 verbal children (6-12 years) with rigorously-established primary diagnoses of either autism or ADHD (without autism). We investigated the associations between inter-individual differences in clinician-based dimensional measures of autism and ADHD symptoms and whole-brain low motion intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC).

Differences in baseline cognitive performance between participants with early-onset and late-onset Alzheimer's disease: Comparison of LEADS and ADNI.

Introduction: Early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) share similar amyloid etiology, but evidence from smaller-scale studies suggests that they manifest differently clinically. Current analyses sought to contrast the cognitive profiles of EOAD and LOAD.

Methods: Z-score cognitive-domain composites for 311 amyloid-positive sporadic EOAD and 314 amyloid-positive LOAD participants were calculated from baseline data from age-appropriate control cohorts.

Treatment Response Biomarkers for Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease.

Objective: This studied investigated whether changes in circulating biomarkers predict progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PFF) in patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD) receiving treatment.

Method: Participants of Scleroderma Lung Study (SLS) II, which compared mycophenolate (MMF) versus cyclophosphamide (CYC) for SSc-ILD, who had blood samples at baseline and 12-months were included. Levels for C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, chemokine ligand 4 (CXCL4), chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18) and Krebs von den Lungen 6 (KL-6) were measured, and a logistic regression model evaluated relationships between changes in these biomarkers and the development of PPF by 24 months.

Age differences in organophosphorus nerve agent-induced seizure, blood brain barrier integrity, and neurodegeneration in midazolam-treated rats.

Exposure to organophosphorus nerve agents irreversibly inhibits acetylcholinesterase and may lead to cholinergic crisis and seizures. Although benzodiazepines are the standard of care after nerve agent-induced status epilepticus, when treatment is delayed for up to 30 min or more, refractory status epilepticus can develop. Adult male rodents are often utilized for evaluation of therapeutic efficacy against nerve agent exposure.

Contextual modulation emerges by integrating feedforward and feedback processing in mouse visual cortex.

Sensory systems use context to infer meaning. Accordingly, context profoundly influences neural responses to sensory stimuli. However, a cohesive understanding of the circuit mechanisms governing contextual effects across different stimulus conditions is still lacking.

The Association between Obesity and Efficacy of Psoriasis Therapies: An Expert Consensus Panel.

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease often associated with obesity. Psoriasis therapies may be less effective in obese patients. The purpose of this expert consensus panel is to evaluate the relationship between obesity and efficacy of psoriasis therapies, thereby optimizing patient care.

Self-reported history of physical intimate partner violence and longitudinal cognitive performance in midlife women.

Background: Intimate partner violence affects about a third of women in their lifetimes and can result in short- and long-term health consequences, including less favorable performance on measures of cognitive function.

Objectives: We assess whether experiencing physical intimate partner violence in midlife was associated with steeper declines in subsequent tests of cognitive performance.

Design: This study used data from 1713 women in the longitudinal cohort Study of Women's Health Across the Nation to relate baseline information on physical intimate partner violence to declines in scores from the Symbol Digit Modalities Test, the East Boston Memory Test and the Digit Span Backwards spanning follow-up visits 7 through 15.

Fish oil lipid emulsion compared with soybean oil lipid emulsion in pediatric patients with parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis: A cost-effectiveness study.

Objectives: Evidence indicates that, in pediatric patients with parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (PNAC), the use of a 100% fish oil lipid emulsion (FOLE) increased the likelihood of PNAC resolution and reduced the likelihood of liver transplantation compared with a 100% soybean oil lipid emulsion (SOLE). To evaluate the potential economic benefit, we conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis comparing FOLE with SOLE.

Study Design: A discrete event simulation model evaluated cost-effectiveness by simulating clinical outcomes and estimating associated healthcare costs in pediatric patients with PNAC receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) with FOLE (1 g/kg) or SOLE (1.

Encouraging arm use in stroke survivors: the impact of smart reminders during a home-based intervention.

Background: Upper limb impairment post-stroke often leads to a predominant use of the less affected arm and consequent learned disuse of the affected side, hindering upper limb outcome. Wearable sensors such as accelerometers, combined with smart reminders (i.e.

CySP3-96 enables scalable, streamlined, and low-cost sample preparation for cysteine chemoproteomic applications.

Cysteine chemoproteomic screening platforms are widely utilized for chemical probe and drug discovery campaigns. Chemoproteomic compound screens, which use a mass spectrometry-based proteomic readout, can interrogate the structure activity relationship (SAR) for thousands of proteins in parallel across the proteome. The versatility of chemoproteomic screens has been demonstrated across electrophilic, nucleophilic, and reversible classes of molecules.

Genetic variants in DDX53 contribute to autism spectrum disorder associated with the Xp22.11 locus.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibits an ∼4:1 male-to-female sex bias and is characterized by early-onset impairment of social/communication skills, restricted interests, and stereotyped behaviors. Disruption of the Xp22.11 locus has been associated with ASD in males.

FAAHcilitating recovery in malnourished kids.

The molecular underpinnings behind the diet-microbiome-host health relationship are largely undescribed. In a recent issue of Science, Cheng et al. uncovered one piece of the puzzle by describing a novel fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) derived from a Faecalibacterium prausnitzii strain that correlated with improved malnutrition recovery.

Developmental trajectories in high-risk NICU graduates during the first year of life.

Objective: We examined whether early medical factors predicted variability in developmental level and trajectories in high-risk neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) graduates during the first year of life.

Method: Infants (n = 53) who met criteria for the High-Risk Infant Follow-up Program were enrolled. Simple linear models predicted 12-month developmental abilities and linear mixed models predicted 6- to 12-month trajectories based on length of NICU stay and birthweight.

Prompt Initiation of Maternal Antiretroviral Therapy After HIV Seroconversion in Pregnancy Effectively Prevents Vertical Transmission and Other Adverse Infant Outcomes.

From January 2008 to December 2018, 1348 HIV-exposed infants were born in Porto Alegre, Brazil; 18.8% had adverse infant outcomes (AIO) including vertical transmission (1.9%), stillbirth/neonatal death (4.

Adaptive Platform Trials in Stroke.

Clinical trials of treatments for stroke have generally utilized 2-arm, randomized designs to evaluate a single intervention against a control. Running separate clinical trials, with each addressing a single therapeutic question, is resource intensive and slows evidence generation, especially in a field with rapidly expanding treatment options and evolving practices. Platform trials-randomized clinical trials designed to evaluate multiple interventions that may enter and exit the ongoing platform based on a master protocol-accelerate the investigation of multiple therapeutic options within a single infrastructure.

Understanding human papillomavirus vaccine response and efficacy in people living with HIV: A systematic mixed studies review and meta-analysis.

Coinfection with human papillomavirus (HPV) and HIV compounds the risks of developing cervical, anal, and HPV-associated oral neoplasia. Safe prophylactic vaccines are available to prevent HPV infections in people with HIV(PWH). Yet, vaccine efficacy and duration of protection remain questionable.

Small Molecules, Big Results: How JAK Inhibitors Have Transformed the Treatment of Patients with IBD.

Small molecule Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors have revolutionized the management of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) through their low immunogenicity, safety, and consistent pharmacologic response that are superior to existing therapeutic options. In this perspective, we highlight existing evidence supporting the use of currently approved JAK inhibitors (upadacitinib, tofacitinib, and filgotinib) for UC or CD, additionally emphasizing the evidence for their use in related autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthropathies. Our perspective concludes with a review of the existing comparative effectiveness literature, which positions JAK inhibitors, particularly upadacitinib, favorably compared with other biologic therapies.

Pharmacoequity measurement framework: A tool to reduce health disparities.

is a health system and policy goal of ensuring equitable access to high-quality medications for all individuals, regardless of factors such as race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, or resource availability to reduce health disparities. Although measurement frameworks have been widely used in health equity contexts, a focused framework for pharmacoequity remains a critical gap. In this article, we introduce a novel pharmacoequity measurement framework anchored in the patient medication-use journey.

Accelerated Infant Brain Rhythm Maturation in Autism.

Electroencephalography (EEG) captures characteristic oscillatory shifts in infant brain rhythms over the first year of life, offering unique insights into early functional brain development and potential markers for detecting neural differences associated with autism. This study used functional principal component analysis (FPCA) to derive dynamic markers of spectral maturation from task-free EEG recordings collected at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months from 87 infants, 51 of whom were at higher likelihood of developing autism due to an older sibling diagnosed with the condition. FPCA revealed three principal components explaining over 96% of the variance in infant power spectra, with power increases between 6 and 9 Hz (FPC1) representing the most significant age-related trend, accounting for more than 71% of the variance.

Early antiviral CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are associated with upper airway clearance of SARS-CoV-2.

T cells are involved in protective immunity against numerous viral infections. Data regarding functional roles of human T cells in SARS-CoV-2 (SARS2) viral clearance in primary COVID-19 are limited. To address this knowledge gap, we assessed samples for associations between SARS2 upper respiratory tract viral RNA levels and early virus-specific adaptive immune responses for 95 unvaccinated clinical trial participants with acute primary COVID-19 aged 18-86 years old, approximately half of whom were considered at high risk for progression to severe COVID-19.