Distinct microbiome dysbiosis and epigenetic anomaly in esophageal adenocarcinoma and its underlying Barrett's esophagus.

Interaction between host genotoxic changes and mucosa-associated microbiome (MAM) dysbiosis may have a role in various digestive cancers. We investigated MAM in Barrett's esophagus (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) progression sequence and its association with host genotoxic changes. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed in three different groups of biopsies from nonneoplastic BE from patients without cancer (N, normal group; n = 47) and with EAC (ADJ, adjacent group; n = 27).

FOLR2 macrophage depletion from intestinal metaplasia to early gastric cancer: single-cell sequencing insight into gastric cancer progression.

Background: The immune landscape associated with different subtypes of intestinal metaplasia (IM) and early gastric cancer (EGC) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the immune landscape of complete intestinal metaplasia (CIM), incomplete intestinal metaplasia (IIM), and EGC, as well as the underlying mechanisms of EGC progression.

Methods: Gastric biopsy samples were collected from five patients with CIM, six patients with IIM, and four patients with EGC, followed by single-cell RNA sequencing.

Exosomes containing circSCP2 in colorectal cancer promote metastasis via sponging miR-92a-1-5p and interacting with PTBP1 to stabilize IGF2BP1.

Exosomes have emerged as significant biomarkers for multiple diseases, including cancers. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), abundant in exosomes, are involved in regulating cancer development. However, the regulatory function and the underlying molecular mechanism of hsa_circ_0006906 (circSCP2) in colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis remain unclear.

Zinc-based radioenhancers to activate tumor radioimmunotherapy by PD-L1 and cGAS-STING pathway.

Radiotherapy and immunotherapy have already become the primary form of treatment for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but are limited by high radiotherapy dose and low immune response rate. Herein, a multi-pronged strategy using a radio-immuno-enhancer (ZnO-Au@mSiO) is developed by inducing tumor cells apoptosis and reprograming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). The radio-immuno-enhancer employed Au as a radiosensitizer, transition Zn ions as immune activators, which not only tremendously enhances the anti-proliferative activity of radiotherapy toward cancer cells, but also activates the immune response with multi-targets to let "exhausted" T cells "back to life" by triggering immunogenic cell death (ICD), immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) that target PD-1/PD-L1 and cGAS-STING under X-ray irradiation with a low dosage.

Prediction of miRNA-disease associations based on PCA and cascade forest.

Background: As a key non-coding RNA molecule, miRNA profoundly affects gene expression regulation and connects to the pathological processes of several kinds of human diseases. However, conventional experimental methods for validating miRNA-disease associations are laborious. Consequently, the development of efficient and reliable computational prediction models is crucial for the identification and validation of these associations.

Machine learning-based integration develops a disulfidptosis-related lncRNA signature for improving outcomes in gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer remains one of the deadliest cancers globally due to delayed detection and limited treatment options, underscoring the critical need for innovative prognostic methods. Disulfidptosis, a recently discovered programmed cell death triggered by disulphide stress, presents a fresh avenue for therapeutic exploration. This research examines disulfidptosis-related long noncoding RNAs (DRLs) in gastric cancer, with the goal of leveraging these lncRNAs as potential markers to enhance patient outcomes and treatment approaches.

[Agrimoniae Herba-Coptidis Rhizoma inhibits angiogenesis in colorectal cancer inflammatory microenvironment based on network pharmacology and experiment validation].

This study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of the herb pair Agrimoniae Herba-Coptidis Rhizoma in inhibiting angiogenesis in the colorectal cancer inflammatory microenvironment by using the method of network pharmacology and the zebrafish model. The method of network pharmacology was employed to obtain the active components, potential core targets, and signaling pathways regulated by the herb pair in inhibiting angiogenesis in the inflammatory microenvironment of colorectal cancer, on the basis of which the underlying mechanism was predicted. The zebrafish model of colorectal cancer was established, and the inflammatory microenvironment was modeled.

[Mechanism of osthole against colorectal cancer based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation].

Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, combined with network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques, this study investigated the mechanism of action of osthole in the treatment of colorectal cancer(CRC). The relevant targets of osthole and CRC were retrieved from the SwissTargetPrediction and SuperPred in drug databases, as well as GeneCards and OMIM in disease databases. Protein-protein interaction(PPI) networks were constructed using the STRING database and Cytoscape 3.

[Inhibition of PRDX1 protein expression and promotion of apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells by furanodienone via inducing ROS generation from NOX4-derived mitochondria].

This study explored the generation site and regulation mechanism of reactive oxygen species(ROS) in the apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells induced by furanodienone(Fur). RKO cells were treated with 200 μmol·L~(-1) of Fur, and the changes in intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase(NOX) activity were detected by the NOX activity detection method. The control group, Fur group, diphenyleneiodonium(DPI) inhibitor group for general NOX, mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant(MitoTEMPO) group, Fur+DPI group, Fur+MitoTEMPO group, and H_2O_2 positive control group were set up.

[Exploring effects and mechanisms of Agrimoniae Herba-Coptidis Rhizoma containing serum on colorectal cancer cells via LAMP2A-mediated autophagy].

This study investigated the effects of Agrimoniae Herba-Coptidis Rhizoma(XHC-HL)-medicated serum on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of human colorectal cancer HT29 and HCT116 cells via the autophagy mediated by lysosome-associated membrane protein type 2A(LAMP2A). Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to explore the role of LAMP2A in the development and progression of colorectal cancer. Western blot(WB) was used to detect the expression of LAMP2A protein in colorectal cancer cell lines.

[Prediction of anti-gastric cancer effect of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix by network pharmacology and in vivo validation].

This study investigated the anti-gastric cancer activity and mechanism of Panacis Quinquefolii Radix(Panax quinquefolium L.), and preliminarily compared the in vivo anti-gastric cancer efficacy of American-imported(JK-AG) and domestically produced(Shandong) Panacis Quinquefolii Radix decoctions(SD-AG). Based on network pharmacology predictions, a LUC-MGC803 cell ectopic gastric cancer nude mouse model was established.

University hospital status and gastric cancer mortality - a population-based nationwide study in Finland.

Background: Gastric cancer remains a significant global health issue with rising mortality, despite advancements in treatment. Previous studies suggest that surgery performed in university hospitals may influence surgical outcomes and mortality rates, but evidence on its impact for gastric cancer remains limited. This study investigated whether gastrectomy performed at university hospitals reduce short-term and long-term mortality in Finland.

Plasma and serum concentrations of VEGF-A121, but not of VEGF-A165, increase post-bevacizumab administration.

Background: VEGF-A concentrations were measured in the blood of bevacizumab-treated cancer patients in previous studies, but a consensus has not formed that would develop VEGF-A into a clinical biomarker. Recently, methods to strictly distinguish between the VEGF-A isoforms have been developed but have not yet been applied to cancer patients undergoing bevacizumab treatment.

Methods: An ELISA that strictly distinguishes between VEGF-A121 and VEGF-A165-the major isoforms of VEGF-A-and a commercially available ELISA for VEGF-A are used to determine the concentration of VEGF-A121, VEGF-A165, and VEGF-A in the blood of 12 patients with advanced colorectal cancer receiving bevacizumab therapy.

Bestrophin-4 relays HES4 and interacts with TWIST1 to suppress epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer cells.

Bestrophin isoform 4 () is a newly identified subtype of the calcium-activated chloride channel family. Analysis of colonic epithelial cell diversity by single-cell RNA-sequencing has revealed the existence of a cluster of + mature colonocytes in humans. However, if the role of is involved in regulating tumour progression remains largely unknown.

Optimal Stopping Ages for Colorectal Cancer Screening.

Importance: Prior studies have shown that the benefits, harms, and costs of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening at older ages are associated with a patient's sex, health, and screening history. However, these studies were hypothetical exercises and not directly informed by data on CRC risk.

Objective: To identify the optimal stopping ages for CRC screening by sex, comorbidity, and screening history from a cost-effectiveness perspective.

Efficacy and Safety of Zolbetuximab in Gastric Cancer.

Gastric cancer remains a major global health concern with high incidence and mortality rates, particularly in East Asia. Patients often have poor outcomes due to limited treatment efficacy. Zolbetuximab, a monoclonal antibody targeting claudin 18.

Robotic vs laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with Billroth I and II reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Robotic distal gastrectomy (RDG) has been increasingly used for the treatment of gastric cancer, however, its comparative safety and efficacy against the laparoscopic approach (LDG), remains unclear, especially when accounting the reconstruction method as a confounder. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the short-term outcomes of RDG vs LDG In patIents with gastric cancer, undergoing Billroth I and II reconstruction. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.

Phase I study of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with S-1 for clinically resectable type 4 or large type 3 gastric cancer in elderly patients aged 75 years and older (OGSG1303).

Purpose The prognosis for type 4 and large type 3 gastric cancer (GC) is extremely poor, especially in elderly patients (≥ 75 years). To improve the prognosis of these types of GC, we performed a phase I study to determine the recommended dose (RD) of S-1 combined with neoadjuvant radiotherapy. Methods Patients with clinically resectable type 4 and large type 3 GC were enrolled to successive cohorts in a conventional 3 + 3 design.

Reconstruction of the pelvic floor and perineal wound after extralevator abdominoperineal resection of the rectum.

This article presents an innovative technique for perineal wound reconstruction following extralevator abdominoperineal excision (ELAPE) in rectal cancer surgery. The authors trace the evolution of surgical methods for rectal cancer treatment, from W.E.

3D-reconstruction printed models and virtual reality improve teaching in oncological colorectal surgery.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the use of 3D image processing and reconstruction (3D-IPR) combined with virtual reality (VR) technology and printed models (PM) as teaching tools in oncological colorectal surgery.

Methods: We designed two courses, one for general surgery trainees and another for young colorectal surgeons, structured around stations of pre-test, anatomical lessons, real-case presentations, 3D-IPR models, VR experiences, and life-size abdominal PM with surgical approach explanations and a final post-test.

Results: Fourteen course participants were evaluated.

The role of hyaluronan modification in the etiopathogenesis of gastric cancer.

Objective: Gastric cancer is the second most common cancer in the world, accounting for 650,000 deaths per year, and is observed in approximately 10% of the patients diagnosed. Extracellular matrix abnormalities have been documented in gastric cancer patients. The aim of our study was to understand the role of high levels of hyaluronan, an extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan, and its mechanistic role in gastric cancer pathobiology.

TREATMENT OF GASTRIC CANCER ACCORDING TO THE COMPLEXITY OF THE HOSPITAL ONCOLOGY UNIT: ANALYSIS OF 33,774 PATIENTS OVER TWO DECADES.

Background: The hospitals' volume, specialization, availability of all oncological services, and experience in performing complex surgeries have a favorable impact on gastric cancer (GC) treatment.

Aims: The aim of this study was to compare the results of GC treatment according to the type of oncological hospital in the State of São Paulo.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with GC between 2000 and 2022 in qualified hospitals for cancer treatment were evaluated by data extracted from the hospital cancer registry.

LONG-TERM SURVIVAL AFTER LAPAROSCOPIC TOTAL GASTRECTOMY FOR EARLY AND ADVANCED GASTRIC CANCER. SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE IN 100 CASES.

Background: Laparoscopic gastrectomy offers advantages in the postoperative period compared to the open approach. Most studies have been performed on distal gastrectomies; however, laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) is not universally accepted. AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the results of LTG, on postoperative morbidity outcomes and long-term survival.

PROGNOSTIC MARKERS FOR THROMBOTIC EVENTS IN PATIENTS WITH GASTRIC OR COLORECTAL ADENOCARCINOMAS.

Background: The relationship between thrombosis and cancer is based on evidence that cancer promotes prothrombotic changes in the host hemostatic system. The activation of blood coagulation is closely linked to tumor growth and dissemination.

Aims: To evaluate whether quantifications of plasma circulation tumor deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and thrombin-antithrombin complex could act as predictors for thrombotic events and death in patients with gastric or colorectal adenocarcinomas, while also evaluating the Karnofsky Performance Status.

Summary of Evidence on Nutritional Management for Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy.

Objective: This paper aims to consolidate the most robust evidence on nutritional strategies for patients undergoing chemotherapy, offering evidence-based guidance for clinical practice. The review highlights critical evidence gaps in nutritional therapy for advanced gastric cancer (AGC) patients undergoing systemic therapy, integrating findings from both prospective and retrospective studies.

Method: According to the "6S" evidence resource pyramid model, clinical decision-making tools, guidelines, expert consensus, and systematic reviews on nutritional management for chemotherapy patients were systematically retrieved from national and international databases.