28,896 results match your criteria: "Gastroenteritis Bacterial"

Group A rotavirus (RVA) is a major cause of severe gastroenteritis in infants and young children globally, despite the availability of live-attenuated vaccines. Challenges such as limited efficacy in low-income regions, safety concerns for immunocompromised individuals, and cold-chain dependency necessitate alternative vaccine strategies. Subunit vaccines, which use specific viral proteins to elicit immunity, provide a safer and more adaptable approach.

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Non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae (NOVC) strains are a distinct group of Vibrio cholerae that do not cause epidemic cholera. NOVC infections usually cause mild forms of gastroenteritis, and rarely severe (extra)intestinal infections, mostly affecting immunocompromised patients. Here, we describe the clinical course of a patient with NOVC bacteremia causing multiple liver abscesses, after drinking from a freshwater well in a non-coastal area.

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Introduction: Helicobacter pylori exhibit considerable genetic diversity, especially in the cagA gene, which is prone to rearrangement, affecting gastric pathology. This study aims to identify changes in the cagA EPIYA motif patterns and gastric pathology during long-term colonization and to explore how factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, gender, and age influence these changes.

Methods: Paired formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) gastric biopsies from 100 H.

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[Mechanism of Huangqin Decoction in repairing intestinal barrier of ulcerative colitis by regulating tryptophan metabolism and activating AhR].

Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi

October 2024

the First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University Dongguan 523710, China the Second Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan 523808, China.

This study aims to elucidate the mechanism of Huangqin Decoction(HQD) in treating ulcerative colitis(UC) by investigating the relationship between tryptophan metabolism and intestinal barriers. In the in vivo experiments, 3% dextran sulfate sodium(DSS) was used to induce a mouse model of acute colitis, with mesalazine as a positive control. The therapeutic effect of HQD on mice with UC was evaluated according to body weight, disease activity index(DAI), colon length, and pathological changes.

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Purulent pericarditis is rare condition in the modern era of antibiotics. However, it is a serious condition as it has an accelerated progression and is difficult to diagnose due to its nonspecific clinical presentation, resulting in high mortality. Herein, we present a case in which a 36-year-old male patient with otherwise unremarkable medical history developed abdominal sepsis complicated by purulent pericarditis post-appendectomy.

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To achieve rapid and simultaneous detection of NoV GI, NoV GII, and HAV, a quadruple real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assay was developed using MS2 bacteriophage as a process control virus. The quadruple RT-qPCR assay effectively detected NoV GI, NoV GII, HAV, and MS2 RNA with detection limits of 10 copies/μL, 10 copies/μL, 10 copies/μL, and 10 copies/μL, respectively, within 1 hour 50 minutes. The quadruple RT-qPCR assay could specifically detect NoV GI, NoV GII, HAV, and MS2 without cross-reactions with other common pathogens, demonstrating good reproducibility with intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of variation all below 2.

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Liver abscess and splenic infarction due to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis bloodstream infection: a case report.

BMC Infect Dis

December 2024

The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province, 443000, China.

Background: Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is an emerging zoonotic intestinal pathogen primarily transmitted through contaminated food and water. Infections caused by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis are typically self-limiting, often presenting as gastroenteritis or "pseudoappendicitis," which is characterized by fever and abdominal pain. Although bloodstream infections with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis are rare, they can lead to multiple distant sites of infection, including abscesses in the liver, spleen, and kidneys, as well as in the hip and knee joints, particularly in individuals with underlying immunodeficiency.

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Objective: The foodborne pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium causes self-limiting gastroenteritis in humans and is difficult to eliminate due to its ability to adhere to surfaces and form biofilms that exhibit high resistance to antimicrobial agents. To explore alternative strategies for biofilm treatment, it is essential to investigate novel agents that inhibit Salmonella biofilms.

Method: In this study, we investigated the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations (MBICs) and minimum biofilm eradication concentrations (MBECs) of nafcillin and diosmin, both previously identified as Lon protease inhibitors, against biofilms formed by S.

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Bile acids (BAs) affect the growth of potentially pathogenic commensals, including those from the Enterobacteriaceae family, which are frequently overrepresented in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). BAs are normally reabsorbed in the ileum for recycling and are often increased in the colonic lumina of patients with IBD, including those with Crohn's disease (CD). Here, we investigated the influence of BAs on gut colonization by Enterobacteriaceae.

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Community pharmacists are frequently approached by patients seeking health advice for minor ailments, particularly for common childhood diseases like diarrhea. Globally, approximately two million children under five years of age die each year due to diarrhea, which remains a significant health concern, especially in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to assess the skills of community pharmacists in addressing and prescribing for simple viral diarrhea in children.

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Investigating the Immunomodulatory Impact of Fecal Bacterial Membrane Vesicles and Their IgA Coating Patterns in Crohn's Disease Patients.

Int J Mol Sci

December 2024

Department of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.

The human intestinal tract contains trillions of bacteria that coexist in a symbiotic relationship with human cells. Imbalances in this interaction can lead to disorders such as Crohn's disease (CD). Bacteria membrane vesicles (MVs), which are released by almost all bacteria, have been demonstrated to play a crucial role in bacteria-host interactions.

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Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are characterized by dysregulated immune responses and chronic tissue inflammation. In the setting of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) and gut microorganisms have been proved to interplay, potentially influenced by dietary factors. This rapid review aimed to study the DPP4-gut microbiome link in IBD.

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A Recombinant Strain Expressing ETEC Heat-Labile Enterotoxin B Subunit Shows Promise for Vaccine Development via OMVs.

Int J Mol Sci

November 2024

Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Navarra Medical Research Institute (IdiSNA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.

Diarrheal diseases caused by and enterotoxigenic (ETEC) are significant health burdens, especially in resource-limited regions with high child mortality. In response to the lack of licensed vaccines and rising antibiotic resistance for these pathogens, this study developed a recombinant strain with the novel incorporation of the gene for the heat-labile enterotoxin B (LTB) subunit of ETEC directly into 's genome, enhancing stability and consistent production. This approach combines the immunogenic potential of LTB with the antigen delivery properties of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), aiming to provide cross-protection against both bacterial pathogens in a stable, non-replicating vaccine platform.

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Unlabelled: Infectious gastroenteritis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in nations with middle and low incomes. In a pediatric gastroenteritis patient, the aim was to determine the therapeutic impact of using the Gastrointestinal Panel in our clinical practice. A single-center retrospective study was designed to evaluate children who were admitted to the hospital for gastroenteritis and had a gastrointestinal panel between August 2021 and January 2024.

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In this letter, we commented on the article by Wu . We examined the interactions between mesenteric adipose tissue, creeping fat, and gut microbiota in Crohn's disease (CD), a condition marked by chronic gastrointestinal inflammation with a rising global incidence. The pathogenesis of CD involves complex genetic, environmental, and microbial factors.

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Article Synopsis
  • Entamoeba histolytica is a parasite causing intestinal amebiasis, particularly prevalent in tropical areas and a major health issue in developing countries. Traditional diagnostic methods can cause delays in treatment, exacerbating patient conditions.
  • A case involving a 59-year-old HIV-positive man revealed how initial testing misdiagnosed his illness, but advanced diagnostics using the FilmArray GI Panel quickly identified E. histolytica in under an hour.
  • The successful and prompt treatment with antiamoebic drugs significantly improved the patient's health, highlighting the importance of rapid diagnosis in managing gastrointestinal infections effectively.
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Development and application of a quadruplex real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR assay for four porcine digestive pathogens.

Front Cell Infect Microbiol

December 2024

State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China.

Introduction: , , , and are the primary pathogens responsible for gastrointestinal diseases in pigs, posing a significant threat to the health and productivity of pig production systems. Pathogen detection is a crucial tool for monitoring and managing these infections.

Methods: We designed primers and probes targeting the gene of , the 23S gene of , the gene of , and the gene of .

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Rationale: Antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis (AAHC) is a special type of antibiotic-associated colitis. Due to the increased use of antibiotics, especially amoxicillin, which is commonly used in clinical practice, the incidence of antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis has also increased. However, doctors have insufficient understanding of this disease, and patients may be missed or misdiagnosed.

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is the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis and is a major public health concern worldwide. Despite its importance, our understanding of how causes diarrhoea and interacts with its hosts is limited due to the absence of appropriate infection models and established virulence factors found in other enteric pathogens. Additionally, despite its genetic diversity, non-pathogenic strains are unknown.

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Background: Few studies have evaluated antibiotic prescribing practices for bacterial enteric infections. Unnecessary antibiotics can result in adverse events and contribute to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. We assessed treatment practices among patients with laboratory-confirmed enteric infections in a regional healthcare system in Wisconsin, USA.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study investigates the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of two Congolese medicinal plants (CrasMon and CrasPic) traditionally used to treat bacterial gastroenteritis, utilizing various scientific tests such as disc diffusion and DPPH assays to assess their effectiveness.
  • - Results show that both plant extracts displayed significant antibacterial activity, with CrasPic exhibiting the strongest effects, while also demonstrating high antioxidant activity and a variety of beneficial phytochemicals like flavonoids and tannins.
  • - Toxicity testing indicated that both extracts have a high safety profile, with no detectable toxicity at doses up to 200 mg/kg, implying potential for safe medicinal use.
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The gut microbiota-independent virulence of noninvasive bacterial pathogen Citrobacter rodentium.

PLoS Pathog

December 2024

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.

Attaching and effacing (A/E) bacterial pathogens consist of human pathogens enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, enterohemorrhagic E. coli and their murine equivalent Citrobacter rodentium (CR). Emerging evidence suggests that the complex pathogen-microbiota-host interactions are critical in conferring A/E pathogen infection-induced severe symptoms and lethality in immunocompromised hosts; however, the precise underlying mechanisms remain enigmatic.

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Infection by human astrovirus (HAstV), a small, positive-strand RNA virus, is a major cause of gastroenteritis and has been implicated in an increasing number of severe, sometimes fatal, neurological diseases since 2008. Currently, there are no vaccines or antiviral treatments available to treat HAstV infection. An attractive target for antiviral therapeutics is the viral protease due to its essential functions throughout infection.

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Shigellosis, a diarrheal disease caused by Shigella species, is a significant public health concern, particularly in developing countries with inadequate sanitation systems. This study aimed to investigate the patterns of antibiotic resistance, ESBL and AmpC genes, integrons, and enterotoxin genes in Shigella species isolated from patients with gastroenteritis in Northeast Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2017 and December 2019 at a tertiary care hospital in Northeast Iran.

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