6,454 results match your criteria: "Gastric Carcinoma Imaging"

Objective: Dual-layer spectral detector CT (DLCT) has several advantages in clinical practice, this study aims to reveal the clinical applications of DLCT in digestive system diseases.

Materials And Methods: We searched PubMed and Cochrane Reviews for articles published from January 1, 2010 to May 31, 2024, using the terms "dual-layer spectral detector CT" or "dual-layer CT" combined with "hepatic fat" or "hepatic fibrosis" "hepatocellular carcinoma" or "pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma" or "pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors" or "gastric cancer" or "colorectal cancer" or "Crohn's disease" or "bowel ischemia" or "acute abdominal conditions".

Results: DLCT consists of a top layer sensitive to lower-energy photons and a bottom layer sensitive to higher-energy photons.

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Background: Hepatogastric fistula (HGF) is an uncommon occurrence that can be associated with various medical conditions. The primary causes typically involve peptic ulcer disease, infections (such as pyogenic, amoebic or tuberculosis), or iatrogenic factors (like post transarterial chemoembolization or radiotherapy). Massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage following HGF is extremely rare, with iodine-125 (I) seed migration to the stomach through HGF not previously documented.

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Trousseau syndrome-induced cerebral infarction: Two case reports.

Medicine (Baltimore)

December 2024

Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China.

Rationale: As a paraneoplastic syndrome, Trousseau syndrome (TS) is a collective term for various thromboembolic events caused by clotting and fibrinolytic abnormalities in patients with tumors, clinically manifesting as venous and arterial thromboembolism, as well as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The incidence rate of arterial thrombosis in patients with TS is 2% to 5%.

Patient Concerns: This article reports 2 patients with TS-induced cerebral infarction.

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Critical considerations for the management of gastrointestinal mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms and pure neuroendocrine carcinomas.

World J Gastrointest Oncol

December 2024

The 2 Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, Hippokration General Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece.

Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms constitute rare tumors that are located mainly in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and have high degrees of malignancy, and the frequency of these tumors has been increasing. They consist of a neuroendocrine neoplastic component with another component of adenocarcinoma usually and have a dismal prognosis. The rare GI pure neuroendocrine carcinoma is highly aggressive and requires complex and extensive management since a genetic distinction exists between it and GI non-neuroendocrine neoplasms, which are generally slow-growing lesions.

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Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms are currently thought to originate from distinct progenitor cells that cannot differentiate into each other. We present the first reported case of a combined pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour and neuroendocrine carcinoma in a 58-year-old man who was investigated for abdominal pain and constipation. Imaging revealed a large left upper quadrant mass infiltrating the pancreatic body and tail, splenic hilum, and posterior stomach wall, with five hepatic metastases.

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Purpose: This first-in-human study aimed to evaluate the radiation dosimetry and whole-body biodistribution of [F]AlF-NYM005, a novel small-molecule carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) targeting agent, and to investigate its ability to detect CAIX-positive tumors using PET scans in a cohort of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients.

Methods: [F]AlF-NYM005 was synthesized using a fully automatic cassette module Mortenon M1 (Nuoyu, China). Thirty-five patients with a suspicious lesion considered primary renal malignancy or a history of ccRCC were prospectively recruited and studied.

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NCF-1 plays a pivotal role in the survival of adenocarcinoma cells of pancreatic and gastric origins.

In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim

December 2024

Division of Tumor Pathology, NIR-PIT Research Institute, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a pivotal biological role in cells, with ROS function differing depending on cellular conditions and the extracellular environment. Notably, ROS act as cytotoxic factors to eliminate infectious pathogens or promote cell death under cellular stress, while also facilitating cell growth (via ROS-sensing pathways) by modifying gene expression. Among ROS-related genes, neutrophil cytosolic factor-1 (NCF-1; p47phox) was identified as a ROS generator in neutrophils.

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[Pancreatic cystic neoplasms: work-up and surveillance].

Praxis (Bern 1994)

November 2024

Abteilung für Gastroenterologie und Hepatologie, Stadtspital Zürich, Zürich

Whereas pancreatic masses are often difficult to detect with transabdominal ultrasound, cross-sectional imaging features high sensitivity for the pancreatic tumors. However, increasing availability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has led to a surge in the detection of benign or precancerous pancreatic lesions. The medical history is characteristic only for two entities.

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We report a case of patient with Stage IIIa Hepatocellular Carcinoma Complicated by Early Gastric Cancer. Although Stage IIIa liver cancer can be treated with surgery, the overall prognosis of surgery is not ideal. Alternatively, conversion therapy is reported with different effectiveness towards stage IIIa liver cancer.

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Purpose: A noninvasive method for evaluating the infiltration of CD8 T cells in tumors is urgently needed to monitor the response to immunotherapy. This study investigated the performance of a [Ga]Ga-NODAGA-SNA006 in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of CD8 T cells in patients with solid malignancies.

Methods: This human dose-escalation PET imaging study involved eleven patients (lung cancer, 8; gastric carcinoma, 1; esophageal carcinoma, 2).

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The rare coexistence of gastric and esophagus squamous cell carcinoma: a case report.

Pan Afr Med J

December 2024

Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Proctology Medicine B, Ibn Sina University Hospital Center, Mohamed V University of Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the stomach is a rare entity with fewer than 100 cases of primary SCC reported in the literature, while esophageal SCC is prevalent and more common. However, a synchronous squamous cell carcinoma found in the esophagus and stomach remains very uncommon. We present the case of a 64-year-old with a history of dysphagia who had an endoscopy that showed an impassable stenosis of the middle esophagus, with histopathology in favor of an esophagus squamous cell carcinoma.

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Review of Imaging Peritoneal Disease and Treatment.

Can Assoc Radiol J

December 2024

Abdominal Division, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Article Synopsis
  • Peritoneal disease is divided into benign and malignant categories, with malignant cases further classified into primary and secondary types, including conditions like peritoneal mesothelioma and peritoneal carcinomatosis.
  • Differentiating between benign and malignant peritoneal conditions is crucial, as this determines the course of treatment and helps avoid unnecessary procedures.
  • For patients with secondary malignant diseases like peritoneal carcinomatosis, cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) may offer a chance for cure, and radiologists play a key role in assessing disease extent and potential surgical issues.
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Article Synopsis
  • - The study focuses on the genetic and phenotypic diversity of liver cancer, analyzing CT images to identify different radiological patterns among types like hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), and colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) using unsupervised clustering.
  • - Researchers established a liver cancer radiomics signature (LCRS) that serves as an independent prognostic factor, indicating that patients in the LCRS-High group generally have worse survival outcomes but benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.
  • - The study also found that patients in the LCRS-Low group respond better to immune checkpoint inhibitors, and identified specific biological pathways like Notch signaling that are linked
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Rationale: Multiple primary cancer is common in clinical practice, but its diagnosis process is complicated, and relevant genetic testing is required to assist in diagnosis when necessary. The formulation of treatment strategies for multiple primary cancer is a highly personalized process. In this article, we introduce a case of a patient with rectal cancer and gastric cancer who was diagnosed with multiple primary cancers, to investigate and explore the clinical application value of next-generation sequencing (NGS) testing in patients with multiple primary gastric and colorectal cancers.

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Identification of serum N-glycans signatures in three major gastrointestinal cancers by high-throughput N-glycome profiling.

Clin Proteomics

November 2024

The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyudong Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430074, China.

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White light imaging (WLI) can sometimes miss early upper gastrointestinal (UGI) neoplasms, particularly minimal changes and flat lesions. Moreover, endoscopic diagnosis of UGI neoplasia is strongly influenced by the condition of the surrounding mucosa. Recently, image-enhanced endoscopy techniques have been developed and used in clinical practice; one of which is linked color imaging (LCI), which has an expanded color range for better recognition of slight differences in mucosal color and enables easy diagnosis and differentiation of noncancerous mucosa from carcinoma.

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Managing crawling-type gastric adenocarcinoma with endoscopic techniques and postoperative monitoring.

World J Gastroenterol

November 2024

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology/Medical Engineering Integration Laboratory of Digestive Endoscopy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China.

Article Synopsis
  • Crawling-type gastric adenocarcinoma is a rare and complex form of gastric cancer that is hard to diagnose and treat because its lesions are flat and poorly defined.
  • Advanced methods like narrow-band imaging and endoscopic ultrasonography help in detecting it, but endoscopic submucosal dissection carries risks of incomplete removal of the cancer.
  • Continuous monitoring after surgery is essential even with negative resection margins, emphasizing the need for refined diagnostic standards and personalized treatment plans for better management of this subtype.
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Background: Gastric carcinomas (GC) are aggressive malignancies, and only ~15% of patients respond to anti-programmed cell death (ligand) 1 (PD-(L)1) monotherapy. However, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated GCs (~5-10% of GCs) often harbor PD-L1 and PD-L2 chromosomal amplifications and robust CD8+ T cell infiltrates, and respond at a high rate to anti-PD-1. The current study compares the tumor immune microenvironments (TiMEs) of EBV+ versus EBV(-) GCs.

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Objective: To study the prevalence of synchronous oesophageal cancer in patients with head and neck cancers using Narrow Band Imaging and Lugol's chromoendoscopy.

Materials And Methods: Study design: Prospective cross sectional diagnostic study. Method: 63 recruited patients with head and neck cancers, underwent haematologic evaluation, histological confirmation, imaging which included contrast enhanced computerised tomography(CECT) of the Neck and when indicated an additional Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI) scan followed by UGI endoscopy using white light followed by Narrow Band Imaging(NBI) and Lugol's chromoendoscopy(LCE).

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This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic efficacy of [Ga]Ga-NYM046 PET/CT in animal models and patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and to compare its performance with that of F-FDG PET/CT. The in vivo biodistribution of [Ga]Ga-NYM046 was evaluated in mice bearing OS-RC-2 xenografts. Twelve patients with ccRCC were included in the study; all completed paired [Ga]Ga-NYM046 PET/CT and F-FDG PET/CT.

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Background: The limited curative effect of PD-L1/PD-1 blockades presents challenges to immunotherapy for advanced gastric cancer. We have found that methionine restriction (MR) enhances the drug resistance of gastric carcinoma cells. We aimed to explore whether MR can enhance the efficacy of PD-L1/PD-1 blockades in gastric cancer.

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The mainstay of treatment for superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome involves aggressive enteral feeding distal to the area of obstruction. We present a case of palliative endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided gastrojejunostomy as management of SMA syndrome in a patient with concomitant metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Following the procedure, our patient demonstrated significantly improved tolerance of oral intake.

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The patient was a 73-year-old man who had undergone surgery for gastric cancer in January 2020 and was subsequently attending an outpatient clinic. In May, he presented with right upper abdominal pain. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed an intraparenchymal rupture of a pseudoaneurysm in a segmental branch of the hepatic artery, and a transcatheter arterial embolization was performed.

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Objective: To develop diagnostic models for differentiating gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma (g-NEC) and gastric mixed adeno-neuroendocrine carcinoma (g-MANEC) from gastric adenocarcinoma (g-ADC) based on traditional contrast enhanced CT imaging features and radiomics features.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 90 g-(MA)NEC (g-MANEC and g-NEC) patients matched 1:1 by T-stage with 90 g-ADC patients. Traditional CT features were analyzed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression.

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