Unraveling the interplay of CD8 + T cells and microRNA signaling in cancer: implications for immune dysfunction and therapeutic approaches.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) emerge as critical regulators of CD8 + T cell function within the complex tumor microenvironment (TME). This review explores the multifaceted interplay between miRNAs and CD8 + T cells across various cancers. We discuss how specific miRNAs influence CD8 + T cell activation, recruitment, infiltration, and effector function.

Research trends and hotspots in gastric carcinoma associated exosome: a bibliometric analysis.

Background: Stomach cancer is considered the fifth most common cancer worldwide. This study utilized bibliometric analysis to construct a visualization map of the relationship between stomach cancer and exosomes, aiming to reveal research trends and emerging themes, and provide direction for future research.

Method: Retrieve relevant literature on gastric cancer exosomes in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) over the past 25 years according to search criteria, and conduct bibliometric and visualization analysis using bibliometric software VOSviewer and CiteSpace.

The clinical applications of dual-layer spectral detector CT in digestive system diseases.

Objective: Dual-layer spectral detector CT (DLCT) has several advantages in clinical practice, this study aims to reveal the clinical applications of DLCT in digestive system diseases.

Materials And Methods: We searched PubMed and Cochrane Reviews for articles published from January 1, 2010 to May 31, 2024, using the terms "dual-layer spectral detector CT" or "dual-layer CT" combined with "hepatic fat" or "hepatic fibrosis" "hepatocellular carcinoma" or "pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma" or "pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors" or "gastric cancer" or "colorectal cancer" or "Crohn's disease" or "bowel ischemia" or "acute abdominal conditions".

Results: DLCT consists of a top layer sensitive to lower-energy photons and a bottom layer sensitive to higher-energy photons.

PROGNOSTIC MARKERS FOR THROMBOTIC EVENTS IN PATIENTS WITH GASTRIC OR COLORECTAL ADENOCARCINOMAS.

Background: The relationship between thrombosis and cancer is based on evidence that cancer promotes prothrombotic changes in the host hemostatic system. The activation of blood coagulation is closely linked to tumor growth and dissemination.

Aims: To evaluate whether quantifications of plasma circulation tumor deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and thrombin-antithrombin complex could act as predictors for thrombotic events and death in patients with gastric or colorectal adenocarcinomas, while also evaluating the Karnofsky Performance Status.

Comprehensive analysis of PDE2A: a novel biomarker for prognostic value and immunotherapeutic potential in human cancers.

Phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A) plays a pivotal role in modulating cyclic nucleotide metabolism. Recent studies have shown that PDE2A is associated with some tumors, but its expression profiles, prognostic significance, and immunological roles in diverse cancer types remain unclear. Utilizing advanced bioinformatics tools, we performed a comprehensive analysis of PDE2A gene expression in multiple human cancers.

Gastric Carcinomas and Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS): A Report of Two Cases.

Stomach cancer remains a significant cause of mortality, as most patients are diagnosed at advanced stages. The primary method for diagnosis is endoscopy, along with tissue acquisition, supplemented by endoscopic ultrasound or computed tomography for disease staging. While point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is now firmly integrated into clinical practice, it is still not widely utilized.

Massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage and iodine-125 seed migration due to hepatogastric fistula: a case report and literature review.

Background: Hepatogastric fistula (HGF) is an uncommon occurrence that can be associated with various medical conditions. The primary causes typically involve peptic ulcer disease, infections (such as pyogenic, amoebic or tuberculosis), or iatrogenic factors (like post transarterial chemoembolization or radiotherapy). Massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage following HGF is extremely rare, with iodine-125 (I) seed migration to the stomach through HGF not previously documented.

Continuous prediction for tumor mutation burden based on transcriptional data in gastrointestinal cancers.

Background: Tumor mutation burden (TMB) has been considered a biomarker for utilization of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs), but whole exome sequencing(WES) and cancer gene panel(CGP) based on next generation sequencing for TMB detection are costly. Here, we use transcriptome data of TCGA to construct a model for TMB prediction in gastrointestinal tumors.

Methods: Transcriptome data, somatic mutation data and clinical data of four gastrointestinal tumors from TCGA, including esophageal cancer (ESCA), stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) and rectal adenocarcinoma (READ).

[Analysis of prognostic risk factors for patients with locally advanced gastric cancer in the stage ypT0~2N0M0 after neoadjuvant chemotherapy].

To analyze the long-term prognosis of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer in the stage of ypT0~2N0M0 after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The clinical data of 78 patients with locally advanced gastric cancer who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical resection at ypT0~2N0M0 stage from January 2012 to December 2019 in the Department of Abdominal Surgery/Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery of the Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were retrospectively analyzed. Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the overall survival and disease-free survival, and the survival difference between patients with postoperative ypT0N0M0 and ypT1~2N0M0 was compared.

Predictive significance of MPT-driven necrosis-related genes signature in gastric cancer and their impact on the tumor microenvironment.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) presents significant management challenges. MPT-driven necrosis (MPTDN) plays a significant role in various conditions, but its connection with GC is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the predictive significance of MPTDN-related genes (MPTDNRGs) in GC and their effect on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME).

Dual-energy CT for predicting serosal invasion in gastric cancer and subtype analysis.

Purpose: To predict the serosal invasion of gastric cancer (GC) using dual-energy CT (DECT)-based parameters and analyze the diagnostic performance according to different subtypes.

Methods: The patients were divided into the T1-3 group and T4a group. The irregular region of interest (ROI) was manually delineated on the largest cross-section of the lesion.

A Novel Intersection: Cytomegalovirus Gastritis Following Cemiplimab and Talimogene Laherparepvec in a Patient With Advanced Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation is a rare complication in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), typically occurring after immunosuppressive therapy for immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Here, we report a unique case of severe CMV gastritis in a patient receiving cemiplimab, an anti-PD-1 antibody, and talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC), an oncolytic virus, without prior irAEs or immunosuppressive treatment. A 63-year-old man with advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma received cemiplimab for one year and a single T-VEC injection for recurrent disease.

Trousseau syndrome-induced cerebral infarction: Two case reports.

Rationale: As a paraneoplastic syndrome, Trousseau syndrome (TS) is a collective term for various thromboembolic events caused by clotting and fibrinolytic abnormalities in patients with tumors, clinically manifesting as venous and arterial thromboembolism, as well as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The incidence rate of arterial thrombosis in patients with TS is 2% to 5%.

Patient Concerns: This article reports 2 patients with TS-induced cerebral infarction.

The Aging Stomach: Clinical Implications of Infection in Older Adults-Challenges and Strategies for Improved Management.

Aging is a multifactorial biological process characterized by a decline in physiological function and increasing susceptibility to various diseases, including malignancies and gastrointestinal disorders. Helicobacter pylori () infection is highly prevalent among older adults, particularly those in institutionalized settings, contributing to conditions such as atrophic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric carcinoma. This review examines the intricate interplay between aging, gastrointestinal changes, and pathogenesis.

Mixed Pancreatobiliary Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising from an Ectopic Pancreas in a Gastric Duplication Cyst-A Rare Double Diagnosis.

Gastric duplication cysts (GDCs) are rare congenital anomalies, often identified during infancy or childhood. Although typically benign, there have been sporadic reports of malignant transformations, including adenocarcinoma and rare mixed tumors. Herein, we describe a rare case of mixed pancreatobiliary ductal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma occurring within a GDC in a 54-year-old Korean woman with a history of melena and hematemesis.

Pre-Surgical Endoscopic Biopsies Are Representative of Esophageal and Esophago-Gastric Junction Adenocarcinoma Histologic Classes and Survival Risk.

The Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Study Group Europe (EACSGE) recently proposed a granular histologic classification of esophageal-esophago-gastric junctional adenocarcinomas (EA-EGJAs) based on the study of naïve surgically resected specimens that, when combined with the pTNM stage, is an efficient indicator of prognosis, molecular events, and response to treatment. In this study, we compared histologic classes of endoscopic biopsies taken before surgical resection with those of the surgical specimen, to evaluate the potential of the EACSGE classification at the initial diagnostic workup. A total of 106 EA-EGJA cases with available endoscopic biopsies and matched surgical resection specimens were retrieved from five Italian institutions.

DNA Methylation Panels for the Differentiation of Lung and Gastric Adenocarcinomas from Other Common Primary Adenocarcinomas.

: Gastric and lung adenocarcinomas are among the most common adenocarcinomas worldwide. Our research aimed to validate methylation biomarkers that differentiate gastric and lung adenocarcinomas from hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, pancreatic adenocarcinoma and paired healthy tissues. : The study analyzed 178 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples, including 14 gastric adenocarcinomas, 15 lung adenocarcinomas, 15 hepatocellular carcinomas, 15 cholangiocarcinomas, 15 colorectal carcinomas, 15 pancreatic adenocarcinomas and their paired healthy tissues.

Characterization of gastric/gastrointestinal-like immunophenotypes in endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinomas, including endometrioid adenocarcinomas with mucinous differentiation.

Endometrial mucinous carcinoma of the gastric [gastrointestinal] type (MCG) is a rare, possibly aggressive subtype of endometrial cancer that should be distinguished from its potential mimics, including endometrioid carcinoma (EEC). Herein, we assess the frequency of gastric and gastrointestinal immunophenotypes in EEC without any discernible gastric/gastrointestinal-type morphology. Immunohistochemical analyses for KRT(CK)7, KRT20, CDX2, ER, SATB2, MUC6, PAX8, and HIK1083 were performed on 81 EEC, inclusive of consecutively archived low grade [with (n = 22) and without (n = 47) mucinous differentiation] and high grade (n = 12) cases.

Gastric Cytology: A Supplement to Early Diagnosis of Gastric Malignancies.

Introduction: Gastric malignancies are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally. Rapid accurate interpretation of gastric cytology aids in early diagnosis and management. This study evaluates the utility of gastric cytology in diagnosing gastric malignancies.

Critical considerations for the management of gastrointestinal mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms and pure neuroendocrine carcinomas.

Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms constitute rare tumors that are located mainly in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and have high degrees of malignancy, and the frequency of these tumors has been increasing. They consist of a neuroendocrine neoplastic component with another component of adenocarcinoma usually and have a dismal prognosis. The rare GI pure neuroendocrine carcinoma is highly aggressive and requires complex and extensive management since a genetic distinction exists between it and GI non-neuroendocrine neoplasms, which are generally slow-growing lesions.

The first case of combined pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour and neuroendocrine carcinoma.

Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms are currently thought to originate from distinct progenitor cells that cannot differentiate into each other. We present the first reported case of a combined pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour and neuroendocrine carcinoma in a 58-year-old man who was investigated for abdominal pain and constipation. Imaging revealed a large left upper quadrant mass infiltrating the pancreatic body and tail, splenic hilum, and posterior stomach wall, with five hepatic metastases.

Evaluation of the safety, biodistribution, dosimetry of [F]AlF-NYM005 and initial experience in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: an interim analysis of a prospective trial.

Purpose: This first-in-human study aimed to evaluate the radiation dosimetry and whole-body biodistribution of [F]AlF-NYM005, a novel small-molecule carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) targeting agent, and to investigate its ability to detect CAIX-positive tumors using PET scans in a cohort of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients.

Methods: [F]AlF-NYM005 was synthesized using a fully automatic cassette module Mortenon M1 (Nuoyu, China). Thirty-five patients with a suspicious lesion considered primary renal malignancy or a history of ccRCC were prospectively recruited and studied.

High dose of ascorbic acid induces selective cell growth inhibition and cell death in human gastric signet-ring cell carcinoma-derived NUGC-4 cells.

Anticancer effects of high-dose vitamin C (VC) have been evaluated on many cancer cell lines, and its efficacy in clinical trials and in combination with anticancer drugs or radiation have been reported; however, its effect on gastric cancer and its mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, the cell growth inhibitory/lethal effects of high-dose ascorbic acid (AsA), a reduced form of VC was examined on three gastric cancer cell lines. Of these, signet ring cell carcinoma NUGC-4 cells were the most sensitive, but the effects were small and limited in normal cells.