and Rosmarinic Acid Suppress the Growth and Metastasis of Gastric Cancer AGS Cells by Promoting Apoptosis and Inhibiting EMT.

Gastric cancer (GC) ranks as the fifth most prevalent cancer globally. Owing to the absence of early manifest symptoms, it is difficult to diagnose GC until it has metastasized to other organs. Hence, the prevention and treatment of GC have become major concerns for patients.

Machine Learning Integration with Single-Cell Transcriptome Sequencing Datasets Reveals the Impact of Tumor-Associated Neutrophils on the Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapy Outcomes in Gastric Cancer.

The characteristics of neutrophils play a crucial role in defining the tumor inflammatory environment. However, the function of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) in tumor immunity and their response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remains incompletely understood. By analyzing single-cell RNA sequencing data from over 600,000 cells in gastric cancer (GSE163558 and GSE183904), colorectal cancer (GSE205506), and lung cancer (GSE207422), we identified neutrophil subsets in primary gastric cancer that are associated with the treatment response to ICIs.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles (CM-AgNPs) from the Root of for Improving the Cytotoxicity Effect in Cancer Cells with Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities.

The unique properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), such as size, surface charge, and the ability to release silver ions, contribute to DNA damage, inducing of oxidative stress, and apoptosis in cancer cells. Thus, the potential application of AgNPs in the field of biomedicine, and cancer therapy are rapidly increasing day by day. Therefore, in this study, AgNPs were synthesized by extract of , and then the synthesized CM-AgNPs were fully characterized.

Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) Score as Prognostic Indicator in Stage IV Gastric Cancer with Chronic Intestinal Failure.

Unlabelled: The management of chronic intestinal failure (CIF) secondary to advanced gastric cancer poses clinical challenges. This study explores the correlation between the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) index and survival in patients with TNM stage IV gastric cancer on home parenteral nutrition (HPN).

Methods: From 2015 to 2023, 410 patients (37% women, 63% men) with CIF due to advanced gastric cancer were assessed using CONUT scores, BMI, and biochemical tests.

Gender-Specific Malnutrition and Muscle Depletion in Gastric and Colorectal Cancer: Role of Dietary Intake in a Jordanian Cohort.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess malnutrition and muscle mass depletion risk in gastrointestinal cancer patients, exploring the differences between gastric and colorectal cancer, with a focus on gender0specific variations and dietary intake. It also examined whether muscle depletion mediates the relationship between dietary intake and malnutrition risk.

Methods: A sample of 100 Jordanian pre-operative gastrointestinal cancer patients (60 male, 40 female) with gastric or colorectal cancer were assessed for malnutrition risk using the malnutrition universal screening tool (MUST) and for muscle depletion using fat-free mass index (FFMI) and mid-upper arm muscle area (MUAMA).

Visualization of Stress Fiber Formation Induced by Photodynamic Therapy with Porphylipoprotein.

We investigated stress fiber formation induced by photodynamic therapy (PDT) with porphylipoprotein (PLP) by observing actin filaments by super-resolution confocal microscopy and measuring the cellular elastic modulus by atomic force microscopy. We identified different intracellular mechanisms of stress fiber formation between RGM1 epithelial cells, which were derived from rat gastric mucosa, and RGK1 cells, which were cancer-like mutants of RGM1. Our findings show that when PLP is used as a photosensitizer in PDT, it selectively induces necrosis in tumors with minimal impact on the surrounding normal tissues, as it is less likely to cause blood flow obstruction.

Validation of Artificial Intelligence Computer-Aided Detection on Gastric Neoplasm in Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.

Background/objectives: Gastric cancer ranks fifth for incidence and fourth in the leading causes of mortality worldwide. In this study, we aimed to validate previously developed artificial intelligence (AI) computer-aided detection (CADe) algorithm, called ALPHAON in detecting gastric neoplasm.

Methods: We used the retrospective data of 500 still images, including 5 benign gastric ulcers, 95 with gastric cancer, and 400 normal images.

Minimally Invasive Versus Open Distal Gastrectomy for Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer: Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomized Trials.

Background: Minimally invasive distal gastrectomy (MIDG) has been shown to be associated with improved short-term outcomes compared to open distal gastrectomy (ODG) in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC). The impact of MIDG on long-term patient survival remains debated. Aim was to compare the MIDG vs.

Gut Microbiome Changes After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Surgery in Patients with Gastric Cancer.

Background/objectives: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by radical gastrectomy is the current standard approach for locally advanced gastric cancer (GC) in the West. Both NAC and gastrectomy can significantly influence the gut microbiome, potentially leading to clinically significant changes. However, no longitudinal studies to date support this hypothesis.

Pre-Surgical Endoscopic Biopsies Are Representative of Esophageal and Esophago-Gastric Junction Adenocarcinoma Histologic Classes and Survival Risk.

The Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Study Group Europe (EACSGE) recently proposed a granular histologic classification of esophageal-esophago-gastric junctional adenocarcinomas (EA-EGJAs) based on the study of naïve surgically resected specimens that, when combined with the pTNM stage, is an efficient indicator of prognosis, molecular events, and response to treatment. In this study, we compared histologic classes of endoscopic biopsies taken before surgical resection with those of the surgical specimen, to evaluate the potential of the EACSGE classification at the initial diagnostic workup. A total of 106 EA-EGJA cases with available endoscopic biopsies and matched surgical resection specimens were retrieved from five Italian institutions.

Perioperative Treatment in Gastric Cancer: A Fast-Changing Field.

Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer worldwide and its incidence is rising. Surgery is the only curative strategy and its association with perioperative chemotherapy is now standard treatment for most resectable tumors. Despite treatment advances, disease relapse is high, even in early stages, and continued improvement in curative treatment is imperative.

DNA Methylation Panels for the Differentiation of Lung and Gastric Adenocarcinomas from Other Common Primary Adenocarcinomas.

: Gastric and lung adenocarcinomas are among the most common adenocarcinomas worldwide. Our research aimed to validate methylation biomarkers that differentiate gastric and lung adenocarcinomas from hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, pancreatic adenocarcinoma and paired healthy tissues. : The study analyzed 178 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples, including 14 gastric adenocarcinomas, 15 lung adenocarcinomas, 15 hepatocellular carcinomas, 15 cholangiocarcinomas, 15 colorectal carcinomas, 15 pancreatic adenocarcinomas and their paired healthy tissues.

Prevalence of Abnormalities at Tandem Endoscopy in Patients Referred for Colorectal Cancer Screening/Surveillance Colonoscopy.

Performing a tandem endoscopy and colonoscopy in selected individuals has advantages, such as the early detection of benign and/or precancerous foregut diseases; it is efficient, and it may allow added therapies. It may also have disadvantages, such as generating anxiety from false-positive screening, possible harm from further testing, and unproven cost-effectiveness. We aimed to examine the prevalence of foregut endoscopic and histologic abnormalities in subjects referred for screening/surveillance colonoscopy who also underwent a tandem endoscopy.

In Silico Design of Peptide Inhibitors Targeting HER2 for Lung Cancer Therapy.

Background/objectives: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is overexpressed in several malignancies, such as breast, gastric, ovarian, and lung cancers, where it promotes aggressive tumor proliferation and unfavorable prognosis. Targeting HER2 has thus emerged as a crucial therapeutic strategy, particularly for HER2-positive malignancies. The present study focusses on the design and optimization of peptide inhibitors targeting HER2, utilizing machine learning to identify and enhance peptide candidates with elevated binding affinities.

Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA) Dynamics Predict Early Response to Treatment in Metastasized Gastroesophageal Cancer (mGEC) After 2 Weeks of Systemic Treatment.

Unlabelled: mGEC is associated with poor overall survival (OS) of approximately 4-10 months. CtDNA is emerging as a promising prognostic biomarker with high potential for early relapse detection. However, until now, there was little knowledge on serial ctDNA detection and its impact on early treatment evaluation and prognosis in mGEC.

The Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A121/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A165 Ratio as a Predictor of the Therapeutic Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Gastric Cancer.

Background/objectives: The response rate to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is limited. Further, there is a need to discover biomarkers to predict therapeutic efficacy. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is strongly associated with intra-tumoral immunity; however, its utility as a marker remains unknown.

Declining Clinical Utility of Tools for Predicting Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Status: A Single Institution Experience from 2000 to 2021.

Introduction: Clinicopathologic data-based sentinel lymph node (SLN) prediction models are used to select patients with melanoma for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). However, the temporal performance of these models is unknown. Therefore, we investigated whether the performance and clinical utility of the Melanoma Institute of Australia, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and Friedman et al.

Clinical Value of Nomograms Integrating Circulating Lipid and Inflammation Risk Score in Predicting Long-Term Outcomes After Radical Gastrectomy in Gastric Cancer: A Multicenter Real-World Study.

Background: The clinical value of incorporating lipid and inflammatory factors to predict long-term survival in patients with gastric cancer (GC) is unreported. This study aimed to investigate the clinical value of nomograms integrating the Circulating Lipid and Inflammation Risk Score (CLIRS) for predicting the long-term outcome of patients with GC.

Methods: A retrospective analysis included patients with GC who underwent radical resection at four tertiary medical centers.

Characterization of gastric/gastrointestinal-like immunophenotypes in endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinomas, including endometrioid adenocarcinomas with mucinous differentiation.

Endometrial mucinous carcinoma of the gastric [gastrointestinal] type (MCG) is a rare, possibly aggressive subtype of endometrial cancer that should be distinguished from its potential mimics, including endometrioid carcinoma (EEC). Herein, we assess the frequency of gastric and gastrointestinal immunophenotypes in EEC without any discernible gastric/gastrointestinal-type morphology. Immunohistochemical analyses for KRT(CK)7, KRT20, CDX2, ER, SATB2, MUC6, PAX8, and HIK1083 were performed on 81 EEC, inclusive of consecutively archived low grade [with (n = 22) and without (n = 47) mucinous differentiation] and high grade (n = 12) cases.

Kynureninase induce cuproptosis resistance in gastric cancer progression through downregulating lipotic acid synthetase mediated non-canonical mechanism.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is among the most malignant tumors, with the lowest five-year survival rate, and limited treatment options. Kynureninase (KYNU), is a key molecule in tryptophan metabolism and promotes tumor progression and immunosuppression. Cuproptosis is a non-apoptotic cell death mechanism, primarily due to oxidative stress caused by copper ion accumulation, that is related to tumor progression and drug resistance.

Electrochemical immunoassay for gastric cancer biomarker pepsinogen I detection based on PdAgPt/MoS2.

This study presents a novel electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of pepsinogen I, a potential biomarker for gastric cancer, based on a PdAgPt/MoS2 nanocomposite. The nanocomposite was synthesized and characterized, demonstrating enhanced electron transfer properties and a large electroactive surface area. The optimized immunosensor exhibited a wide linear range of 0.

Rabeprazole inhibits lung cancer progression by triggering NLRP3/CASP-1/caspase-dependent pyroptosis.

Background: Gastric acid-related diseases could be treated using proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), which have been found to have anti-tumor ability. Rabeprazole is a type of PPI whose effect and mechanism in lung cancer remained to be clarified.

Methods: Lung cancer cells and lung cancer mice were treated with different concentrations of Rabeprazole and then cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 and colony formation assays.

Spatiotemporal Mapping of Lymphatic Metastases in Gastric Cancer Using Tumor-Trackable and Enzyme-Activatable Near-Infrared Fluorescent Nanoprobes.

Sentinel lymph node biopsy holds significant importance in cancer management, yet the challenge persists in early detection and precise resection of metastasis lymph nodes (LNs) due to the absence of specific and sensitive optical probes. This study reports metastatic LN reporters (MLRs) with an activatable optical output for accurate spatiotemporal mapping of lymphatic metastases in gastric cancer. MLRs are self-assembled entities incorporating mixed amphiphiles with a lipophilic tail and a tumor-targeting ligand or a fluorescent moiety that is caged with a switch cleavable by tumor-specific β-galactosidase (β-Gal).