Synthetic bacterial consortia transplantation attenuates vaginal inflammation and modulates the immune response in a mouse model of Gardnerella vaginalis-induced bacterial vaginosis.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of synthetic bacterial consortia transplantation (SBCT) and compare it with VMT (vaginal microbiota transplantation) in a mouse model of -induced Bacterial vaginosis (BV). A murine model of -induced BV was established, and mice were treated with SBCT, VMT, or saline. Histopathological changes, inflammatory cytokine levels, pro-inflammatory biomarker expression, helper T cell transcription factor expression, and vaginal microbiota composition were assessed.

Sexually transmitted infections in the middle east and North Africa: comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Globally, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) collectively cause 2.3 million deaths and 1.2 million cases of cancer annually.

Immunometabolic Contributions of Atopobiaceae Family Members in Human Papillomavirus Infection, Cervical Dysplasia and Cancer.

Background: In the cervicovaginal environment, HPV acquisition and cervical cancer progression are linked to non-Lactobacillus dominance, of which Atopobiaceae are key taxa. We hypothesize that Atopobiaceae modulates the cervicovaginal microenvironment to promote HPV persistence and progression to cancer. However, the extent to which Atopobiaceae impact the immunometabolic microenvironment is poorly understood.

Use of an Ethinyl Estradiol/Etonogestrel Vaginal Ring Alters Vaginal Microbial Communities in Women with HIV.

Background: HIV-1 antiretroviral therapy (ART) alters hormonal contraceptive levels delivered via intravaginal ring (IVR) in a regimen specific manner. We explored the role of the IVR on vaginal microbial communities, vaginal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), vaginal HIV shedding, and the effect of vaginal microbes on hormone concentrations in cisgender women with HIV (WWH).

Methods: Vaginal microbes were assessed by 16S RNA sequencing of weekly vaginal swabs, vaginal SCFA by mass spectrometry, HIV-1 shedding by nucleic acid amplification on vaginal aspirates, and bacterial vaginosis by Nugent scoring from 74 participants receiving an etonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol (ENG/EE) intravaginal ring while on no ART (N=25), efavirenz-based ART (N=25), or atazanavir-based ART (N=24).

Extracellular Traps in Patients Diagnosed With Bacterial Vaginosis, Trichomoniasis, Candidiasis, Noninfectious Vaginitis and Cytolytic Vaginosis.

Vaginal infections are a public health problem associated with serious health complications due to the exacerbated inflammation they generate. Vaginal inflammation may also occur in some noninfectious processes, such as noninfectious vaginitis and cytolytic vaginosis. Immune system cells respond to infections through various mechanisms, such as the formation of extracellular traps (ETs), which are DNA networks associated with effector proteins.

Altered Endometrial Microbiota Profile Is Associated With Poor Endometrial Receptivity of Repeated Implantation Failure.

Purpose: To gain insight into the endometrial pathophysiology of unexplained repeated implantation failure (RIF), we examined the characteristics of genital tract microbiota and explored the correlation between the microbiota and endometrial receptivity.

Methods: Vaginal secretion (VS) and endometrial biopsy (EB) samples were collected from patients with RIF (RIF group, n = 32) and those with infertility who had achieved pregnancy during their initial embryo transfer cycle (control group, n = 18). 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing and quantitative PCR were performed to characterize the microbiota of the two groups.

Efficacy and safety of different drugs for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Objective: Bacterial vaginosis is a disease caused by vaginal microecology disorder, which seriously affects female health. At present, there are many drugs to treat BV, and this study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of multiple drugs for BV through a network meta-analysis (NMA).

Methods: All studies were sourced from PubMed and Embase databases from the establishment date to April 13, 2023.

Comparative efficacy of oral and vaginal probiotics in reducing the recurrence of bacterial vaginosis: a double-blind clinical trial.

Objective: The primary goal of this study is to discern the optimal adjuvant treatment for patients diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis, focusing on reducing recurrence rates.

Methods: This study is a double-blind clinical trial with no previous similar trials conducted to date. The study population consisted of non-pregnant, married women visiting teaching hospitals' clinics in Mashhad, complaining of vaginal discharge.

A Multi-Strain Oral Probiotic Improves the Balance of the Vaginal Microbiota in Women with Asymptomatic Bacterial Vaginosis: Preliminary Evidence.

Background/objectives: the vaginal microbiota is known to confer protection in the genital ecosystem, due to the predominance of different species, playing a crucial role in women's health; alterations in the composition of the microbial communities in the vagina can be associated with the development of bacterial vaginosis (BV). Current therapy for BV involves oral or intravaginal administration of metronidazole or clindamycin, albeit the high recurrence rates suggest a need for alternative therapeutic tools, such as probiotics. Herein, the diversity and composition of vaginal microbiota in women with asymptomatic BV was investigated before and after the oral administration of a multi-strain probiotic formulation.

A New Real-Time PCR Test (Flora Select™) and Nugent Score for the Diagnosis of Bacterial Vaginosis During Pregnancy.

This prospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the performance of Flora select™ (FS), a newly developed real-time PCR test, for the assessment of the vaginal microbiome during early pregnancy. Five hundred and fifty-six pregnant women underwent examinations of FS, Nugent score-a Gram-staining scoring system for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV)-and conventional bacterial culture between 8 weeks and 12 gestational weeks. Nugent scores of 0-3, 4-6, and ≥7 were found in 469 (84.

Microbiome and bladder cancer: the role of probiotics in treatment.

Bladder cancer (BCa) remains a significant global health challenge, with increasing interest in the role of the bladder microbiome in its pathogenesis, progression and treatment outcomes. The complex relationship between bladder cancer and the microbiome, as well as the potential impact of probiotics on treatment effectiveness, is currently under investigation. Research suggests that the microbiota may influence BCa recurrence prevention and enhance the efficacy of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine.

Reassessing the association between bacterial vaginosis and preterm birth: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: For the past three decades, researchers have proposed an association between bacterial vaginosis (BV) and preterm birth. This association has been questioned since treating BV with antibiotics during pregnancy hasn't led to a decreased risk of preterm birth.

Objective: To re-assess the connection between BV and preterm birth by reviewing existing literature.

Scoping Review of Microbiota Dysbiosis and Risk of Preeclampsia.

Limited studies have investigated the role of the microbiota in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), particularly preeclampsia, which often results in preterm birth. We evaluated 23 studies that explored the relationship between gut, vaginal, oral, or placental microbiotas and HDP. Scopus, ProQuest Health Research Premium Collection, ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Database, EBSCO, and Ovid were searched for relevant literature.

Multiplex antimicrobial activities of the self-assembled amphiphilic polypeptide β nanofiber KF-5 against vaginal pathogens.

Background: Vaginal infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens such as Candida albicans and Gardnerella spp. represent a significant health challenge. Current treatments often fail because of resistance and toxicity.

Vaginal lactobacilli produce anti-inflammatory β-carboline compounds.

The optimal vaginal microbiome is a Lactobacillus-dominant community. Apart from Lactobacillus iners, the presence of Lactobacillus species is associated with reduced vaginal inflammation and reduced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Loss of Lactobacillus-dominance is associated with inflammatory conditions, such as bacterial vaginosis (BV).

Effects of Dietary Quality on Vaginal Microbiome Composition Throughout Pregnancy in a Multi-Ethnic Cohort.

: Vaginal predominance is associated with improved vaginal health and reduced pregnancy complications. Little is known about how dietary quality may improve vaginal microbial composition or about dietary interventions that may promote abundance. To understand the host factors affecting vaginal microbiota during pregnancy in a multi-ethnic cohort in Hawai`i.