Inter-organ metabolic interaction networks in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multisystem metabolic disorder, marked by abnormal lipid accumulation and intricate inter-organ interactions, which contribute to systemic metabolic imbalances. NAFLD may progress through several stages, including simple steatosis (NAFL), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and potentially liver cancer. This disease is closely associated with metabolic disorders driven by overnutrition, with key pathological processes including lipid dysregulation, impaired lipid autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and local inflammation.

Ginsenoside Rk2 alleviates hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury by enhancing AKT membrane translocation and activation.

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) poses a significant threat to clinical outcomes and graft survival during hemorrhagic shock, hepatic resection, and liver transplantation. Current pharmacological interventions for hepatic IRI are inadequate. In this study, we identified ginsenoside Rk2 (Rk2), a rare dehydroprotopanaxadiol saponin, as a promising agent against hepatic IRI through high-throughput screening.

A novel DNA damage-related gene index for predicting prognosis in gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer is one of the major cancers with high cancer mortality and shows significant heterogeneity. The development of precise prognostic models is crucial for advancing treatment strategies. Recognizing the pivotal role of DNA damage in tumor progression, we conducted a consensus clustering analysis of DNA damage-related genes to categorize gastric cancer patients from the TCGA clinical cohort into distinct subtypes.

DNA-damage orchestrates self-renewal and differentiation via reciprocal p53 family and Hippo/Wnt/TGF-β pathway activation in embryonic stem cells.

The mechanism by which DNA-damage affects self-renewal and pluripotency remains unclear. DNA damage and repair mechanisms have been largely elucidated in mutated cancer cells or simple eukaryotes, making valid interpretations on early development difficult. Here we show the impact of ionizing irradiation on the maintenance and early differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs).

LGALS9B stabilizes EEF1D protein and activates the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to promote gastric cancer occurrence and metastasis.

Gastric cancer ranks among the most prevalent malignancies globally, characterized by limited treatment efficacy and high recurrence rates. Effective management of this disease requires a comprehensive understanding of its underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Galectins have emerged as promising targets in gastric cancer therapy, with Galectin-9 (LGALS9) receiving considerable attention in recent years.

Species differences of fatty liver diseases: comparisons between human and feline.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most widespread chronic liver disease that poses significant threats to public health due to changes in dietary habits and lifestyle patterns. The transition from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) markedly increases the risk of developing cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver failure in patients. However, there is only one Food and Drug Administration-approved therapeutic drug in the world, and the clinical demand is huge.

Lactate Dehydrogenase Inhibition Protects against Hepatic Fibrosis by Regulating Metabolic Reprogramming of Hepatic Stellate Cells.

Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation results in liver fibrosis. When HSCs are activated, metabolism is reprogrammed. However, metabolic alteration in HSCs activation has not been sufficiently addressed.

Association between smoking status and sarcopenia among middle-aged and older adults: finding from the CHARLS study.

Purpose: There is limited information on the association between smoking/smoking cessation and sarcopenia in Chinese populations. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to investigate the association between smoking/smoking cessation and its duration with the risk of sarcopenia.

Methods: This cohort included 6,719 adults over 45 from the CHARLS between 2011 and 2015.

Fas Apoptosis Inhibitory Molecule 2 Inhibits Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy by Regulating the MAPK Signaling Pathway.

Background: Pathological cardiac hypertrophy stands as a pivotal mechanism contributing to diverse cardiovascular diseases, ultimately leading to heart failure. Despite its clinical significance, the intricate molecular mechanisms instigating pathological cardiac hypertrophy remain inadequately understood. In this study, we aim to further reveal its complex pathogenesis by exploring the role of Fas apoptotic inhibitory molecule 2 (FAIM2) in modulating pathological cardiac hypertrophy.

Association of urban environments with Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: A prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank.

Urban environments and cardiovascular health are closely linked, yet only a few specific exposures have been explored in isolation and mostly adopting cross-sectional design. The influence of socioeconomic status and genetic predisposition also remains unclear. Hence, leveraging the UK Biobank data (n = 206,681), we conducted a prospective analysis of 213 urban environmental variables and their association with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).

Interrelationships Among Individual Factors, Family Factors, and Quality of Life in Older Chinese Adults: Cross-Sectional Study Using Structural Equation Modeling.

Background: China's rapidly aging population necessitates effective strategies for ensuring older adults' quality of life (QOL). While individual factors (IF) and family factors (FF) are known to influence QOL, existing research often examines these factors in isolation or focuses on specific subpopulations, overlooking potential interactions and mediating pathways.

Objective: This study aims to examine both direct and indirect pathways connecting IF and FF to older adults' QOL, focusing on the mediating roles of health risks (HR) and health care service demand (HSD).

USP29 alleviates the progression of MASLD by stabilizing ACSL5 through K48 deubiquitination.

Background/aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD) is a chronic liver disease characterized by hepatic steatosis. Ubiquitin-specific proteinase 29 (USP29) plays pivotal roles in hepatic ischemia‒reperfusion injury and hepatocellular carcinoma, but its role in MASLD remains unexplored. Therefore, the aim of this study was to reveal the effects and underlying mechanisms of USP29 in MASLD progression.

Diurnal temperature range and hypertension: cross-sectional and longitudinal findings from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

Background: Research indicates a positive association between short-term diurnal temperature range (DTR) exposure and hypertension. However, the impact of long-term DTR exposure has not been thoroughly studied in population-based cohort research.

Methods: This study conducted cross-sectional (including 16,690 participants) and longitudinal analyses (including 9,650 participants) based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

Identification of angiogenesis-related subtypes and risk models for predicting the prognosis of gastric cancer patients.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality and is characterized by significant heterogeneity, highlighting the need for further studies aimed at personalized treatment strategies. Tumor angiogenesis is critical for tumor development and metastasis, yet its role in molecular subtyping and prognosis prediction remains underexplored. This study aims to identify angiogenesis-related subtypes and develop a prognostic model for GC patients.

Artificial sweeteners and risk of incident cardiovascular disease and mortality: evidence from UK Biobank.

Background: Artificial sweeteners are widely popular worldwide as substitutes for sugar or caloric sweeteners, but there are still several important unknowns and controversies regarding their associations with cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to extensively assess the association and subgroup variability between artificial sweeteners and CVD and CVD mortality in the UK Biobank cohort, and further investigate the modification effects of genetic susceptibility and the mediation role of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: This study included 133,285 participants in the UK Biobank who were free of CVD and diabetes at recruitment.

TNIP3 protects against pathological cardiac hypertrophy by stabilizing STAT1.

Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is one of the major risk factors of heart failure and other cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying pathological cardiac hypertrophy remain largely unknown. Here, we identified the first evidence that TNFAIP3 interacting protein 3 (TNIP3) was a negative regulator of pathological cardiac hypertrophy.

Progress in the study of antibody-drug conjugates for the treatment of cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer is the second most prevalent malignancy affecting women's health globally, and the number of morbidity and mortality from cervical cancer continues to rise worldwide. The 5-year survival rate of patients with recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer is significantly reduced, and existing treatment modalities have low efficacy and high adverse effects, so there is a strong need for new, effective, and well-tolerated therapies. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a new targeted therapeutic modality that can efficiently kill tumor cells.

Emerging Roles and Therapeutic Applications of Arachidonic Acid Pathways in Cardiometabolic Diseases.

Cardiometabolic disease has become a major health burden worldwide, with sharply increasing prevalence but highly limited therapeutic interventions. Emerging evidence has revealed that arachidonic acid derivatives and pathway factors link metabolic disorders to cardiovascular risks and intimately participate in the progression and severity of cardiometabolic diseases. In this review, we systemically summarized and updated the biological functions of arachidonic acid pathways in cardiometabolic diseases, mainly focusing on heart failure, hypertension, atherosclerosis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity, and diabetes.

Syntaxin6 contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma tumorigenesis via enhancing STAT3 phosphorylation.

Background: Syntaxin6 (STX6) is a SNARE (Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors) protein complex located in the trans-Golgi network and endosomes, which is closely associated with a variety of intracellular membrane transport events. STX6 has been shown to be overexpressed in a variety of human malignant tumors such as esophageal, colorectal, and renal cell carcinomas, and participates in tumorigenesis and development.

Methods: Based on clinical public database and clinical liver samples analysis, the expression of STX6 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues was investigated.

Unraveling the relationship between histone methylation and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) poses a significant health challenge in modern societies due to shifts in lifestyle and dietary habits. Its complexity stems from genetic predisposition, environmental influences, and metabolic factors. Epigenetic processes govern various cellular functions such as transcription, chromatin structure, and cell division.