Stress, resilience and sense of self-efficacy among Ukrainian, Polish, Romanian, and Slovak women during the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Objectives: The aim of the current study was to determine the levels of stress, resilience and the sense of self-efficacy, as well as the influence of resilience and the sense of self-efficacy in shaping stress levels, in a sample of women from various countries of origin.

Methods: The study was carried out on a sample of Ukrainian (N = 82), Polish (N = 102), Slovak (N = 79), and Romanian (N = 42) women using the Sense of Stress Questionnaire, the General Self-Efficacy Scale and the Brief Resilience Scale.

Results: Highest total stress levels were found among Ukrainian women, while the lowest were found among Polish women.

COVID-19 mortality among solid organ transplant recipients and candidates before specific vaccine availability in Colombia.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a life-threatening disease that was declared a pandemic in March 2020. Organ transplant recipients are vulnerable to infection and complications from COVID-19. The objective of this study was to investigate the rates of infection, mortality, and case-fatality ratios (CFR) in solid organ transplant recipients and patients on the waiting list for organ allocation in the period prior to the availability of specific vaccines.

Addressing shortages of hospital social workers in Vietnam: Findings from a national survey.

Studies on the hospital social work workforce in global contexts remain unexplored. This study aims to describe the workforce status for hospital social work in Vietnam. This study involved 676 central, provincial, and district hospitals in Vietnam.

Optimization of metal polymer friction pair composition for hydrogen wear reduction through thermal stabilization analysis.

The composition of the metal-polymer friction pair is carefully considered for interacting with water and hydrogen, ensuring the metals electrode process potential remains below waters in a neutral medium. Simultaneously, adherence to defined chemical composition ratios for the metal-polymer materials is crucial. This analysis is conducted under conditions of thermal stabilization, characterized by a minimal temperature gradient across the rim thickness within an equivalent thermal field.

Explainable vision transformer for automatic visual sleep staging on multimodal PSG signals.

Polysomnography (PSG) is crucial for diagnosing sleep disorders, but manual scoring of PSG is time-consuming and subjective, leading to high variability. While machine-learning models have improved PSG scoring, their clinical use is hindered by the 'black-box' nature. In this study, we present SleepXViT, an automatic sleep staging system using Vision Transformer (ViT) that provides intuitive, consistent explanations by mimicking human 'visual scoring'.

Adjusting on-scene CPR duration based on transport time interval in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a nationwide multicenter study.

The optimal duration of on-scene cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients remains uncertain. Determining this critical time period requires outweighing the potential risks associated with intra-arrest transport while minimizing delays in accessing definitive hospital-based treatments. This study evaluated the association between on-scene CPR duration and 30-day neurologically favorable survival based on the transport time interval (TTI) in patients with OHCA.

Foliar application of nano biochar solution elevates tomato productivity by counteracting the effect of salt stress insights into morphological physiological and biochemical indices.

Nano-biochar considers a versatile and valuable sorbent to enhance plant productivity by improving soil environment and emerged as a novel solution for environmental remediation and sustainable agriculture in modern era. In this study, roles of foliar applied nanobiochar colloidal solution (NBS) on salt stressed tomato plants were investigated. For this purpose, NBS was applied (0%, 1% 3% and 5%) on two groups of plants (control 0 mM and salt stress 60 mM).

Cardiovascular disease risk in Korean patients with systemic lupus erythematosus compared to diabetes mellitus and the general population.

To evaluate the incidence and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among Korean patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) comparing them to diabetes patients and the general population. This nationwide cohort study focused on incident SLE patients aged over 40 years, matched with diabetes patients and the general population (1:4:4 ratio). CVD was defined as ischaemic heart disease, ischaemic stroke, and cardiac arrest.

Controlling the energies of the single-rotor large wind turbine system using a new controller.

In wind energy generation systems, ensuring high energy quality is critical but is often compromised due to the limited performance and durability of conventional regulators. To address this, this work presents a novel controller for managing the machine-side inverter of a single-rotor large wind turbine system using an induction machine-type generator. The proposed controller is designed using proportional, integral, and derivative error-based mechanisms, which fundamentally differ from traditional proportional-integral (PI) regulators.

Colorectal cancer detection with enhanced precision using a hybrid supervised and unsupervised learning approach.

The current work introduces the hybrid ensemble framework for the detection and segmentation of colorectal cancer. This framework will incorporate both supervised classification and unsupervised clustering methods to present more understandable and accurate diagnostic results. The method entails several steps with CNN models: ADa-22 and AD-22, transformer networks, and an SVM classifier, all inbuilt.

Developmental deficits, synapse and dendritic abnormalities in a Clcn4 KO autism mice model: endophenotypic target for ASD.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is linked to ion channel dysfunction, including chloride voltage-gated channel-4 (CLCN4). We generated Clcn4 knockout (KO) mice by deleting exon 5 of chromosome 7 in the C57BL/6 mice. Clcn4 KO exhibited reduced social interaction and increased repetitive behaviors assessed using three-chamber and marble burying tests.

The 40S ribosomal subunit recycling complex modulates mitochondrial dynamics and endoplasmic reticulum - mitochondria tethering at mitochondrial fission/fusion hotspots.

The 40S ribosomal subunit recycling pathway is an integral link in the cellular quality control network, occurring after translational errors have been corrected by the ribosome-associated quality control (RQC) machinery. Despite our understanding of its role, the impact of translation quality control on cellular metabolism remains poorly understood. Here, we reveal a conserved role of the 40S ribosomal subunit recycling (USP10-G3BP1) complex in regulating mitochondrial dynamics and function.

Singular topological edge states in locally resonant metamaterials.

Band topology has emerged as a novel tool for material design across various domains, including photonic and phononic systems, and metamaterials. A prominent model for band topology is the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) chain, which reveals topological in-gap states within Bragg-type gaps (BG) formed by periodic modification. Apart from classical BGs, another mechanism for bandgap formation in metamaterials involves strong coupling between local resonances and propagating waves, resulting in a local resonance-induced bandgap (LRG).

AGA Clinical Practice Guideline on the Prevention and Treatment of Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation in At-Risk Individuals.

Background & Aims: Hepatitis B reactivation (HBVr) can occur due to a variety of immune-modulating exposures, including multiple drug classes and disease states. Antiviral prophylaxis can be effective in mitigating the risk of HBVr. In select cases, clinical monitoring without antiviral prophylaxis is sufficient for managing the risk of HBVr.

ARCH: Large-scale knowledge graph via aggregated narrative codified health records analysis.

Objective: Electronic health record (EHR) systems contain a wealth of clinical data stored as both codified data and free-text narrative notes (NLP). The complexity of EHR presents challenges in feature representation, information extraction, and uncertainty quantification. To address these challenges, we proposed an efficient Aggregated naRrative Codified Health (ARCH) records analysis to generate a large-scale knowledge graph (KG) for a comprehensive set of EHR codified and narrative features.

Effects of Different Humeral Stem Length on Stem Alignment and Proximal Stress Shielding in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty.

Background: Few comparative studies on the correlation between stem length, stem alignment, and/or stress shielding have been conducted in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA). This study aimed to investigate the effects of different humeral stem lengths on stem alignment and proximal stress shielding after rTSA.

Methods: A total of 320 patients who underwent primary rTSA from October 2010 to May 2020 with at least 2 years of follow-up (mean follow-up: 32.

Regulation of tick attachment and rapid engorgement via dopamine receptors in the Asian longhorned tick Haemaphysalis longicornis.

Dopamine plays multifaceted roles in the physiology of insects and ticks, acting as a key neurotransmitter and modulator of various biological processes. In ticks, it plays a particularly important role in regulating salivary gland function, which is essential for successful tick feeding on hosts. Salivary secretion in ticks is orchestrated by the collection of saliva in the acinar lumen mediated by the dopamine receptor (D1) and the expulsion of collected saliva into the salivary duct mediated by the invertebrate specific D1-like dopamine receptor (InvD1L).

Label-free quantitative imaging of conjunctival goblet cells.

Purpose: To introduce and validate quantitative oblique back-illumination microscopy (qOBM) as a label-free, high-contrast imaging technique for visualizing conjunctival goblet cells (GCs) and assessing their functional changes.

Methods: qOBM was developed in conjunction with moxifloxacin-based fluorescence microscopy (MBFM), which was used for validating GC imaging. Initial validation was conducted with polystyrene beads, followed by testing on normal mouse conjunctiva under both ex-vivo and in-vivo conditions.

Eco-friendly decolorization of synthetic dyes using radiation-induced whole cell biocatalyst with enhanced copper resistance.

Toxic and carcinogenic compounds, such as synthetic dyes and polyphenols, were widely employed and released as pollutants in a variety of industries, including textiles, food, and cosmetics. Biological oxidation process that used oxidizing enzymes to breakdown pollutant compounds were environmentally favorable. However, due to the cell toxicity of metal ions supplements used for the biosynthesis of oxidizing enzymes like laccase, their efficient application for biological degradation is limited.

Long-term exposure to air pollution and greenness in association with respiratory emergency room visits and hospitalizations: The Life-GAP project.

Background: Air pollution has been linked to respiratory diseases, while the effects of greenness remain inconclusive.

Objective: We investigated the associations between exposure to particulate matter (PM and PM), black carbon (BC), nitrogen dioxide (NO), ozone (O), and greenness (normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI) with respiratory emergency room visits and hospitalizations across seven Northern European centers in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) study.

Methods: We used modified mixed-effects Poisson regression to analyze associations of exposure in 1990, 2000 and mean exposure 1990-2000 with respiratory outcomes recorded duing ECRHS phases II and III.

Safety and efficacy of nipocalimab in adults with generalised myasthenia gravis (Vivacity-MG3): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Background: Given burdensome side-effects and long latency for efficacy with conventional agents, there is a continued need for generalised myasthenia gravis treatments that are safe and provide consistently sustained, long-term disease control. Nipocalimab, a neonatal Fc receptor blocker, was associated with dose-dependent reductions in total IgG and anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibodies and clinically meaningful improvements in the Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) scale in patients with generalised myasthenia gravis in a phase 2 study. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of nipocalimab in a phase 3 study.

In-situ conversion of BiOBr to Br-doped BiOCl nanosheets for "rocking chair" zinc-ion battery.

Developing insertion-type anodes is essential for designing high-performance "rocking chair" zinc-ion batteries. BiOCl shows great potential as an insertion-type anode material for Zn storage due to its high specific capacity and unique layered structure. However, the development of BiOCl has been significantly hampered by its poor stability and kinetics during cycling.

Radiofrequency evoked potentials: A new window into the nociceptive system.

Objective: To describe the cortical evoked potentials in response to radiofrequency stimulation (RFEPs) in human volunteers.

Methods: Seventeen healthy volunteers participated in an experimental session in which radiofrequency (RF) and electrical (ES) stimulation were applied to the dorsum of the hands and feet. EEG was recorded to evaluate evoked responses for each stimulus modality and stimulation site.

The endothelial surface layer-glycocalyx - Universal nano-infrastructure is fundamental to physiology, cell traffic and a complementary neural network.

The glycocalyx and its associated endothelial surface layer which lines all cell membranes and most tissues, dwarfs the phospholipid membrane of cells in extent. Its major components are sulphated polymers like heparan and chondroitin sulphates and hyaluronic acid. These form a fuzzy layer of unknown structure and function.