Observation of Robust Compressed CuO Octahedra and Exotic Spin Structure in CaCuFeO.

CuO octahedra usually show elongated distortion, leading to active orbitals and planar exchange interactions, while compressed CuO octahedra with active orbitals and unidirectional exchange interactions are exceptionally rare. Here, we design and synthesize a new frustrated antiferromagnet CaCuFeO through a high-pressure and high-temperature approach, in which robust compressed CuO octahedra are realized, separating the FeO sheets that comprise zigzag spin ladders. Magnetic susceptibility and specific heat measurements exhibit a long-range antiferromagnetic order below the Néel temperature of 165 K, which is further confirmed by neutron diffraction.

Superconductor-Insulator Transition Induced by Precise Subtripled Vapor Chemical Gating.

Recent progress in superconductor-insulator transition has shed light on the intermediate metallic state with unique electronic inhomogeneity. The microscopic model, suggesting that carrier spatial distribution plays a decisive role in the intermediate state, has been instrumental in understanding the quantum transition. However, the narrow carrier density window in which the intermediate state exists necessitates precise control of the gate dielectric layer, presenting a challenge to in situ map the carrier spatial distribution.

The ASPARAGINE-RICH PROTEIN-LYST-INTERACTING PROTEIN5 complex regulates non-canonical AUTOPHAGY8 degradation in Arabidopsis.

The endocytic and autophagic pathways play important roles in abiotic stress responses and maintaining cellular homeostasis in plants. Asparagine Rich Proteins (NRPs) are plant-specific stress-responsive proteins that are involved in many abiotic stress-related signaling pathways. We previously demonstrated that NRP promotes PIN FORMED 2 (PIN2) vacuolar degradation to maintain PIN2 homeostasis under abscisic acid (ABA) treatment in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).

Usual prevention in unusual settings: A scoping review of place-based health interventions in public-facing businesses.

Place-based health interventions may help reach underserved populations. This scoping review summarizes the peer-reviewed literature on the type and effects of place-based health interventions in unconventional public-facing business settings (e.g.

Beyond Metaplasia: Unraveling the Complex Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Atrophic Gastritis and Its Implications for Gastric Cancer Risk.

Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by immune-mediated destruction of gastric parietal cells, leading to oxyntic atrophy, achlorhydria, and hypergastrinemia. While AIG was historically linked to gastric adenocarcinoma and type I neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), recent evidence suggests the risk of adenocarcinoma in AIG is lower than previously believed, particularly in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-negative patients.

The ligninolytic catalytic network reveals the importance of auxiliary enzymes in lignin biocatalysts.

Lignin degradation by biocatalysts is a key strategy to develop a plant-based sustainable carbon economy and thus alleviate global climate change. This process involves synergy between ligninases and auxiliary enzymes. However, auxiliary enzymes within secretomes, which are composed of thousands of enzymes, remain enigmatic, although several ligninolytic enzymes have been well characterized.

Artificial Intelligence for Optical Coherence Tomography in Glaucoma.

Purpose: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly deep learning (DL), with optical coherence tomography (OCT) offers significant opportunities in the diagnosis and management of glaucoma. This article explores the application of various DL models in enhancing OCT capabilities and addresses the challenges associated with their clinical implementation.

Methods: A review of articles utilizing DL models was conducted, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), generative adversarial networks (GANs), autoencoders, and large language models (LLMs).

Impact of delirium on post-discharge mortality in coronary care unit patients: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Coronary care unit (CCU) patients surviving to discharge still face significant mortality. Delirium is common in CCU patients and has been associated with poorer CCU and in-hospital outcomes.

Aim: To assess the association between delirium and mortality after hospital discharge in CCU survivors.

Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery for a Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of the Lower Rectum: A Case Report.

Rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are prevalent in the lower rectum, and the existing literature suggests that transanal interventions are advantageous for anorectal preservation. Herein, we present a case of rectal GIST resection using transanal minimally invasive surgery. A 75-year-old woman reported vaginal discomfort and was subsequently diagnosed with GIST via transanal tumor biopsy.

The Lactate-Primed KAT8‒PCK2 Axis Exacerbates Hepatic Ferroptosis During Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Reprogramming OXSM-Dependent Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Synthesis.

Recipients often suffer from hyperlactatemia during liver transplantation (LT), but whether hyperlactatemia exacerbates hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) after donor liver implantation remains unclear. Here, the role of hyperlactatemia in hepatic IRI is explored. In this work, hyperlactatemia is found to exacerbate ferroptosis during hepatic IRI.

WFDC3 sensitizes colorectal cancer to chemotherapy by regulating ATM/ATR kinase signaling pathway.

Chemoresistance is an ongoing challenge for colorectal cancer (CRC) that significantly compromises the anti-tumor efficacy of current drugs. Identifying effective targets or drugs for overcoming chemoresistance is urgently needed. Our previous study showed that WFDC3 served as a tumor suppressor that hindered CRC metastasis.

International Validation of a Novel PEACE Scale to Improve the Quality of Upper Gastrointestinal Mucosal Inspection During Endoscopy.

Introduction: The performance of a high quality esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is dependent on the mucosal cleanliness. Recently, the Polprep: Effective Assessment of Cleanliness in EGD (PEACE) scale was created to assess the degree of mucosal cleanliness during EGD. The aim of this study was to validate this scoring system in a cohort of international endoscopists.

Circulating and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Biomarkers of Intestinal Fibrosis in Small Bowel Crohn's Disease.

Background: We previously identified circulating and MRI biomarkers associated with the surgical management of Crohn's disease (CD). Here we tested associations between these biomarkers and ileal resection inflammation and collagen content.

Methods: Fifty CD patients undergoing ileal resection were prospectively enrolled at 4 centers.

The role of Iowa gambling task performance in response to citalopram treatment for cocaine use disorder.

Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is associated with executive functioning impairments linked to serotonergic function. Previous studies reported efficacy with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram in reducing cocaine use. The current study explored moderation and mediation of citalopram effects on cocaine use by performance across executive function domains.

Development and Pilot Implementation of a Theory-Based Cognitive Rehabilitation Protocol for Adults With Chronic Cognitive Complaints After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the development of and pilot feasibility outcomes for a strategy-based, brief, intensive cognitive rehabilitation intervention delivered to U.S. service members and veterans with mild traumatic brain injury in a recently completed 3-year pragmatic clinical trial: Symptom-Targeted Approach to Rehabilitation for Concussion (STAR-C).

Development of a conditional plasmid for gene deletion in non-model strains.

is an opportunistic pathogen with four subspecies: (FNN), (FNV), (FNP), and (FNA), each with distinct disease potentials. Research on fusobacterial pathogenesis has mainly focused on the model strain ATCC 23726 from FNN. However, this narrow focus may overlook significant behaviors of other FNN strains and those from other subspecies, given the genetic and phenotypic diversity within .

The Rise of Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Glia Models of Neuroinflammation.

Neuroinflammation is a blanket term that describes the body's complex inflammatory response in the central nervous system (CNS). It encompasses a phenotype shift to a proinflammatory state, the release of cytokines, the recruitment of peripheral immune cells, and a wide variety of other processes. Neuroinflammation has been implicated in nearly every major CNS disease ranging from Alzheimer's disease to brain cancer.

Evaluation of Extra-High Translucent Dental Zirconia: Translucency, Crystalline Phase, Mechanical Properties, and Microstructures.

Highly translucent zirconia (TZ) is frequently used in dentistry. The properties of several highly translucent zirconia materials available in the market require an in-depth understanding. In this study, we assessed the translucency, crystalline phase, mechanical properties, and microstructures of three newly developed highly translucent zirconia materials (Zpex 4.

Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Generate a Pro-Healing Inflammasome When Cultured on Titanium-Aluminum-Vanadium Surfaces with Microscale/Nanoscale Structural Features.

The surface topography and chemistry of titanium-aluminum-vanadium (Ti6Al4V) implants play critical roles in the osteoblast differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) and the creation of an osteogenic microenvironment. To assess the effects of a microscale/nanoscale (MN) topography, this study compared the effects of MN-modified, anodized, and smooth Ti6Al4V surfaces on MSC response, and for the first time, directly contrasted MN-induced osteoblast differentiation with culture on tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) in osteogenic medium (OM). Surface characterization revealed distinct differences in microroughness, composition, and topography among the Ti6Al4V substrates.

Microlipophagy from Simple to Complex Eukaryotes.

Lipophagy is a selective degradation of lipid droplets in lysosomes or vacuoles. Apart from its role in generating energy and free fatty acids for membrane repair, growth, and the formation of new membranes, lipophagy emerges as a key player in other cellular processes and disease pathogenesis. While fungal, plant, and algal cells use microlipophagy, the most prominent form of lipophagy in animal cells is macrolipophagy.

Discovery of Evolutionary Loss of the Ubiquitin-like Autophagy-Related ATG12 System in a Lineage of Apicomplexa.

The autophagy-related ubiquitin-like conjugation systems, the ATG8 and ATG12 systems, are universally conserved in eukaryotes. However, the covalent bond in the ATG12 system has recently been shown to be evolutionarily lost in Apicomplexa. Here, we show that all genes associated with the ATG12 system are absent in piroplasmida, a lineage within Apicomplexa.

Targeting EP2 Receptor Improves Muscle and Bone Health in Dystrophin/Utrophin Double-Knockout Mice.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe genetic muscle disease occurring due to mutations of the dystrophin gene. There is no cure for DMD. Using a dystrophinutrophin (DKO-Hom) mouse model, we investigated the PGE2/EP2 pathway in the pathogenesis of dystrophic muscle and its potential as a therapeutic target.

Optimizing Neurobehavioral Assessment for Patients with Disorders of Consciousness: Proposal of a Comprehensive Pre-Assessment Checklist for Clinicians.

Background: Clinicians are challenged by the ambiguity and uncertainty in assessing level of consciousness in individuals with disorder of consciousness (DoC). There are numerous challenges to valid and reliable neurobehavioral assessment and classification of DoC due to multiple environmental and patient-related biases including behavioral fluctuation and confounding or co-occurring medical conditions. Addressing these biases could impact accuracy of assessment and is an important aspect of the DoC assessment process.

Constraint of Different Knee Implant Designs Under Anterior-Posterior Shear Forces and Internal-External Rotation Moments in Human Cadaveric Knees.

Instability remains one of the most common indications for revision after total knee arthroplasty. To gain a better understanding of how an implant will perform in vivo and support surgeons in selecting the most appropriate implant design for an individual patient, it is crucial to evaluate the implant constraint within clinically relevant ligament and boundary conditions. Therefore, this study investigated the constraint of three different implant designs (symmetrical implants with and without a post-cam mechanism and an asymmetrical medial-stabilized implant) under anterior-posterior shear forces and internal-external rotation moments at different flexion angles in human cadaveric knees using a six-degrees-of-freedom joint motion simulator.