Association of Dyslipidemia, Increased Insulin Resistance, and Serum CA 15-3 with Increased Risk of Breast Cancer in Urban Areas of North and Central India.

Objective: This study aims to determine the association of dyslipidemia and increased insulin resistance (IR) with increased breast cancer (BC) risk.

Materials And Methods: The study group comprised 110 premenopausal and 143 postmenopausal, untreated female BC patients in the age range of 29-72 years. Control group consisted of 117 premenopausal and 141 postmenopausal healthy females in the age range of 23-75.

Risk Score for the Development of Veno-Occlusive Disease after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant.

A risk score identifying patients at high risk for veno-occlusive disease (VOD) may aid efforts to study preventive strategies for this uncommon complication of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Patients receiving a first allogeneic HCT between 2008 and 2013 as reported to the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (N = 13,097) were randomly divided into training and validation sets. Independent prognostic factors for development of VOD by day +100 after HCT were identified with a multivariate logistic regression model.

Recruitment of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) for research.

Databases of electronic health records (EHR) are not only a valuable source of data for health research but have also recently been used as a medium through which potential study participants can be screened, located and approached to take part in research. The aim was to assess whether it is feasible and practical to screen, locate and approach patients to take part in research through the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). This is a cohort study in primary care.

One-sample two-smear versus two-sample two-smear approach for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy of one-sputum sample two-smear approach for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PT).

Materials And Methods: Data from January 2012 to December 2015 were analyzed to find (1) number of smear positives (SPs) by spot (S) sample with one and two smears; (2) number of SPs by morning (M) sample with one and two smears; and (iii) number of SPs by two samples with two smears, that is, same-day (SS) and spot morning (SM) approaches. The Chi-square test was used to evaluate the statistical difference in SP cases.

Enhanced Ordering in Monolayers Containing Glycosphingolipids: Impact of Carbohydrate Structure.

The influence of carbohydrate structure on the ordering of glycosphingolipids (GSLs) and surrounding phospholipids was investigated in monolayers at the air-water interface. Binary mixtures composed of GSLs, chosen to span a range of carbohydrate complexity, and zwitterionic dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine phospholipid, were studied. X-ray reflectivity was used to measure the out-of-plane structure of the monolayers and characterize the extension and conformation of the GSL carbohydrates.

Effectiveness of stevia as a mouthrinse among 12-15-year-old schoolchildren in Nellore district, Andhra Pradesh - A randomized controlled trial.

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of stevia as a daily mouthrinse among 12-15 year-old schoolchildren in Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh.

Materials And Methods: A randomized, controlled triple blind trial was carried out among 108 children in B. V.

Development and Implementation of Module for Medical Graduates to Improve Socio-cultural Sensitivity towards People Living with HIV.

Background: Health professionals are documented as an important cause for stigmatizing people living with HIV (PLHIV). Since traditional teaching on HIV in India does not address cultural competencies, medical graduates lack sociocultural sensitiveness while addressing the health needs of PLHIV.

Aim: The aim of this study is to develop and to implement a module for medical graduates to improve their sociocultural sensitivity toward PLHIV.

A software-based tool for video motion tracking in the surgical skills assessment landscape.

Background: The use of motion tracking has been proved to provide an objective assessment in surgical skills training. Current systems, however, require the use of additional equipment or specialised laparoscopic instruments and cameras to extract the data. The aim of this study was to determine the possibility of using a software-based solution to extract the data.

Management of important adverse events associated with inotuzumab ozogamicin: expert panel review.

Inotuzumab ozogamicin (InO), a humanized anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody conjugated to the cytotoxic antibiotic agent calicheamicin, has demonstrated efficacy in the phase 3 INO-VATE study of adults with relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Findings from the study showed clinically important adverse events (AEs) associated with InO, with veno-occlusive disease (VOD) reported as a major non-hematologic AE. Other important or serious AEs include neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, infusion-related reactions, tumor lysis syndrome, and prolonged QT syndrome.

Correlations Between Anthropometry and Lipid Profile in Women With PCOS.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in reproductive age women and is associated with both reproductive and metabolic abnormalities. Recent studies have demonstrated an early onset of abnormal cardiovascular risk profile in women with PCOS. Abnormal lipid profile patterns are common in women with PCOS, and these abnormalities are not uniform in all populations.

Role of Anthropometric Measurements in Development of CVD and Stroke among T2DM in East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Introduction: Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality have been associated with different variables of anthropometric measurements.

Aim: To find out the association of anthropometric measurements in the development of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) and stroke among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).

Materials And Methods: Three hundred subjects were included in the study out of which 100 subjects were known type 2 diabetics with CVD or Stroke (Group 1), 100 subjects were type 2 diabetic patients (Group 2) and 100 subjects were normal and healthy (Group 3).

New class of precision antimicrobials redefines role of S-layer in virulence and viability.

There is a medical need for antibacterial agents that do not damage the resident gut microbiota or promote the spread of antibiotic resistance. We recently described a prototypic precision bactericidal agent, Av-CD291.2, which selectively kills specific strains and prevents them from colonizing mice.

Comparative Analysis for Glycopatterns and Complex-Type Glycans of Glycoprotein in Sera from Chronic Hepatitis B- and C-Infected Patients.

Chronic infection with HBV (CHB) or HCV (CHC) is the most common chronic viral hepatitis that can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in humans, their infections have distinct pathogenic processes, however, little is known about the difference of glycoprotein glycopatterns in serum between hepatitis B virus (HBV)- and hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients. A method combining the lectin microarrays, letin-mediated affinity capture glycoproteins, and MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS was employed to analyze serum protein glycopatterns and identify the glycan structures from patients with CHB ( = 54) or CHC( = 47), and healthy volunteers (HV, = 35). Lectin blotting was further utilized to validate and assess the expression levels of their serum glycopatterns.

"Reflection-Before-Practice" Improves Self-Assessment and End-Performance in Laparoscopic Surgical Skills Training.

Objective: To establish whether a systematized approach to self-assessment in a laparoscopic surgical skills course improves accordance between expert- and self-assessment.

Design: A systematic training course in self-assessment using Competency Assessment Tool was introduced into the normal course of evaluation within a Laparoscopic Surgical Skills training course for the test group (n = 30). Differences between these and a control group (n = 30) who did not receive the additional training were assessed.

Tissue Localization of Glycosphingolipid Accumulation in a Gaucher Disease Mouse Brain by LC-ESI-MS/MS and High-Resolution MALDI Imaging Mass Spectrometry.

To better understand regional brain glycosphingolipid (GSL) accumulation in Gaucher disease (GD) and its relationship to neuropathology, a feasibility study using mass spectrometry and immunohistochemistry was conducted using brains derived from a GD mouse model (4L/PS/NA) homozygous for a mutant GCase (V394L [4L]) and expressing a prosaposin hypomorphic (PS-NA) transgene. Whole brains from GD and control animals were collected using one hemisphere for MALDI FTICR IMS analysis and the other for quantitation by LC-ESI-MS/MS. MALDI IMS detected several HexCers across the brains.

Identification of a new B4GalNAcT1 (GM2/GD2/GA2 synthase) isoform, and regulation of enzyme stability and intracellular transport by arginine-based motif.

Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are abundant in plasma membranes of mammalian cells, and their synthesis is strictly regulated in the Golgi apparatus. Disruption of GSL homeostasis is the cause of numerous diseases. Hundreds of molecular species of GSLs exist, and the detailed mechanisms underlying their homeostasis remain unclear.

N-butyldeoxynojirimycin delays motor deficits, cerebellar microgliosis, and Purkinje cell loss in a mouse model of mucolipidosis type IV.

Mucolipidosis type IV (MLIV) is a lysosomal storage disease exhibiting progressive intellectual disability, motor impairment, and premature death. There is currently no cure or corrective treatment. The disease results from mutations in the gene encoding mucolipin-1, a transient receptor potential channel believed to play a key role in lysosomal calcium egress.

The Effect of Moderate Physical Activity on Ovarian Reserve Markers in Reproductive Age Women Below and Above 30 Years.

Background: There is significant evidence among the general population regarding the impact of physical activity in improving the quality of life; however, evidence regarding the effect of physical activity in improving fertility and the quality of life in infertile women is inadequate. Existing medical literature shows that moderately regular physical activity positively influences ovarian reserve and assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes in overweight and obese women. It is not known whether moderate physical activity influences ovarian reserve in normal weight reproductive age women, and whether age has any influence on the physical activity related changes in ovarian reserve.

Serum Glycopatterns as Novel Potential Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Acute-on-Chronic Hepatitis B Liver Failure.

Acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure (ACHBLF) is an increasingly recognized distinct disease entity encompassing an acute deterioration of liver function in patients with cirrhosis, so little is known about the alterations of protein glycopatterns in serum with its development. We aimed to identify the alterations of serum glycopatterns in ACHBLF and probe the possibility of them as novel potential biomarkers for diagnosis of ACHBLF. As a result, there were 18 lectins (e.

A rare case of 46,XX gonadal dysgenesis and Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome.

46,XX gonadal dysgenesis is a rare genetically heterogeneous disorder characterized by underdeveloped ovaries with consequent, impuberism, primary amenorrhea, and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Mullerian agenesis or Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is characterized by congenital aplasia of the uterus and the upper part (2/3) of the vagina in a woman with normal development of secondary sexual characteristics and a normal 46,XX karyotype. The phenotypic manifestations of MRKH syndrome may sometimes overlap with various other syndromes and require accurate delineation.

Combined effect of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium fertilizers on the contents of glucosinolates in rocket salad ( Mill.).

Nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and potassium (K) are the most limiting factors in crop production. N often affects the amino acid composition of protein and in turn its nutritional quality. In plants, abundant supply of N fertilizer decreases the relative proportion of glucosinolates (GSLs), thus reducing the biological and medical values of the vegetables.

Effect of hypertension at presentation on prognosis in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy presenting with normal renal angiogram.

Background & Objectives: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a progressive disease of heart with systolic and diastolic dysfunction carrying a poor long-term prognosis. The prognostic index and predictors of mortality are considered to be useful in guiding the treatment. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of hypertension at presentation on prognosis in patients with DCM presenting with normal renal and coronary angiogram.

HPV-Related Oropharynx Cancer in the United Kingdom: An Evolution in the Understanding of Disease Etiology.

A rising incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) incidence has occurred throughout the developed world, where it has been attributed to an increasing impact of human papillomavirus (HPV) on disease etiology. This report presents the findings of a multicenter cross-sectional retrospective study aimed at determining the proportion of HPV-positive and HPV-negative OPSCC within the United Kingdom. Archival tumor tissue blocks from 1,602 patients previously diagnosed with OPSCC (2002-2011) were collated from 11 centers.

Self-assessment in laparoscopic surgical skills training: Is it reliable?

Background: The concept of self-assessment has been widely acclaimed for its role in the professional development cycle and self-regulation. In the field of medical education, self-assessment has been most used to evaluate the cognitive knowledge of students. The complexity of training and evaluation in laparoscopic surgery has previously acted as a barrier in determining the benefits self-assessment has to offer in comparison with other fields of medical education.