Immediate unprepared polyethylene glycol-flush colonoscopy in elderly patients with severe lower gastrointestinal bleeding.

Aims: Colon preparation is vital yet more difficult in elderly patients with severe lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB). The aim of this study is to show the efficacy, safety and outcomes of unprepared polyethylene glycol (PEG)-flush retrograde colon cleansing in the diagnosis and treatment of elderly home care patients with LGIB.

Methods: A single-center study was performed between January 2014 and June 2018.

Effects of modifying visual inhaler spacer usage instructions on correct usage rate of untrained users.

Background: Pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs) used with spacers are considered the method of choice for delivery of inhaled drugs in preschool-age children. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of modifying the visual inhaler spacer usage guidelines on the correct usage rate.

Methods: The parents and caregivers of patients <6 years old who were prescribed inhalers with spacers for the first time were included in our study.

Independent predictive factors for the persistence and tolerance of cow's milk allergy.

Background: Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is usually transient, with most children tolerating ingested cow's milk by 3 years of age. This study aimed to determine factors that promote or hindering the development of tolerance to CMPA.

Methods: A logistic regression model was used to determine independent risk factors associated with tolerance and persistence of CMPA.

Antileukotrienes in adenotonsillar hypertrophy: a review of the literature.

We assessed the use of antileukotrienes for treating adenotonsillar hypertrophy. We reviewed the current literature on the anatomy of adenotonsillar tissue, adenotonsillar hypertrophy/hyperplasia (and the associated pathophysiology and symptoms), and the effects of antileukotrienes used to treat adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Leukotrienes (LTs) are inflammatory mediators produced by a number of cell types, including mast cells, eosinophils, basophils, macrophages, and monocytes.

Are temporomandibular disorders associated with habitual sleeping body posture or nasal septal deviation?

Numerous factors can be considered for the etiology of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the presence of both nasal septal deviation (NSD) and habitual prone sleeping posture (HPSP) predisposes TMD. We evaluated 200 subjects in 4 groups.

Aesthetic analysis of the ideal eyebrow shape and position.

The aesthetic importance of the eyebrow has been highlighted for centuries. In this paper, we investigated ideal eyebrow. Eyebrows and eyelids, varies among different races, ages and genders.