Combinatorial metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli to efficiently produce L-threonine from untreated cane molasses.

Background: The industrial production of L-threonine faces challenges because of high production costs, especially those of substrates, meaning new production methods are needed.

Methods: Fur, a new global transcription factor related to L-threonine biosynthesis, was discovered in this study. Multidimensional regulation combined with global transcriptional machinery engineering was used to modify an Escherichia coli strain.

Combined use of steam explosion, alkali, and microbial methods improving the yield, structure and properties of soluble dietary fiber from bamboo shoot shells.

Developing an effective method for extracting soluble dietary fiber (SDF) from bamboo shoot shell (BSS) is of great significance for the resource utilization of BSS. Here, we proposed the combinational strategy of steam explosion (SE), alkaline extraction (AE), and microbial extraction (ME) to enhance BSS-SDF yield. The highest yield of 28.

Effects of SCT genetic polymorphisms on methotrexate concentrations and toxicities in Chinese children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Solute carrier (SLC) transporters play a crucial role in facilitating the cellular uptake of various anticancer drugs, such as methotrexate (MTX). This study aimed to analyze the impact of nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in , , and on MTX exposure, toxicities, and prognosis in 148 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The rs7311358 polymorphism was significantly associated with the median dose-normalized MTX concentrations at 24 h ( < .

Indications for the addition of a patellofemoral joint arthroplasty following a previous unicondylar knee arthroplasty- a literature review and Delphi consensus.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to establish an international consensus statement on the indications for the addition of a patellofemoral joint arthroplasty (PFJA) in patients with a unicondylar knee arthroplasty (UKA) and symptomatic progression of patellofemoral compartment osteoarthritis.

Materials And Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted, and the results used to inform the development of a statement by an expert working group. This was then evaluated and modified, using a Delphi process, by members of the European Knee Society (EKS).

Optimising fatigue, abdominal pain and faecal incontinence in people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD-BOOST Optimise): feasibility study of a checklist and algorithm for initial nurse-led management.

Objective: Many people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) experience fatigue, pain and faecal incontinence that some feel are inadequately addressed. It is unknown how many have potentially reversible medical issues underlying these symptoms.

Methods: We conducted a study testing the feasibility of a patient-reported symptom checklist and nurse-administered management algorithm ('Optimise') to manage common medical causes of IBD-related fatigue, pain and faecal incontinence.

The Impact of Genetic Polymorphism on Complication Development in Heart Failure Patients.

Despite the high progress that has been made in the field of cardiology, the left ventricular assist device (LVAD) can still cause complications (thrombosis/bleeding) in heart failure (HF) patients after implantation. Complications develop due to the incorrect dose of antithrombotic therapy, due to the influence of the non-physiological shear stress of the device, and also due to inherited genetic polymorphisms. Therefore, the aim of our study is to identify the influence of the genetic polymorphisms on complication development in HF patients with implanted LVADs with prescribed antiplatelet therapy.

Utilisation of Rosehip Waste Powder as a Functional Ingredient to Enrich Waffle Cones with Fibres, Polyphenols, and Carotenoids.

The solid waste generated from processing rosehip fruits into jam is valuable due to its rich content in fibres, polyphenols, and carotenoids; it could be valorised as a functional ingredient in a powder form to enrich food products. This study aimed to test its potential as a value-added ingredient, especially to enrich waffle cones with fibres, polyphenols, and carotenoids. In this regard, four formulations of waffle cones were prepared by partially substituting wheat flour with rosehip waste powder at 0%, 10%, 15%, and 20%, reaching concentrations of 0%, 3.

Valorization of Coffee Cherry By-Products Through Fermentation by Human Intestinal Lactobacilli in Functional Fermented Milk Beverages.

During coffee production, the removal and disposal of the coffee bean-surrounding layers pose an environmental problem. In this work, we examined the effects of several aqueous coffee cherry extracts on the growth and metabolism, biofilm formation, antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activity of six lactobacilli from the INIA collection and a commercial probiotic GG strain. Growth medium supplementation with different coffee cherry extracts (at 40%) stimulated strain growth and metabolism.

A New Approach to Recover Bioactive Compounds from Apple Pomace: Healthy Jelly Candies.

Rich in bioactive compounds, carbohydrates, fibers, minerals, and trace elements, apple pomace (AP) is a significant agro-industrial by-product, which pollutes and brings high management costs. The current study investigates the possibility of using an aqueous AP extract (APE) as the main ingredient in a jelly candy recipe, replacing artificial colors and flavors and improving its nutritional value. APE and formulated jelly candies were analyzed in terms of their phytochemical profile, antioxidant capacity, and color parameters.

Amelioration Effect of ZW3 on Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Symptoms in BALB/c Mice.

Previous studies have shown that supplementation with specific probiotics can be used to alleviate allergy symptoms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-allergic effects of ZW3 (ZW3) in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic mice. The mice were divided into six groups: the food allergy group, positive group ( GG), low-dose ZW3 group, middle-dose ZW3 group, high-dose ZW3 group, and the control group involving healthy mice.

Design and Characterization of Novel Polymeric Hydrogels with Protein Carriers for Biomedical Use.

Hydrogels are three-dimensional polymeric matrices capable of absorbing significant amounts of water or biological fluids, making them promising candidates for biomedical applications such as drug delivery and wound healing. In this study, novel hydrogels were synthesized using a photopolymerization method and modified with cisplatin-loaded protein carriers, as well as natural extracts of nettle () and chamomile ( L.).

In Situ Raman Spectroscopy-Enabled Microfluidic Gel Chromatography for Revealing Real-Time Separation Dynamics of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes.

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) exhibit distinct electronic properties, categorized as metallic or semiconducting, determined by their chirality. The precise and selective separation of these electronic types is pivotal for advancing nanotechnology applications. While conventional gel chromatography has been widely employed for large-scale separations, its limitations in addressing microscale dynamics and electronic-type differentiation have persisted.

Withdrawal of antitumour necrosis factor in inflammatory bowel disease patients in remission: a randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial of GETECCU.

Background And Objectives: Primary objectives: to compare the rates of sustained clinical remission at 12 months in patients treated with antitumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) and immunomodulators who withdraw anti-TNF treatment versus those who maintain it.

Secondary Objectives: to evaluate the effect of anti-TNF withdrawal on relapse-free time, endoscopic and radiological activity, safety, quality of life and work productivity; and to identify predictive factors for relapse.

Design: Prospective, quadruple-blind, multicentre, randomised, controlled trial.

Clinical feasibility of MRI-guided in-bore prostate biopsies at 0.55T.

Objective: In-bore MRI-guided biopsy allows direct visualization of suspicious lesions, biopsy needles, and trajectories, allowing accurate sampling when MRI-ultrasound fusion biopsy is not feasible. However, its use has been limited. Wide-bore, lower-field, and lower-cost scanners could help address these issues, but their feasibility for prostate biopsy is unknown.

Characteristics of successful expansion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from colorectal cancer liver metastasis.

Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) utilizing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has emerged as a successful treatment modality for various malignancies. However, TILs cultured from colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastasis remain underexplored. Fifteen CRC liver metastasis tissues underwent initial expansion (IE) of TILs and rapid expansion (REP).

Radiation-assisted tailoring of swelling behavior and water retention of Na-CMC/PAAm hydrogels for enhancing Beta Vulgaris under drought stress.

This study investigates the negative impact of climate change on water resources, specifically water for agricultural irrigation. It describes how to optimize swelling, gel properties and long-term water retention capacities of Na-CMC/PAAm hydrogels for managing drought stress of Sugar beet plants through techniques such as changing the composition, synthetic conditions and chemical modification. Gamma radiation-induced free radical copolymerization was used to synthesize superabsorbent hydrogels using sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC) and acrylamide (AAm).

Lignin-based ternary composite hydrogel for slow-release of fertilizer and soil water retention.

Slow-release hydrogel can effectively improve nutrient content of soil and reduce evaporation rate of the water. However, petroleum-based hydrogels will cause secondary pollution to soil. Herein, the nitrogen content of aminated lignin reached 7 % by Mannish reaction with microwave heating, and the influence of microwave heating on the aminated process of lignin was investigated.

Redefining the product portfolio of oilcane bagasse biorefinery: Recovering natural colorants, vegetative lipids and sugars.

Bioenergy crops have been known for their ability to produce biofuels and bioproducts. In this study, the product portfolio of recently developed transgenic sugarcane (oilcane) bagasse has been redefined for recovering natural pigments (anthocyanins), sugars, and vegetative lipids.The total anthocyanin content in oilcane bagasse has been estimated as 92.

Moisture-driven carbonation kinetics for ultrafast CO mineralization.

CO mineralization, a process where CO reacts with minerals to form stable carbonates, presents a sustainable approach for CO sequestration and mitigation of global warming. While the crucial role of water in regulating CO mineralization efficiency is widely acknowledged, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms remains elusive. This study employs a combined experimental and atomistic simulation approach to elucidate the intricate mechanisms governing moisture-driven carbonation kinetics of calcium-bearing minerals.

Comparative efficacy and safety of sitagliptin or gliclazide combined with metformin in treatment-naive patients with type 2 diabetes: A single-center, prospective, randomized, controlled, noninferiority study with genetic polymorphism analysis.

Background: This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of sitagliptin versus gliclazide, combined with metformin, in treatment-naive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and glucotoxicity.

Methods: In this single-center, randomized, controlled noninferiority trial, 129 treatment-naive patients with T2DM with glucotoxicity (fasting plasma glucose [FPG] ≥ 200 mg/dL and glycated hemoglobin ≥ 9.0%) were randomized to receive sitagliptin plus metformin (n = 66) or gliclazide plus metformin (n = 63) for 12 weeks.

Repurposing Licensed Drugs with Activity Against Epstein-Barr Virus for Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Approach.

Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is implicated as a necessary factor in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS) and may also be a driver of disease activity. Although it is not clear whether ongoing viral replication is the driver for MS pathology, MS researchers have considered the prospect of using drugs with potential efficacy against EBV in the treatment of MS. We have undertaken scientific and lived experience expert panel reviews to shortlist existing licensed therapies that could be used in later-stage clinical trials in MS.

Enhanced Osteoporosis Treatment via Nano Drug Coating Encapsulating GG.

Osteoporosis is the most common systemic skeletal disorder, particularly associated with aging and postmenopausal women. With the growing knowledge about the gut-bone axis, the therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis have been shifted toward regulating gut microbiota to promote positive bone metabolism. Although GG (LGG) is widely reported to positively regulate bone metabolism by restoring the dysbiotic microbiome, oral administration is associated with sensitivity to gastric fluid and low bioavailability.

Carboxymethyl-β-1,3-D-glucan (CMG)-gemcitabine conjugate improves the anticancer efficacy and alleviate the toxicity of gemcitabine (GEM).

Gemcitabine (GEM) is an antitumor drug approved by the US FDA in 1996. It is used to treat cancer and solid tumours, but its effectiveness is limited by toxicity. Carboxymethyl-β-1,3-D-glucan (CMG) is a derivative of β-glucan with improved solubility.

Accumulation of chlorinated paraffins in adipocytes is determined by cellular lipid content and chlorination level.

Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are environmental pollutants extensively used in industries. While the use of short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) has been restricted since 2017, the use of medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs) has risen as their replacement. Due to lipophilic character, it can be expected that CPs enter the cells; however, the in vitro accumulation potential of CPs remains poorly understood.