Harnessing of Sunflower Stalks by Hydrolysis and Fermentation with to Produce Biofuels.

A sequential valorization process of sunflower stalks was carried out using nitric acid (0.1-2 mol dm) as a hydrolytic agent and fermenting the hydrolysate of higher sugar concentration in the presence of the non-conventional yeast . Values reached for ethanol yield (0.

Sustained Release of Curcumin from Cur-LPs Loaded Adaptive Injectable Self-Healing Hydrogels.

Biological tissue defects are typically characterized by various shaped defects, and they are prone to inflammation and the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Therefore, it is still urgent to develop functional materials which can fully occupy and adhere to irregularly shaped defects by injection and promote the tissue repair process using antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Herein, in this work, phenylboronic acid modified oxidized hyaluronic acid (OHAPBA) was synthesized and dynamically crosslinked with catechol group modified glycol chitosan (GCHCA) and guar gum (GG) into a hydrogel loaded with curcumin liposomes (Cur-LPs) which were relatively uniformly distributed around 180 nm.

Impact of Different Land-Use Types on Soil Microbial Carbon Metabolism Function in Arid Region of Alpine Grassland.

There are discrepancies that exist in the effects of different land uses on soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil microbial carbon metabolism functions. However, the impact of land-use type changes on soil microbial carbon metabolism in alpine grassland arid areas is not well understood, hindering our understanding of the carbon cycling processes in these ecosystems. Therefore, we chose three types of land use (continuous reclamation of grassland (RG), abandoned grassland (AG), and natural grazing grassland (GG)) to study the microbial carbon metabolism and its driving factors by the Biolog-ECO method.

Benchmark Dose of Urinary Cadmium for Assessing Renal Tubular and Glomerular Function in a Cadmium-Polluted Area of Japan.

The aim of the present study was to apply an updated benchmark dose (BMD) approach to estimate reference urinary cadmium (U-Cd) for renal tubular and glomerular effects. This cross-sectional survey was conducted 30 years ago in 30 men and 44 women living in a Cd-polluted area and in 18 men and 18 women living in a non-polluted area. We applied an updated hybrid approach to estimate the BMDs and 95% lower confidence limits (BMDLs) of U-Cd for creatinine (Cr) clearance (CrCl), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), and β2-MG tubular reabsorption (%TRβ2-MG).

Color Compounds Removal from Tequila Vinasses Using Silica Gel Adsorbents Functionalized with Thiol Moieties: Equilibrium and Kinetics Studies.

Tequila vinasses are organic wastes generated during ethanol fermentation at elevated temperatures (≥90 °C) and pH ≤ 4.0, making them hazardous to the environment. This paper describes a new, simplified UV-vis spectroscopy-based procedure for monitoring the adsorption of color compounds in tequila vinasses onto silica-based adsorbents, along with an optimized synthesis method to produce the most efficient sol-gel synthesized thiol-functionalized adsorbent.

The Effect of Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles on Intestinal Epithelial Cell Proliferation.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammation disorder of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by disrupted intestinal epithelial barrier function. Despite advances in treatment, including biological agents, achieving sustained remission remains challenging for many patients with IBD. This highlights the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies.

Systematic Review of , , , , , and Gene Polymorphisms and Meta-Analysis of Variant and Its Association with Overweight and Obesity Risk in Men.

Obesity is a complex health risk influenced by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. This review systematically assessed the association between interleukin gene polymorphisms (rs16944, rs17561, rs1143623, rs1143633, rs1143634, rs1800587, rs2234677, and rs4848306), (rs180275, rs1805010, rs13306435, rs1800795, rs1800796, rs1800797, rs2228145, rs2228145, rs2229238, and rs4845623), (rs1518110, rs1518111, rs1800871, rs1800872, rs1800896, rs1878672, rs2834167, rs3024491, rs3024496, rs3024498, and rs3024505), (rs3136617, rs3136618, and rs2296135), and (rs187238, rs1946518, rs2272127, rs2293225, and rs7559479) and the risk of overweight and obesity in adults, focusing on rs1800795 through a meta-analysis. The focus on in this review arises from its pleiotropic nature and unclear effect on obesity risk.

The Influence of Genetic Polymorphisms in Cytochrome P450 (CYP1A1 and 2D6) Gene on the Susceptibility to Philadelphia Negative Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Sudanese Patients.

The most frequent type of leukemia in Africa is chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The genetic background of the rarer Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) Ph-ve (BCR-ABL-ve) subform of CML is largely unknown in African patients. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the role of CYP1A1 and 2D6 SNPs in the pathogenesis of Ph-ve CML in the Sudanese population.

Evaluating and Gene Polymorphisms and Serum Protein Levels and Their Association with Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Its Treatment Efficiency.

: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness, affecting millions worldwide. Its pathogenesis involves the death of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), followed by photoreceptor degeneration. Although AMD is multifactorial, various genetic markers are strongly associated with the disease and may serve as biomarkers for evaluating treatment efficacy.

Retrospective Clinical Outcomes of Keratoplasty Using Human Donor Corneas Preserved in Eusol-C Hypothermic Storage Medium.

To evaluate the clinical outcomes of cornea transplantation (penetrating keratoplasty, Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty, Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty, and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty) using donor corneas stored in Eusol-C hypothermic storage medium compared to corneas stored in organ-culture. : The clinical outcomes of 92 patients who underwent corneal transplantation with human donor corneas stored in Eusol-C medium at 2-8 °C were retrospectively evaluated. The control group consisted of 169 patients who received corneas organ-cultured at 31 °C.

Urinary GADD45G Protein Excretion Is Associated with IgA Nephropathy Progression.

: Growth arrest and DNA damage 45G (GADD45G) is a family of proteins involved in DNA damage response and cell growth arrest. In this study, we show evidence that urinary GADD45G protein is associated with the progression of IgA nephropathy. : Patients diagnosed with IgA nephropathy without reversible acute kidney injury at study initiation and with at least one subsequent serum creatinine (SCr) measurement were included.

Paid Domestic Work and Depressive Symptoms in Mexico: Results of a National Health Survey.

Paid domestic work (PDW) is an important source of employment for the global female workforce. It is frequently performed under precarious working conditions and occupational risks that are often associated with depressive symptoms (DSs). Although 10% (2.

Genetic Associations of () and () with Prediabetes in the Ethnic Kazakh Population.

Background: This study aims to investigate the genetic contribution of polymorphic variants of the () and () genes to the risk of developing prediabetes in individuals of Kazakh ethnicity.

Materials And Methods: This was a case-control study involving 200 cases with prediabetes and 200 prediabetes-free controls, aged 16-60 years ( = 400). Real-time polymerase chain reaction on a StepOnePlus instrument (Applied Biosystems, USA), employing the TaqMan method for site-specific amplification and genotyping of the () and () genes was used.

Improvement of Bioactive Components and Technological Quality of Gluten-Free Pasta with Utilization of Different Carrot Powders, Guar Gum and Pregelatinization Application.

In this study, carrot (orange and black) powder substitution (0-15%) and different dough applications (guar gum (GG) addition, pregelatinization (PG) and a PG + GG combination) were researched in gluten-free pasta preparation to improve the bioactive components and technological properties. Some quality attributes and bioactive components of the pasta were determined. Black carrot powder substitution into the pasta revealed rich functional properties with higher total dietary fiber (TDF), Ca, K, Mg, P and total phenolic content (TPC) than orange carrot powder.

Investigation of Rheological and Flow Properties of Buckwheat Dough with and Without Xanthan and Guar Gums for Optimized 3D Food Printing Across Temperature Variations.

Buckwheat () is a gluten-free crop valued for its protein, fiber, and essential minerals. This study investigates the rheological properties of buckwheat (BW) dough, both with and without the addition of gums (no gum, guar (GG), xanthan (XG)), at varying barrel temperatures (25, 55, and 85 °C) of the rheometer and at different water content levels (45, 50, and 55% /) to optimize dough formulations for 3D food printing. Using high shear stress capillary tests, the consistency coefficient (K) and flow behavior index (n) were measured.

Debranched Lentil Starch-Sodium Alginate-Based Encapsulated Particles of GG: Morphology, Structural Characterization, In Vitro Release Behavior, and Storage Stability.

Starches with different degrees of debranching (DBS30, DBS60, and DBS90) and sodium alginate were used as the wall material for encapsulating particles of GG (LGG). The structural characteristics of these encapsulated particles were examined, along with the impact of varying levels of debranching on the encapsulation efficiency, the in vitro release of LGG under the simulated gastrointestinal environment, and the storage stability of the encapsulated particles. The results revealed a transformation in the crystalline polymorph from C- to B+V-type following debranching and retrogradation.

A Novel Variant in a Charcot-Marie-Tooth Type 2: Insights from Familial Analysis.

Background/objectives: Axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 (CMT2) accounts for 24% of Hereditary Motor/Sensory Peripheral Neuropathies. CMT2 type GG, due to four distinct heterozygous mutations in the Golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 () gene (OMIM 606483), was described in seven cases from four unrelated families with autosomal dominant inheritance. It is characterized by slowly progressive distal muscle weakness and atrophy, primarily affecting the lower limbs.

The VEGFA rs2010963 Gene Polymorphism Is a Potential Genetic Risk Factor for Myocardial Infarction in Slovenian Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a life-threatening condition caused by the chronic gradual narrowing of the lumen of the blood vessels of the heart by atherosclerotic plaque with a strong genetic component. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between the polymorphism rs2010963 and myocardial infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes, as well as the expression of VEGFA. A total of 1589 unrelated Caucasians with T2DM lasting longer than 10 years were divided into two groups: case group subjects with MI (484) and a control group without a history of CAD (1105).

Effects of DHEA and DHEAS in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury.

Neonatal brain injury remains a significant issue with limited treatment options. This study investigates the potential of the endogenous neurosteroid dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate ester (DHEAS) as neuroprotective agents, building on evidence of their mechanisms in adult brain injury models. The primary objective was to evaluate their neuroprotective and anti-oxidative properties in a mouse model of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.

Comparative Analysis of Sustainable Extraction Methods and Green Solvents for Olive Leaf Extracts with Antioxidant and Antihyperglycemic Activities.

Olive leaves are agro-industrial waste that pose an environmental management problem. However, they contain polyphenolic compounds with important bioactive properties beneficial to human. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of two extraction technologies (pressurized liquid extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction) combined with green solvents (pure water, 15% ethanol, and 15% glycerol) at 50 °C and 70 °C.

Study of Variation of Gene Among Different Horse Breeds Maintained in Iran.

The gene is vital for fatty acid metabolism and is linked to environmental stress and physical exertion adaptation. The p.Asp237Ser variant (rs782885985) in is associated with increased enzyme activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels.

Sequence analysis of the 5' region of the chymotrypsin C (CTRC) gene in chronic pancreatitis.

Background/objectives: Loss-of-function chymotrypsin C (CTRC) variants increase the risk for chronic pancreatitis (CP) by reducing protective pancreatic CTRC activity. Variants in the 5' upstream region that includes the promoter might affect CTRC expression but have not been investigated to date. The aim of the present study was to address this knowledge gap.

Optimisation of activated carbon from fruit stones and shells derived via molten salt activation for dye removal.

Recent advancements in activated carbon production involve molten salt activation using a eutectic mixture of ZnCl-NaCl-KCl. This study explores the production of activated carbon from fruit waste, specifically walnut shells, using a 60:20:20 mol % eutectic mixture. Optimal conditions were identified through response surface methodology, with 400 °C and a salt-to-biomass ratio of 10 g/g, yielding a surface area of 276 m/g.