Gemcitabine-Loaded Microbeads for Transarterial Chemoembolization of Rabbit Renal Tumor Monitored by F-FDG Positron Emission Tomography/X-Ray Computed Tomography Imaging.

Background/objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop the gemcitabine-loaded drug-eluting beads (G-DEBs) for transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in rabbit renal tumors and to evaluate their antitumor effect using 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/X-ray computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT).

Methods: DEBs were prepared by polyvinyl alcohol-based macromer crosslinked with -acryl tyrosine and ,'-methylenebis(acrylamide). Gemcitabine was loaded through ion change to obtain G-DEBs.

Designing for medication adherence in inflammatory bowel disease: multi-disciplinary approaches for self-administrable biotherapeutics.

Biotherapeutics are among the therapeutics that have revolutionized standard inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treatment, which was previously limited to mesalamine, 5-aminosalicylic acid, corticosteroids, and classical immunosuppressants. Self-administrable biotherapeutics for IBD would enable home-based treatment and reduce the burden on medical infrastructure. Self-administration is made possible through subcutaneous injectable, oral, and rectal dosage forms.

Prognostic implications and therapeutic opportunities related to CAF subtypes in CMS4 colorectal cancer: insights from single-cell and bulk transcriptomics.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) significantly influence tumor progression and therapeutic resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the distributions and functions of CAF subpopulations vary across the four consensus molecular subtypes (CMSs) of CRC. This study performed single-cell RNA and bulk RNA sequencing and revealed that myofibroblast-like CAFs (myCAFs), tumor-like CAFs (tCAFs), inflammatory CAFs (iCAFs), CXCL14CAFs, and MTCAFs are notably enriched in CMS4 compared with other CMSs of CRC.

The molecular mechanism of gemcitabine in inhibiting the HIF-1α/VEGFB/FGF2/FGFR1 signaling pathway for ovarian cancer treatment.

Ovarian cancer is a common malignant tumor in women, exhibiting a certain sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs like gemcitabine (GEM). This study, through the analysis of ovarian cancer single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data and transcriptome data post-GEM treatment, identifies the pivotal role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) in regulating the treatment process. The results reveal that HIF-1α modulates the expression of VEGF-B, thereby inhibiting the fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2)/FGFR1 signaling pathway and impacting tumor formation.

Identification and validation the predictive biomarkers based on risk-adjusted control chart in gemcitabine with or without erlotinib for pancreatic cancer therapy.

Background: In a randomized clinical controlled trial (PA.3) conducted by the Canadian Cancer Trials Group, the effects of gemcitabine combined with the targeted drug erlotinib (GEM-E) gemcitabine alone (GEM) on patients with unresectable, locally advanced, or metastatic pancreatic cancer were studied. This trial statistically demonstrated that the GEM-E combination therapy moderately improves overall survival (OS) of patients.

Review of the 'second degree' universities of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) specialists and trainees in the UK. Locations of their graduate entry medicine and graduate entry dentistry degrees, graduating between 1979-2019.

By spending 3-5 years in a single location studying for their second degree, OMFS trainees often put down domestic roots which they are reluctant to pull up to complete their training elsewhere. The universities at which OMFS specialists/trainees obtained their second degrees were assembled using the General Medical Council's OMFS specialist list, the General Dental Council's Dental Register and a database of OMFS trainees and consultants. The second degrees of 818 past and current OMFS specialists/trainees were analysed.

General access to furan-substituted -difluoroalkenes enabled by PFTB-promoted cross-coupling of ene-yne-ketones and difluorocarbene.

Replacement of a carbonyl group with fluorinated bioisostere (, CF[double bond, length as m-dash]C) has been adopted as a key tactical strategy in drug design and development, which typically improves potency and modulates lipophilicity while maintaining biological activity. Consequently, new -difluoroalkenation reactions have undoubtedly accelerated this shift, and conceptually innovative practices would be of great benefit to medicinal chemists. Here we describe an expeditous protocol for the direct assembly of furan-substituted -difluoroalkenes PFTB-promoted cross-coupling of ene-yne-ketones and difluorocarbene.

A case report and review of literature on idiopathic ascites after laparoscopic appendectomy - A surgeon's dilemma.

Acute appendicitis is one of the most common emergency surgical conditions, typically treated by laparoscopic appendectomy in most centres. Post-operative ascites is a rare complication after laparoscopic surgery, especially in the absence of a bowel, urinary tract or lymphatic injury. This condition creates a diagnostic challenge for surgeons, even after thorough investigation.

Comparison of the efficacy of nal-IRI+5FU/LV and S-1 in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer refractory to gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel.

Introduction: Nanoliposomal irinotecan (nal-IRI) + 5- fluorouracil (FU)/leucovorin (LV) is the new standard second-line therapy for advanced pancreatic cancer (PC). Tegafur, gimeracil, and oteracil potassium (S-1) have been used in advanced PC after gemcitabine (GEM) plus nab-paclitaxel treatment, but the clinical difference between nal-IRI+5-FU/LV and S-1 remains unclear.

Methods: We retrospectively compared the efficacy and safety of nal-IRI+5-FU/LV and S-1 in patients with advanced PC refractory to GEM plus nab-paclitaxel.

Hydrogel-based nonwoven with persistent porosity for whole-stage hypertonic wound healing by regulating of water vaporization enthalpy.

Moisture induced by wound exudate is crucial throughout the wound repair process. The dressing directly affects the absorption, permeation, and evaporation of the wound exudate. However, most dressings in clinical often result in excessive dryness or moisture of wound due to their monotonous structure and function, leading to ineffective thermodynamic control of evaporation enthalpy.

A pilot study on the efficacy of a telomerase activator in regulating the proliferation of A375 skin cancer cell line.

Introduction: The changes in histone modifications are linked to the progression of benign and normal tissue to malignancy. Thus, numerous findings suggest that targeting epigenetic factors might be a focus for anti-cancer treatment. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that telomerase activator might be a potential epigenetic regulator in combatting skin cancer cell proliferation.

Intratumoural expression of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase is an independent prognostic factor in resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma treated with adjuvant gemcitabine.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with a poor prognosis, and biomarkers to guide treatment decisions in PDAC are generally lacking. Intratumoural expression of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) is a potential prognostic parameter in patients with PDAC undergoing surgical resection and postoperative chemotherapy. In the present study, DPD was analysed by immunohistochemistry of a tissue microarray platform including a real-world cohort of 495 patients with PDAC who had undergone resection with curative intent at any of three tertiary centres, including Northern, Western and Southeastern regions of Sweden, between 1993 and 2019.

Placental Pathology and Blood Pressure at Age 7: A Longitudinal Discordant Twin Analysis.

Background: Evidence suggests that the intrauterine environment shapes offspring cardiovascular disease risk. Although placental dysfunction may be an important pathophysiologic pathway, numerous parental and pregnancy characteristics that influence offspring blood pressure are strong confounders of the mechanistic role of the placenta in observational analyses of singletons. Therefore, we leverage twin- and sibling-based comparison designs to determine whether placental pathology is associated with offspring blood pressure at age 7 while mitigating major sources of confounding.

Oncologic Outcomes of Sequential Intravesical Gemcitabine and Docetaxel Compared with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin in Patients with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-Unresponsive Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Background And Objective: Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients treated with additional bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) may become unresponsive to BCG. Recently, sequential intravesical gemcitabine and docetaxel (gem/doce) are being used for NMIBC. This study aims to compare oncologic outcomes between sequential intravesical gem/doce versus additional BCG in patients with BCG-unresponsive NMIBC.

The combination of gemcitabine and albumin-bound paclitaxel effectively inhibits de novo lipogenesis in pancreatic cancer cells by targeting the AMPK/SREBP1 pathway.

Abnormal de novo lipogenesis and reprogramming of lipid metabolism have been associated with the development and progression of various cancers, including pancreatic cancer. Gemcitabine (GEM) combined with albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-PTX) is the first-line chemotherapeutic agent for pancreatic cancer. There have been many studies on the molecular mechanisms of gemcitabine and paclitaxel in cancer treatment.

A Novel circ_0075829/miR-326/GOT1 ceRNA Crosstalk Regulates the Malignant Phenotypes and Drug Sensitivity of Gemcitabine-Resistant Pancreatic Cancer Cells.

Although gemcitabine (GEM) is the cornerstone of the treatment of pancreatic cancer (PC), GEM resistance frequently arises. Circular RNA (circRNA) circ_0075829 is highly expressed in PC. However, whether circ_0075829 contributes to GEM resistance of PC is largely unknown.

An Evaluation of a Point-of-Care GEM Premier ChemSTAT Analyzer in an Emergency Department: Prevention of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy and Optimization of Patient Flow.

Having a laboratory renal profile for medical imaging examinations requiring contrast media (CM) administration is strongly advised. Creatinine helps identify patients at risk of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). The GEM Premier™ ChemSTAT (Werfen) is a point-of-care (POC) analyzer with 12 emergency parameters, including a creatinine assay.

Effect of graded exercise rehabilitation based on pulmonary function classification on dyspnea, pulmonary function, and exercise capacity in elderly lung cancer patients.

Objective: To investigate the effects of graded exercise rehabilitation training tailored to pulmonary function classification on dyspnea, pulmonary function, and exercise capacity during postoperative rehabilitation in elderly patients following lung cancer surgery.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data from 168 elderly patients undergoing postoperative rehabilitation after lung cancer surgery at Panjin Liaohe Oilfield Gem Flower Hospital from January 2021 to December 2022. Patients were divided into two groups based on the rehabilitation received: the control group (n=71), receiving standard rehabilitation, and the study group (n=97), receiving additional graded exercise rehabilitation based on pulmonary function classification.

Expression profile of Bcl-2 family proteins in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients.

Antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins are involved in myeloma cell survival. To date, their expression in multiple myeloma (MM) patients has mostly been analyzed at the RNA level. In the present study, we quantified for the first time the protein expression of the Bcl2-family members using a capillary electrophoresis immunoassay in 120 newly diagnosed MM patients, aged ≤65 years, treated in the context of the PETHEMA/GEM2012 study.

POU4F1 enhances lung cancer gemcitabine resistance by regulating METTL3-dependent TWF1 mRNA N6 adenosine methylation.

Unlabelled: This study aimed to investigate the role of POU Class 4 Homeobox 1 (POU4F1) in regulating gemcitabine (GEM) resistance in lung cancer cells. The mRNA and protein expressions were assessed using RT-qPCR, western blot, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry. Cell viability and proliferation were assessed by CCK-8 assay and EdU assay.

High-risk cytogenetic abnormalities in multiple myeloma: PETHEMA-GEM experience.

This study examines the impact of cytogenetic abnormalities and their co-segregation on the prognosis of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients. The analysis included 1304 patients from four different GEM-PETHEMA clinical trials. Genetic alterations, such as t(4;14), t(14;16), del(17p), +1q, and del(1p), were investigated using FISH on CD38 purified plasma cells.

The GATA-3-dependent transcriptome and tumor microenvironment are regulated by eIF4E and XPO1 in T-cell lymphomas.

The transcription factor GATA-3 and the transcriptional program it regulates have emerged as oncogenic drivers across diverse T-cell lymphomas (TCL), many of which are resistant to conventional chemotherapeutic agents and characterized by recurrent losses of key tumor suppressor genes, including TP53 and PTEN, both of which are clients of the nuclear export protein XPO1. Here we demonstrated that XPO1 is highly expressed by malignant T cells expressing GATA-3 and by lymphoma-associated macrophages (LAM) within their tumor microenvironment (TME). Using complementary genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models, we demonstrated that TP53 and/or PTEN deficient TCL, and LAM within their TME, are sensitive to the selective XPO1 antagonist selinexor.

A comparative analysis of the safety profiles between inclisiran and other PCSK9 inhibitors from real-world evidence - what have we learned recently?

Background: Inclisiran is a novel inhibitor of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). This study aimed to explore its safety profiles.

Research Design And Methods: Reports from FDA Adverse Event Reporting System were collected and analyzed from January 2021 to September 2023.