Folded-flap palatoplasty is not superior to cut-and-sew staphylectomy for the treatment of brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome in English Bulldogs.

Objective: To determine whether folded-flap palatoplasty (FFP) results in improved respiratory outcomes compared to standard staphylectomy (SS).

Methods: English Bulldogs were randomized to receive FFP or SS in a parallel, equal-allocation, prospective study design at a single institution. Exercise-tolerance testing (ETT), arterial blood gas, head CT, and an owner survey were completed preoperatively and at recheck (approx 30 days postoperatively).

Additive Value of Polygenic Risk Score to Family History for Type 2 Diabetes Prediction: Results From the All of Us Research Database.

Objective: The goal of this study was to assess the additive value of considering type 2 diabetes (T2D) polygenic risk score (PRS) in addition to family history for T2D prediction.

Research Design And Methods: Data were obtained from the All of Us (AoU) research database. First-degree T2D family history was self-reported on the personal family history health questionnaire.

Postoperative Radiotherapy ± Cetuximab for Intermediate-Risk Head and Neck Cancer.

Purpose: Radiotherapy (RT)/cetuximab (C) demonstrated superiority over RT alone for locally advanced squamous head and neck cancer. We tested this in completely resected, intermediate-risk cancer.

Methods: Patients had squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) of the oral cavity, oropharynx, or larynx, with one or more risk factors warranting postoperative RT.

The Heterogeneous Presentations of De Novo and Recurrent Ocular Inflammation following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Multi-Center Report and a Review of the Literature.

Purpose: To describe the patterns of ocular inflammation following COVID-19 vaccination, assess underlying commonalities and understand outcomes.

Methods: Retrospective, multicenter cohort study, conducted between 2020 and 2021. Patients with no previous uveitis history (de novo) or a known uveitis history (recurrent) who developed ocular inflammation within 42 days of COVID-19 vaccination were identified.

Vitreous cavity lavage with a bended-needle system for postoperative vitreous cavity hemorrhage.

Purpose: To present a novel bended-needle drainage system in vitreous cavity lavage (VCL) for postoperative vitreous cavity hemorrhage (POVCH).

Methods: This retrospective case series include all patients with POVCH who received VCL with the bended-needle drainage system at ophthalmology department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2022 to May 2024. Patients adopted a supine position that allows preparation and draping.

Red Breast Syndrome-Where Has It Gone?: A Systematic Review of Red Breast Syndrome Incidence Overtime.

Background: Red breast syndrome (RBS) has been noted in past literature as a possible complication of implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR) with the use of acellular dermal matrices (ADMs). Since its first appearance in 2009, RBS has drawn growing medical attention with reported incidence ranging from 7%-9%. There has been a noted decrease in the emergence of RBS despite its inclusion among the analyzed complications in a number of studies.

Accuracy of Intraocular Lens Power Calculation Based on Distance from Haptic to Principal Object Plane.

Purpose: To investigate the impact of the distance from the most-anterior surface of the optic to the principal object plane (POP) and from the foremost haptic to the principal object plane (H-POP) on the intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation.

Setting: A tertiary hospital.

Design: Optical simulation and retrospective cross-sectional study.

Spleen stiffness in a healthy pediatric population undergoing liver magnetic resonance elastography.

Background: Splenic stiffness is a potential imaging marker of portal hypertension. Normative spleen stiffness values are needed to define diagnostic thresholds.

Objective: To report stiffness measurements of the spleen in healthy children undergoing liver magnetic resonance (MR) elastography across MRI vendors and field strengths.

Psychological Challenges of Adults With Severe Mental Illness During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic was an unprecedented global health crisis. Vulnerable populations with preexisting mental illness have been disproportionately burdened and may experience adverse mental health outcomes related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Our objective was to evaluate the association between COVID-19 diagnosis, known exposure to COVID-19, sheltering in place, symptom severity, psychological distress, and depression severity among adults with severe mental illness (SMI).

Correction: Single glucose molecule transport process revealed by force tracing and molecular dynamics simulations.

Correction for 'Single glucose molecule transport process revealed by force tracing and molecular dynamics simulations' by Yangang Pan , , 2018, , 517-524, https://doi.org/10.1039/C8NH00056E.

Intimate Partner Violence Among LGBTQ+ Adults in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

We present the first systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature on intimate partner violence (IPV) among LGBTQ+ adults in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Of 1,234 articles, 22 met inclusion criteria, and data were extracted for 4 key research areas: prevalence, measurement, risk and protective factors, and interventions. LGBTQ+ adults in LAC experience IPV at similar or higher rates than those documented among cisgender heterosexuals, with estimates ranging from 0.

Development of the Foot and Ankle Activity Level Scale (FAALS) Instrument.

Background: Activity level is a benchmark to document patient recovery; however, there is a lack of instrumentation to measure activity level specific to the foot and ankle. The purpose of this study was to develop a foot and ankle activity level scale (FAALS) instrument that will serve as an effective clinical tool for practitioners by assigning an activity level to patients.

Methods: This was a 4-phase study with 3 rounds of data collection (n = 1432).

Factors associated with early onset hypocalcemia: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Early onset hypocalcemia, occurring within 3 days of birth, is prevalent among preterm infants. A central line is required to deliver calcium (Ca). The prediction of hypocalcemia is therefore clinically important when the requirement for initial intravascular calcium administration is anticipated.

Mineral Stress Drives Loss of Heterochromatin: An Early Harbinger of Vascular Inflammaging and Calcification.

Background: Vascular calcification is a detrimental aging pathology markedly accelerated in patients with chronic kidney disease. Prelamin A is a biomarker of vascular smooth muscle cell aging that accelerates calcification however the mechanisms remain undefined.

Methods: Vascular smooth muscle cells were transduced with prelamin A using an adenoviral vector and epigenetic modifications were monitored using immunofluorescence and targeted polymerase chain reaction array.

Co-methylation networks associated with cognition and structural brain development during adolescence.

Introduction: Typical adolescent neurodevelopment is marked by decreases in grey matter (GM) volume, increases in myelination, measured by fractional anisotropy (FA), and improvement in cognitive performance.

Methods: To understand how epigenetic changes, methylation (DNAm) in particular, may be involved during this phase of development, we studied cognitive assessments, DNAm from saliva, and neuroimaging data from a longitudinal cohort of normally developing adolescents, aged nine to fourteen. We extracted networks of methylation with patterns of correlated change using a weighted gene correlation network analysis (WCGNA).

Preoperative anemia is associated with prolonged hospital stay and increased facility discharges after glioblastoma resection.

Background: Despite numerous operative and non-operative treatment modalities, patients with glioblastoma (GBM) have a dismal prognosis. Identifying predictors of survival and recurrence is an essential strategy for guiding treatment decisions, and existing literature demonstrates associations between hematologic data and clinical outcomes in cancer patients. As such, we provide a novel analysis that examines associations between preoperative hematologic data and postoperative outcomes following GBM resection.

Wildland fire entrainment: The missing link between wildland fire and its environment.

Wildfires are growing in destructive power, and accurately predicting the spread and intensity of wildland fire is essential for managing ecological and societal impacts. No current operational models used for fire behavior prediction resolve critical fire-atmospheric coupling or nonlocal influences of the fire environment, rendering them inadequate in accounting for the range of wildland fire behavior scenarios under increasingly novel fuel and climate conditions. Here, we present a new perspective on a dominant fire-atmospheric feedback mechanism, which we term wildland fire entrainment (WFE).

Modulation of Autophagy and Nitric Oxide Signaling via Glycyrrhizic Acid and 7-Nitroindazole in MPTP-induced Parkinson's Disease Model.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by dopaminergic (DA) neuron loss, Lewy body build-up, and motor dysfunction. One of the primary pathogenic mechanisms of PD development is autophagy dysfunction and nitric oxide-mediated neurotoxicity.

Purpose: The current study focuses on autophagy and nitric oxide (NO) signaling roles in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-intoxicated PD mice and their protection by their modulators.

Gallic acid: a dietary metabolite's therapeutic potential in the management of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) causes significant morbidity and mortality globally. Most of the chemicals specifically target certain pathways and minimally impact other diseases associated with ASCVD. Moreover, interactions of these drugs can cause toxic reactions.

Social media activism and women's health: Endometriosis awareness and support.

Objective: While endometriosis is estimated to affect 1 in 10 women globally, awareness of the disease as well as research and funding to fight the disease remains lacking as compared with other chronic diseases. This study examines how social media users utilized Instagram to raise awareness of and mobilize activism around endometriosis by analyzing prominent topics, word associations, and feminism themes in endometriosis-tagged posts on Instagram.

Methods: We used a mixed-method approach of combining computational analyses (topic modeling and word association) and human coding (qualitative thematic analysis) of Instagram posts on endometriosis.

Honey bees rely on associative stimulus strength after training on an olfactory transitive inference task.

Transitive inference, the ability to establish hierarchical relationships between stimuli, is typically tested by training with premise pairs (e.g., A + B-, B + C-, C + D-, D + E-), which establishes a stimulus hierarchy (A > B > C > D > E).

Persistent bilateral sclerouveitis following bimatoprost implantation and removal.

Purpose: To report a case of persistent bilateral sclerouveitis following bilateral bimatoprost implantation (Durysta) that required implant removal and oral steroid course.

Observation: A 75-year-old Caucasian male with no prior ocular inflammation experienced bilateral sclerouveitis post bilateral bimatoprost implantation. Despite implant removal from both eyes, the ocular inflammation persisted, showing cystoid macular edema in both eyes and exudative retinal detachment in the right.

Controversies in fecal incontinence.

Fecal incontinence is a common condition that can significantly impact patients' quality of life. Obstetric anal sphincter injury and anorectal surgeries are common etiologies. Endoanal ultrasound and anorectal manometry are important diagnostic tools for evaluating patients.