Mid-Term Results of Pulmonary Valve-Sparing Repair for Tetralogy of Fallot With Pulmonary Stenosis.

Objective: The transannular patch remains the most common procedure performed for patients with Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) with pulmonary stenosis. Pulmonary regurgitation has a negative impact on early and late outcomes. To address this issue pulmonary valve-sparing repair (PVSR) has been developed.

A Case Report of Verheij Syndrome.

Verheij syndrome (VRJS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a range of developmental issues and physical abnormalities. This condition is caused by mutations or deletions in the PUF60 (poly-U-binding factor 60 kDa) gene, which is located on the long arm of chromosome 8, specifically in the q24.3 region.

Short-Term Results With Ozaki Valved Conduit-A Simple Solution for Patients Needing Right Ventricle to Pulmonary Artery Conduit in a Low-Resource Setting.

Background: The repair of certain types of complex congenital cardiac defects may require a right ventricle-pulmonary artery (RV-PA) conduit. Using the Ozaki Aortic valve neocuspidization (AVNeo)technique, a valved RV-PA conduit was constructed with an Ozaki valve inside a Dacron graft. This study aims to evaluate the short-term outcome of the Ozaki valved RV-PA conduit.

An inverted left atrial appendage-when it gives a surprise on the table.

A newly identified left atrial (LA) mass on a post-repair intraoperative transoesphageal echocardiogram (TEE), following a left ventricle (LV) thrombectomy, will make the surgical team wonder-whether a part of the thrombus has been dislodged into the LA or what else could it be? This report is about a 34-year-old male who underwent LV thrombectomy, for whom the post cardiopulmonary bypass intra-operative TEE showed a new LA mass that turned out to be an inverted left atrial appendage on exploration.

Generalized Arterial Calcification of Infancy Mimicking Coarctation of Aorta in a Neonate.

Generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI) is a rare genetic condition with varied clinical presentation. Consequently, diagnosis is frequently delayed or missed. GACI has a poor prognosis, with more than half of patients dying before the age of 6 months.

Effects of on-table extubation on resource utilization and maternal anxiety in children undergoing congenital heart surgery in a low-resource environment.

Objective: To study the applicability of on-table extubation (OTE) protocol following congenital cardiac surgery in a low-resource setting and its impact on the length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, hospital stay, hospitalization cost, parental anxiety, and nurse anxiety.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective, nonrandomized, observational single-center study, we included all children above 1 year of age undergoing congenital cardiac surgery. We evaluated them for the feasibility of OTE using a prespecified protocol following separation from cardiopulmonary bypass.

Structural valve failure of TTK Chitra heart valve prosthesis.

Mechanical prosthetic valve dysfunction can be structural or non-structural. Structural valve dysfunction includes disc dislodgement, disc fracture, and strut fracture. These events in an implanted valve are rare but could pose a risk to life.

Cryo-transbronchial lung biopsy in the diagnosis of IgG4-related lung disease.

IgG4-related lung disease is a diagnostic challenge as the presenting patterns can mimic other commonly seen pulmonary diseases like infections, interstitial pneumonia, malignancy, etc. The diagnosis of IgG4-related disease requires a correlation of clinical, radiological, biochemical, and histopathological features. Especially, an adequate tissue sample is necessary to diagnose this disease confidently.

Indian Academy of Pediatrics Revised Guidelines on Evaluation, Prevention and Management of Childhood Obesity.

Justification: The last guidelines for pediatric obesity were released in 2004 by Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP). Since then, there has been an alarming increase in prevalence and a significant shift in our understanding in the pathogenesis, risk factors, evaluation, and management of pediatric obesity and its complications. Thus, it was decided to revise and update the previous recommendations.

A Rare Entity: Double Outlet of Both Ventricles.

Double outlet of both ventricles is an anomaly wherein both ventricles equally share the arterial trunks. A majority of the literature describes a variant of this disease with a muscular outlet septum which is perpendicular to the plane of the ventricular septum although a variant with a fibrous muscular septum can also be present. The condition may be associated with obstruction of either outflow tract, which may complicate repair.

Five-year outcomes of off and on-pump CABG: Insights from PROMOTE Patency Trial.

Background: There are limited studies reporting follow-up outcome data comparing of off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) with on-pump (ONCAB) technique. The aim of the study was to report the 5-year clinical outcomes of OPCAB and ONCAB in a post hoc analysis of the PROMOTE patency trial.

Methods: From March 2016 through March 2017, a total of 321 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were randomised to either the off-pump or the on-pump technique.

Gynecomastia.

Enlargement of breasts among boys is termed gynecomastia. This could be due to an alteration in the androgen-estrogen ratio along with the effects of other hormones including growth hormone, insulin like growth factor 1, prolactin, and other factors affecting aromatase enzyme. The common causes of gynecomastia are pubertal gynecomastia, obesity, drugs and hypogonadism.

Cardiotoxicity with Yellow Cow Dung Poisoning.

Cow dung powder coloring agent poisoning is common in Southern Tamil Nadu. Both yellow and green varieties are common. Yellow cow dung poisoning usually produces central nervous system (CNS) and hepatic involvement as well as gastrointestinal problems.

COVID-19 infected ST-Elevation myocardial infarction in India (COSTA INDIA).

Objective: To find out differences in the presentation, management and outcomes of COVID-19 infected STEMI patients compared to age and sex-matched non-infected STEMI patients treated during the same period.

Methods: This was a retrospective multicentre observational registry in which we collected data of COVID-19 positive STEMI patients from selected tertiary care hospitals across India. For every COVID-19 positive STEMI patient, two age and sex-matched COVID-19 negative STEMI patients were enrolled as control.

Van Wyk Grumbach Syndrome and Ovarian Hyperstimulation in Juvenile Primary Hypothyroidism: Lessons From a 30-Case Cohort.

Context: Prolonged hypothyroidism in children commonly causes short stature with delayed bone maturation, and delayed puberty. However, a paradoxical occurrence of peripheral precocious puberty and pituitary enlargement in chronically untreated juvenile hypothyroidism was first reported by Van Wyk and Grumbach in 1960.

Objective: To create increased awareness and a better understanding of this clinical entity among emergency room physicians, pediatricians, surgeons, gynecologists and oncologists.

Multi-Institutional Clinical Outcomes of Biopsy Gleason Grade Group 5 Prostate Cancers Treated With Contemporary High-Dose Radiation and Long-Term Androgen Deprivation Therapy.

Aims: This multicentric retrospective study reports long-term clinical outcomes of non-metastatic grade group 5 prostate cancers treated with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) alone with long-term androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).

Materials And Methods: Patients treated across 19 institutions were studied. The key endpoints that were evaluated were 5-year biochemical recurrence-free survival (bRFS), metastases-free survival (MFS), overall survival, together with EBRT-related acute and late toxicities.

Rationale and design of the TUXEDO-2 India study: Ultra-Thin strUt Supraflex Cruz versus XiencE in a Diabetic pOpulation with multi-vessel disease-2.

Background: The role of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in patients with diabetes mellitus and multi-vessel disease has been questioned by the results of the FREEDOM trial, which showed superiority of coronary artery bypass graft(CABG) over first generation drug-eluting stents (DES) including a reduction in mortality. In the light of safer and more efficacious stents and significantly better medical management, those results that date back to 2012 need to be revisited. TUXEDO-2 is a study designed to compare two contemporary stents in Indian diabetic patients with multi-vessel disease.

Post market surveillance registry (PIONEER) of the Yukon Choice PC-Elite Coronary Stent System for percutaneous coronary intervention in Indian acute coronary syndrome population.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy profile of a newer generation biodegradable DES, the Yukon Choice PC Elite with a temperature controlling mechanism, in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods: This prospective multi-center study (PIONEER Registry) was conducted in an Indian ACS population, therefore providing data in real world clinical practice. Patients with ACS underwent DES implantation in de novo native-vessel coronary lesions with the Yukon Choice PC Elite biodegradable polymer DES and were followed up for a year.