First Report of Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens Causing Bacterial Wilt and Blight on Sunflower in Russia.

In the summer of 2018, wilt and leaf spots were observed on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants in fields near Kursk (51.74°N, 36.

The γ-Core Motif Peptides of AMPs from Grasses Display Inhibitory Activity against Human and Plant Pathogens.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) constitute an essential part of the plant immune system. They are regarded as alternatives to conventional antibiotics and pesticides. In this study, we have identified the γ-core motifs, which are associated with antimicrobial activity, in 18 AMPs from grasses and assayed their antimicrobial properties against nine pathogens, including yeasts affecting humans, as well as plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi.

Formation of Azaphilone Pigments and Monasnicotinic Acid by the Fungus .

Due to the ever-increasing demand for healthy and safe food, much attention has been gained by natural food colorants. This study showed the culture fluid extract of the fungus VKM F-906 to contain red pigment and monasnicotinic acid (MNA) in predominant amounts. The structure of the pigment corresponded to -cavernamine (red pigment, RP).

Fungal Planet description sheets: 1112-1181.

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: , on soil, on leaves of on leaves of on leaves of sp., on soil, (incl. gen.

Fungal Planet description sheets: 1182-1283.

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: , from , from soil. , as endophyte from healthy leaves of , in fruit of , from stem of , on stems of , from rhizosphere soil of , on living leaves of , , and on living leaves of sp. , from soil.

Intracellular Sulfur Inclusions: Source of Energy or Heater?

There are various groups of bacteria which receive energy from oxidation of inorganic sulfur compounds. Some of them produce elemental sulfur as an intermediate product and deposit it outside their cells. The group "sulfur bacteria" was described by their ability to produce intracellular sulfur inclusions.

sp. nov., a novel ascomycetous yeast species associated with the Georgian honeysuckle ( M. Bieb.).

During an investigation of the yeast communities associated with wild fruit shrubs in Dagestan (Caucasus, Russia), four fermenting ascospore-producing yeast strains were isolated from leaves of the Georgian honeysuckle ( M. Bieb.) and from soil underneath this plant.

gcType: a high-quality type strain genome database for microbial phylogenetic and functional research.

Taxonomic and functional research of microorganisms has increasingly relied upon genome-based data and methods. As the depository of the Global Catalogue of Microorganisms (GCM) 10K prokaryotic type strain sequencing project, Global Catalogue of Type Strain (gcType) has published 1049 type strain genomes sequenced by the GCM 10K project which are preserved in global culture collections with a valid published status. Additionally, the information provided through gcType includes >12 000 publicly available type strain genome sequences from GenBank incorporated using quality control criteria and standard data annotation pipelines to form a high-quality reference database.

Fungal Planet description sheets: 1042-1111.

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: , from marine sediment sand. , (incl. gen.

f.a., sp. nov., an ascomycetous yeast isolated from coconuts.

During studies on the endophytic yeast communities associated with fruits from Vietnam, three fermenting yeast strains were isolated from fruits of the coconut palm (). Phylogenetic analysis based on the sequences of the ITS regions and D1/D2 domains of the large subunit rRNA gene showed that these strains represented a single species of the clade that was distinct from the other related species. The new species represented a basal branch of the clade formed by the species i.

Analysis of genome sequence and trehalose lipid production peculiarities of the thermotolerant Gordonia strain.

Gordoniae are one of the most promising hydrocarbon-oxidizing actinobacteria. Here we present the genome sequence analysis of thermotolerant strain Gordonia sp. 1D isolated from oil-refinery soil.

Austalides V and W, new meroterpenoids from the fungus Aspergillus ustus and their antitumor activities.

Two new austalide meroterpenoids, named austalides V and W (1 and 2), were isolated from the fungus Aspergillus ustus VKM F-4692. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis and by comparison with related known compounds. The main structural feature of both compounds is a tetrahydrofuranyl ring (G), a structural fragment, first found in austalides.

Fungal Planet description sheets: 868-950.

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: , and on leaves, , and on leaves, and on leaves, on leaves, on litter of regenerating subtropical rainforest, (incl. gen. nov.

The role of cupric ions in the oxidative dissolution process of marmatite: A dependence on Cu concentration.

Cupric ions (Cu) play an important role in the oxidative dissolution process of marmatite in an acidic environment. In this work, dissolution experiments and numerous analytical techniques were utilized to investigate the role of Cu in the oxidative dissolution process of marmatite in sulfuric acid. The dissolution experiments showed that the role of Cu is significantly dependent on its concentration.

Micromycetes as colonizers of mineral building materials in historic monuments and museums.

Complex of microfungi colonizing mineral building materials, i.e. limestone and plaster, in interiors of cultural heritage was characterized.

Yeasts producing zeatin.

The present paper describes the first screening study of the ability of natural yeast strains to synthesize in culture the plant-related cytokine hormone zeatin, which was carried out using HPLC-MS/MS. A collection of 76 wild strains of 36 yeast species (23 genera) isolated from a variety of natural substrates was tested for the production of zeatin using HPLC-MS/MS. Zeatin was detected in more than a half (55%) of studied strains and was more frequently observed among basidiomycetous than ascomycetous species.

Fungal Planet description sheets: 785-867.

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: , and on unknown host plants. , on (incl. gen.

Distribution of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase and D-cysteine desulfhydrase genes among type species of the genus Methylobacterium.

The presence of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase determines the ability of bacteria to increase the resistance of plants to various types of stress. The genes of ACC deaminase (acdS) and the closely related enzyme D-cysteine desulfhydrase (dcyD) were searched in type strains of various representatives of the genus Methylobacterium. Using PCR screening and in silico searching in the available complete genome sequences of type strains, the genes were found in 28 of 48 species of the genus.

sp. nov., a member of the family from lichen-dominated forested tundra.

An isolate of aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile and light-pink pigmented bacteria, designated SBC68, was obtained from slightly decomposed thalli of the lichen sp. collected from the forested tundra of north-western Siberia. Cells of this isolate occurred singly, in pairs or in rosettes.

World data centre for microorganisms: an information infrastructure to explore and utilize preserved microbial strains worldwide.

The World Data Centre for Microorganisms (WDCM) was established 50 years ago as the data center of the World Federation for Culture Collections (WFCC)-Microbial Resource Center (MIRCEN). WDCM aims to provide integrated information services using big data technology for microbial resource centers and microbiologists all over the world. Here, we provide an overview of WDCM including all of its integrated services.

Comparative genome analysis of Pseudogymnoascus spp. reveals primarily clonal evolution with small genome fragments exchanged between lineages.

Background: Pseudogymnoascus spp. is a wide group of fungi lineages in the family Pseudorotiaceae including an aggressive pathogen of bats P. destructans.

Comparison of the substrate specificity of two ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases from Sphingomonas sp. VKM B-2434 to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

The genes of two ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases (RHDs) of Sphingomonas sp. VKM B-2434 were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The relative values of the RHD specificity constants were estimated for six polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) based on the kinetics of PAH mixture conversion by the recombinant strains.

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminases from Methylobacterium radiotolerans and Methylobacterium nodulans with higher specificity for ACC.

The 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminases (EC 3.4.99.

Multisubstrate kinetics of PAH mixture biodegradation: analysis in the double-logarithmic plot.

The proposed method of kinetic analysis of aqueous-phase biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) mixture presupposes representation of kinetic curves for each pair of mixture components, S(x) and S(y), in double-logarithmic coordinates (ln S(x); ln S(y)). If PAH mixture conversion corresponds to the multisubstrate model with a common active site, then the graphs in double-logarithmic coordinates are straight lines with the angular coefficients equal to the ratio of respective first-order rate constants k(y)(x)= V(y)K(x)/K(y)V(x), where K(x) and K(y) are half-saturation constants, V(x) and V( y ) are the maximum conversion rates for substrates S(x) and S(y); the graph slope does not depend on any concentrations and remains constant during the change of reaction rates as a result of inhibition, induction/inactivation of enzymes or biomass growth. The formulated method has been used to analyze PAH mixture conversion by the culture of Sphingomonas sp.

Laccase isoforms with unusual properties from the basidiomycete Steccherinum ochraceum strain 1833.

Aims: To isolate and characterize the laccase isoforms from S. ochraceum 1833 - a new active producer of high extracellular laccase activity.

Methods And Results: Three laccase isoforms (laccases I, II and III) with 57.