10 results match your criteria: "G Gaslini University Hospital[Affiliation]"
Front Pediatr
November 2022
Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Pediatrics Pulmonology and Respiratory Endoscopy, G. Gaslini Hospital, Genoa, Italy.
Respiratory tract infections (RTI) are mainly viral in origin and among the leading cause of childhood morbidity globally. Associated wheezing illness and asthma are still a clear unmet medical need. Despite the continuous progress in understanding the processes involved in their pathogenesis, preventive measures and treatments failed to demonstrate any significant disease-modifying effect.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cell Infect Microbiol
September 2022
Professor Emeritus of Pediatrics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
To describe microbiota profiles considering potential influencing factors in pre-school children with recurrent respiratory tract infections (rRTIs) and to evaluate microbiota changes associated with oral bacterial lysate OM-85 treatment, we analyzed gut and nasopharynx (NP) microbiota composition in patients included in the OM-85-pediatric rRTIs (OMPeR) clinical trial (https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2016-002705-19/IT).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroorganisms
February 2021
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Pediatric Clinic, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are common in childhood because of the physiologic immaturity of the immune system, a microbial community under development in addition to other genetic, physiological, environmental and social factors. RTIs tend to recur and severe lower viral RTIs in early childhood are not uncommon and are associated with increased risk of respiratory disorders later in life, including recurrent wheezing and asthma. Therefore, a better understanding of the main players and mechanisms involved in respiratory morbidity is necessary for a prompt and improved care as well as for primary prevention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Pulmonol
June 2021
Pulmonary and Allergy Disease Unit, Department of Pediatrics, G. Gaslini University Hospital, Genoa, Italy.
Obstructive airway disorders, common in infancy and early childhood, include some entities that are recognized to have neuro immune mediators as their underlying pathogenetic mechanisms. The best characterized example amongst post-viral wheezing phenotypes is the disorder that follows respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and leads to intermittent, long-term wheezing. The underlying mechanisms of the airway reactivity related to RSV infection have been extensively studies and are associated with dysregulation of the nonadrenergic-noncholinergic (NANC) system, via upregulation of neurotransmitters, typically Substance P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfection
October 2020
Department of Maternal Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) became pandemic by the end of March 2020. In contrast to the 2002-2003 SARS-CoV outbreak, which had a higher pathogenicity and lead to higher mortality rates, SARSCoV-2 infection appears to be much more contagious. Moreover, many SARS-CoV-2 infected patients are reported to develop low-titer neutralizing antibody and usually suffer prolonged illness, suggesting a more effective SARS-CoV-2 immune surveillance evasion than SARS-CoV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Transl Allergy
June 2020
Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL USA.
Severe and recurrent infections of the respiratory tract in early childhood constitute major risk factors for the development of bronchial hyper-responsiveness and obstructive respiratory diseases in later life. In the first years of life, the vast majority of respiratory tract infections (RTI) leading to wheezing and asthma are of a viral origin and severity and recurrence are the consequence of a greater exposure to infectious agents in a period when the immune system is still relatively immature. Therefore, boosting the efficiency of the host immune response against viral infections seems to be a rational preventative approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Pulmonol
April 2020
Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.
Acute respiratory infections are amongst the leading causes of childhood morbidity and mortality globally. Viruses are the predominant cause of such infections, but mixed etiologies with bacteria has for decades raised the question of the interplay between them in causality and determination of the outcome of such infections. In this review, we examine recent microbiological, biochemical, and immunological advances that contribute to elucidating the mechanisms by which infections by specific viruses enable bacterial infections in the airway, and exacerbate them.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPaediatr Respir Rev
October 2006
Pulmonary and Allergy Units, G. Gaslini University Hospital, Genoa, Italy.
Because of the common embryologic origin, alteration of the many factors modulating the development of the alimentary and the respiratory tract often results in structural abnormalities involving the two systems. Indeed, some of the most common embryologic disorders of the airways are frequently associated with anomalies of the gastrointestinal tract. Lung growth occurs as a series of tightly regulated events, depending on a number of factors, including developmental, genetic and environment ones.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Paediatr
December 2003
Department of Pediatrics, G Gaslini University Hospital, Genoa, Italy.
Aim: Phentolamine administration during open-heart surgery shortens the cooling and rewarming phases of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and hastens weaning from mechanical ventilation and extubation. Data on the effects of phentolamine on cerebral circulation and function in this setting are lacking. This study reports the cerebral effects of phentolamine using blood S100B protein levels and the middle cerebral artery pulsatility index (MCA PI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Res
October 2001
Department of Neonatology, G. Gaslini University Hospital, Genoa, Italy.
Adrenomedullin is a novel vasoactive peptide that participates in cerebral blood flow regulation and circulates in human plasma. To verify whether plasma adrenomedullin is able to identify preterm newborns at risk of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), we performed a case-control study. Plasma samples collected within 6 h after birth in 24 preterm newborns who developed IVH, as diagnosed at 72 h, were assessed for adrenomedullin and compared with those obtained from 48 preterm newborns, matched for gestational age, who did not develop IVH.
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