Improving Tracking of Selective Attention in Hearing Aid Users: The Role of Noise Reduction and Nonlinearity Compensation.

Hearing impairment (HI) disrupts social interaction by hindering the ability to follow conversations in noisy environments. While hearing aids (HAs) with noise reduction (NR) partially address this, the "cocktailparty problem" persists, where individuals struggle to attend to specific voices amidst background noise. This study investigated how NR and an advanced signal processing method for compensating for nonlinearities in EEG signals can improve neural speech processing in HI listeners.

Simultaneous Unbinned Differential Cross-Section Measurement of Twenty-Four Z+jets Kinematic Observables with the ATLAS Detector.

Z boson events at the Large Hadron Collider can be selected with high purity and are sensitive to a diverse range of QCD phenomena. As a result, these events are often used to probe the nature of the strong force, improve Monte Carlo event generators, and search for deviations from standard model predictions. All previous measurements of Z boson production characterize the event properties using a small number of observables and present the results as differential cross sections in predetermined bins.

Telomemore enables single-cell analysis of cell cycle and chromatin condensation.

Single-cell RNA-seq methods can be used to delineate cell types and states at unprecedented resolution but do little to explain why certain genes are expressed. Single-cell ATAC-seq and multiome (ATAC + RNA) have emerged to give a complementary view of the cell state. It is however unclear what additional information can be extracted from ATAC-seq data besides transcription factor binding sites.

[Paths to Swedish medical license for international medical graduates].

There are four paths to a Swedish medical license. A shared agreement exists for those converting from a European license to recognize qualifications granted in the respective countries mutually. Swedish medical graduates and International Medical Graduates (IMGs) trained outside the EU/EES/Schweiz are assessed against the professional qualifications specified in the Higher Education Ordinance (1993:100).

On the Environmentally Friendly Synthesis of 2-Hydroxyethyl Furan-5-Carboxylic Acid (MHEF) and bis(2-Hydroxyethyl) Furan-2,5-Dicarboxylate (BHEF).

To better understand how the biocatalyzed depolymerization of polyesters works, model molecules are needed to develop activity assays and determine enzymatic kinetic parameters. In this communication the chemical synthesis and characterization of 2-hydroxyethyl furan-5-carboxylic acid and bis(2-hydroxyethyl) furan-2,5-dicarboxylates as potential model molecules to further study the enzymatic depolymerization of poly(ethylene furanoate) was investigated.

Chemotaxonomy and Bioactive Potential of High-Mountain Plantago atrata.

Plantago atrata Hoppe is a high-altitude mountain plant exposed to harsh environmental factors. This study aims to elucidate the ecological, phytochemical and pharmacological characteristics of this lesser-known plantain. Despite nutrient-poor peat soil, the leaves of P.

Pulmonary Morbidity in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Survivors Treated at a Non-ECMO Center From 1998 to 2015: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: A main feature of CDH is lung hypoplasia and the related presentation of pulmonary hypertension and cardiac dysfunction. Multiple factors influence pulmonary status after CDH: degree of hypoplasia, ventilator-induced injury, altered growth and development of pulmonary structures, reduced diaphragm function and chest wall abnormalities. The evolution of pulmonary sequela in this population is still unclear.

2D Surface Optical Reflectance for use in Harsh Reactive Environments.

In recent years, studies of surfaces at more realistic conditions has advanced significantly, leading to an increased understanding of surface dynamics under reaction conditions. The development has mainly been due to the development of new experimental techniques or new experimental approaches. Techniques such as High Pressure Scanning Tunneling/Force Microscopy (HPSTM/HPAFM), Ambient Pressure X-ray Photo emission Spectroscopy (APXPS), Surface X-Ray Diffraction (SXRD), Polarization-Modulation InfraRed Reflection Absorption Spectroscopy (PMIRRAS) and Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) at semi-realistic conditions has been used to study planar model catalysts or industrial materials under operating conditions.

Towards Solid-State Batteries Using a Calcium Hydridoborate Electrolyte.

Solid-state batteries created from abundant elements, such as calcium, may pave the way for cheaper and safer electrical energy storage. Here we report a new type of solid calcium hydridoborate electrolyte, Ca(BH4)2·2NH2CH3, with a high ionic conductivity of σ(Ca2+) ~ 10-5 S cm-1 at T = 70 °C, which is assigned to a relatively open and flexible structure with apolar moieties and weak dihydrogen bonds that facilitate migration of Ca2+ ions in the solid state. The compound display a low electronic conductivity, providing an ionic transport number close to unity (tion = 0.

Environmental variability across space and time drives the recolonization pattern of a historically persecuted large carnivore.

Wildlife populations are not static. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors affect individuals, which lead to spatiotemporal variation in population density and range. Yet, dynamics in density and their drivers are rarely documented, due in part to the inherent difficulty of studying long-term population-level phenomena at ecologically meaningful scales.

Diversity of complementary diet and early food allergy risk.

Introduction: Diet diversity (DD) in infancy may be protective for early food allergy (FA) but there is limited knowledge about how DD incorporating consumption frequency influences FA risk.

Methods: Three measures of DD were investigated in 2060 infants at 6 and/or at 9 months of age within the NorthPop Birth Cohort Study: a weighted DD score based on intake frequency, the number of introduced foods, and the number of introduced allergenic foods. In multivariable logistic regression models based on directed acyclic graphs, associations to parentally reported physician-diagnosed FA at age 9 and 18 months were estimated, including sensitivity and stratified analyses.

Metal-Assisted Synthesis of Diverse Porphyrinoids by Cyclization of an N-Confused Thia-Pentapyrrane.

Oxidation of thia-pentapyrrane S-P4 with terminal β-linked pyrrole and thiophene units in the presence of various metal ions has been found to afford distinct porphyrinoids. Specifically, N-confused thiasapphyrin (1), Cu(III) norrole (2), neo-confused phlorin (3), and p-benzinorrole (4) were obtained, when S-P4 was oxidized with p-chloranil in acetonitrile in the presence of Ni2+, Cu2+, Cd2+, and Co2+, respectively. The structures of 1-4 have been clearly elucidated by NMR spectroscopy, HRMS, and X-ray crystal diffraction (for 2-4).

How can cervical screening meet the needs of vulnerable women? A qualitative comparative study with stakeholder perspectives from seven European countries.

Objective: This study explored and compared stakeholder perspectives on enhancements to cervical cancer screening for vulnerable women across seven European countries.

Design: In a series of Collaborative User Boards, stakeholders were invited to collaborate on identifying facilitators to improve cervical cancer screening.

Setting: This study was part of the CBIG-SCREEN project which is funded by the European Union and targets disparities in cervical cancer screening for vulnerable women (www.

The utility and chemotaxonomic significance of volatiles for inferring phylogeny in Chaerophyllum (Apiaceae): Essential oil composition of Myrrhoides nodosa (L.) Cannon.

Gas chromatography and GC/MS analysis of essential oil composition obtained from different parts of Myrrhoides nodosa (L.) Cannon has been carried out. Regarding the essential oil composition, 33 compounds have been identified in the oil isolated from the aerial parts of M.

Modulation of the modulated magnetic structure of an Ho i-MAX phase described by a magnetic (3+2)-dimensional superspace group.

The magnetic structures of the Ho-based i-MAX phase (MoHo)GaC were studied with neutron powder diffraction at low temperature. (MoHo)GaC crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Cmcm. The material undergoes two successive antiferromagnetic transitions at T = 10 K and T = 7.

Genomics yields biological and phenotypic insights into bipolar disorder.

Bipolar disorder is a leading contributor to the global burden of disease. Despite high heritability (60-80%), the majority of the underlying genetic determinants remain unknown. We analysed data from participants of European, East Asian, African American and Latino ancestries (n = 158,036 cases with bipolar disorder, 2.

Emotion regulation-based internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for premenstrual dysphoric disorder: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial in Sweden.

Introduction: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a cyclic mood disorder affecting around 2%-5% of women of reproductive age. Pharmacological interventions exist, but many patients with PMDD experience residual symptoms, discontinue medications or refrain from them due to side effects. Thus, non-pharmacological treatments are needed as an alternative or additive treatment strategy.

Study protocol for the development and pilot-testing of a Self-assessment tool for the implementation of the European Standards of Care for Newborn Health (ESCNH).

Introduction: In Europe, disparities exist in having access to optimal neonatal care. With the European Standards of Care for Newborn Health (ESCNH), evidence-based reference standards are available which provide guidance to improve the care for preterm and ill newborns. To support healthcare professionals (HCPs) and hospital/clinic management in identifying the extent of ESCNH implementation, a feasible assessment tool is required.

Draft genome sequence of sp. CC302I with non-canonical biosynthetic gene clusters for codon-readthrough activity.

sp. CC302I was isolated from a highly oligothrophic environment. High-throughput screening shows high codon-readthrough activity for the isolate with no canonical biosynthetic gene cluster responsible.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation in mental health care.

Background: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), which is a neuromodulation therapy for psychiatric disorders, is not widely used in Norway. We aimed to investigate whether doctors in mental health care are familiar with and interested in the method, as well as the reasons for its limited use and the key factors required for its implementation.

Material And Method: An anonymous electronic survey questionnaire was distributed to all active members of the Norwegian Psychiatric Association in the autumn of 2022 (n = 1979), consisting of 484 specialty registrars and 1495 specialists.

Facile In Situ Formation of Potassium Sodium Niobate (KNN) Using The Hexaniobate Polyoxometalate.

Lead-based piezoceramics are the dominant materials used in electronic devices, despite the known toxicity of lead. Developing safer piezoelectric materials has inspired the pursuit of lead-free piezoceramics, however some challenges remain in accessing these materials reproducibly. Here we demonstrate a simple and robust method for synthesis of the lead-free piezoceramic material, potassium sodium niobate (KxNa1-xNbO3, KNN) via an aqueous route.

Lung function and onset of cardiometabolic diseases in the longitudinal Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study.

Introduction: Previous population-based studies, mainly from high-income countries, have shown that a higher forced vital capacity (FVC) is associated with a lower risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the longitudinal association between spirometry measures and the onset of cardiometabolic diseases across sites in low-income, middle-income and high-income countries.

Methods: The study population comprised 5916 individuals from 15 countries participating in the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease baseline and follow-up assessments.

Kidney function decline improves after lithium discontinuation.

Background: Long-term lithium treatment decreases kidney function. However, it remains unclear whether stopping lithium improves kidney function.

Objectives: To study kidney function in patients who stopped and subsequently restarted lithium treatment.

getphylo: rapid and automatic generation of multi-locus phylogenetic trees.

Background: The increasing amount of genomic data calls for tools that can create genome-scale phylogenies quickly and efficiently. Existing tools rely on large reference databases or require lengthy de novo calculations to identify orthologues, meaning that they have long run times and are limited in their taxonomic scope. To address this, we created getphylo, a python tool for the rapid generation of phylogenetic trees de novo from annotated sequences.