Accurate and affordable detection of rifampicin and isoniazid resistance in Tuberculosis sputum specimens by multiplex PCR-multiple probes melting analysis.

Background: Escalating cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) pose a major challenge to global TB control efforts, necessitating innovative diagnostics to empower decentralized detection of gene mutations associated with resistance to rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) in resource-constrained settings.

Methods: Combining multiplex fluorescent PCR and Multiple Probes Melting Analysis, we identified mutations in the rpoB, katG, ahpC and inhA genes from sputum specimens.

Employing Multicolor Melting Curve Analysis to Rapidly Identify Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria in Patients with Bronchiectasis: A Study from a Pulmonary Hospital in the Fuzhou District of China, 2018-2022.

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection is common in bronchiectasis, with rising incidence globally. However, investigation into NTM in bronchiectasis patients in China remains relatively limited. This work aimed to identify and understand the features of NTM in bronchiectasis patient in Fuzhou district of China.

The emerging threat of fluroquinolone-, bedaquiline-, and linezolid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in China: Observations on surveillance data.

Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB), especially multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), constitutes a major obstacle to fulfill end TB strategy globally. Although fluoroquinolones (FQs), linezolid (LZD) and bedaquiline (BDQ) were classified as Group A drugs for MDR-TB treatment, our knowledge of the prevalence of TB which were resistant to Group A drugs in China is quite limited.

Methods: In this study, we conducted a prospective multicenter surveillance study in China to determine the proportion of TB patients that were resistant to Group A drugs.

Effect of Mixed Infections with and Nontuberculous Mycobacteria on Diagnosis of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Multicentre Study in China.

Background: Correct species identification is essential before initiation of TB treatment, due to substantial drug susceptibility profile differences among mycobacterial species. Given that nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are frequently resistant to first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs, cases with mixed infections with (MTB) and NTM tend to be diagnosed as multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) cases. Here we report results of a retrospective multicentre study that was conducted to determine the prevalence of TB-NTM infections in previously diagnosed laboratory-confirmed multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients using phenotypic drug susceptibility testing.

The value of gene chip detection of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the diagnosis of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease.

Background: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are mycobacteria other than mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and mycobacterium leprae. NTM can cause infection in many human tissues and organs and is most commonly seen in the lungs. Clinically, the symptoms and signs of nontuberculous mycobacteria lung disease (NMLD) are very similar to those of tuberculosis (TB).