20 results match your criteria: "Fungal Diversity[Journal]"

The Microsporidia, an often overlooked fungal lineage, exhibit increasing diversity and taxonomic understanding with the use of genomic techniques. They are obligate parasites infecting a diversity of hosts, including crustaceans. Crustacea are, in essence, ancient insects and their relationship with the Microsporidia is both diverse and convoluted.

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Ten decadal advances in fungal biology leading towards human well-being.

Fungal Divers

September 2022

Department Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Brunswick, Germany.

Article Synopsis
  • Fungi hold untapped potential for creating products that can enhance human health, as discussed in recent research on applied mycology and Life Sciences.
  • The paper covers breakthroughs in new drugs for infections and neurological diseases, advancements in genetic tools for medical mycology, and highlights the booming mushroom cultivation industry in Asia.
  • It also touches on innovative diagnostic tools, the use of fungi for biodegradation and biomaterial production, and emphasizes the growing importance of fungi as an industrial resource for future developments.
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This article is the 14th in the Fungal Diversity Notes series, wherein we report 98 taxa distributed in two phyla, seven classes, 26 orders and 50 families which are described and illustrated. Taxa in this study were collected from Australia, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Chile, China, Cyprus, Egypt, France, French Guiana, India, Indonesia, Italy, Laos, Mexico, Russia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam. There are 59 new taxa, 39 new hosts and new geographical distributions with one new combination.

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This article is the 13th contribution in the Fungal Diversity Notes series, wherein 125 taxa from four phyla, ten classes, 31 orders, 69 families, 92 genera and three genera are treated, demonstrating worldwide and geographic distribution. Fungal taxa described and illustrated in the present study include three new genera, 69 new species, one new combination, one reference specimen and 51 new records on new hosts and new geographical distributions. Three new genera, (), ( genus ) and () are introduced based on distinct phylogenetic lineages and unique morphologies.

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Here we review how evolving species concepts have been applied to understand yeast diversity. Initially, a phenotypic species concept was utilized taking into consideration morphological aspects of colonies and cells, and growth profiles. Later the biological species concept was added, which applied data from mating experiments.

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Early-diverging fungal phyla: taxonomy, species concept, ecology, distribution, anthropogenic impact, and novel phylogenetic proposals.

Fungal Divers

September 2021

Environmental Microbiology Lab, Department of Agricultural Biological Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 South Korea.

The increasing number of new fungal species described from all over the world along with the use of genetics to define taxa, has dramatically changed the classification system of early-diverging fungi over the past several decades. The number of phyla established for non-Dikarya fungi has increased from 2 to 17. However, to date, both the classification and phylogeny of the basal fungi are still unresolved.

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Early efforts to classify Mortierellaceae were based on macro- and micromorphology, but sequencing and phylogenetic studies with ribosomal DNA (rDNA) markers have demonstrated conflicting taxonomic groupings and polyphyletic genera. Although some taxonomic confusion in the family has been clarified, rDNA data alone is unable to resolve higher level phylogenetic relationships within Mortierellaceae. In this study, we applied two parallel approaches to resolve the Mortierellaceae phylogeny: low coverage genome (LCG) sequencing and high-throughput, multiplexed targeted amplicon sequencing to generate sequence data for multi-gene phylogenetics.

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and , two new apothecial dothideomycete genera and the new order .

Fungal Divers

February 2016

Division of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria ; Institute of Forest Entomology, Forest Pathology and Forest Protection, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Hasenauerstraße 38, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.

During a survey on corticolous , several collections with ascospores matching the genera and (, ) were revealed from dead corticated twigs of , and . Closer morphological examination showed that their ascomata were apothecial, with a hamathecium consisting of septate, branched paraphyses, which are apically swollen at maturity. Several collections were cultured and sequenced, and a Blast search of their nuc 28S rDNA sequences revealed dothideomycetous affiliation, but without a close match to a specific family or order.

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and the .

Fungal Divers

July 2015

Division of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030 Wien, Austria; Institute of Forest Entomology, Forest Pathology and Forest Protection, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Hasenauerstraße 38, 1190 Vienna, Austria.

More than 100 recent collections of mostly from Europe were used to elucidate the species composition within the genus. Multigene phylogeny based on SSU, LSU, ITS, and sequences revealed a monophyletic group of ten species within the , belonging to three morphologically similar genera. This group could not be accommodated in any known family and are thus classified in the new family and the new order The genus comprises , , , , sp.

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Fungi other than the lichen mycobiont frequently co-occur within lichen thalli and on the same rock in harsh environments. In these situations dark-pigmented mycelial structures are commonly observed on lichen thalli, where they persist under the same stressful conditions as their hosts. Here we used a comprehensive sampling of lichen-associated fungi from an alpine habitat to assess their phylogenetic relationships with fungi previously known from other niches.

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Diagnostics for a troubled backbone: testing topological hypotheses of trapelioid lichenized fungi in a large-scale phylogeny of Ostropomycetidae (Lecanoromycetes).

Fungal Divers

May 2015

Institute of Plant Sciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Holteigasse 6, A-8010 Graz, Austria ; Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.

Trapelioid fungi constitute a widespread group of mostly crust-forming lichen mycobionts that are key to understanding the early evolutionary splits in the Ostropomycetidae, the second-most species-rich subclass of lichenized Ascomycota. The uncertain phylogenetic resolution of the approximately 170 species referred to this group contributes to a poorly resolved backbone for the entire subclass. Based on a data set including 657 newly generated sequences from four ribosomal and four protein-coding gene loci, we tested a series of a priori and new evolutionary hypotheses regarding the relationships of trapelioid clades within Ostropomycetidae.

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Front line defenders of the ecological niche! Screening the structural diversity of peptaibiotics from saprotrophic and fungicolous species.

Fungal Divers

November 2014

Interdisciplinary Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Department of Applied Entomology, Institute of Phytopathology and Applied Zoology (IPAZ), University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany

Approximately 950 individual sequences of non-ribosomally biosynthesised peptides are produced by the genus / that belong to a perpetually growing class of mostly linear antibiotic oligopeptides, which are rich in the non-proteinogenic -aminoisobutyric acid (Aib). Thus, they are comprehensively named peptaibiotics. Notably, peptaibiotics represent ca.

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Naming and outline of -2014 including proposals for the protection or suppression of generic names.

Fungal Divers

November 2014

Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China; World Agroforestry Centre, East and Central Asia, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China; Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand.

Article 59.1, of the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants (ICN; Melbourne Code), which addresses the nomenclature of pleomorphic fungi, became effective from 30 July 2011. Since that date, each fungal species can have one nomenclaturally correct name in a particular classification.

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Pleosporales.

Fungal Divers

March 2012

Division of Microbiology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.

One hundred and five generic types of Pleosporales are described and illustrated. A brief introduction and detailed history with short notes on morphology, molecular phylogeny as well as a general conclusion of each genus are provided. For those genera where the type or a representative specimen is unavailable, a brief note is given.

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The Longibrachiatum Clade of Trichoderma: a revision with new species.

Fungal Divers

July 2012

United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Systematic Mycology & Microbiology Laboratory, B-010a, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.

The Longibrachiatum Clade of Trichoderma is revised. Eight new species are described (T. aethiopicum, T.

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Capnodiaceae.

Fungal Divers

December 2011

Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand.

In this paper we revisit the Capnodiaceae with notes on selected genera. Type specimens of the ascomycetous genera Aithaloderma, Anopeltis, Callebaea, Capnodaria, Echinothecium, Phragmocapnias and Scorias were re-examined, described and illustrated. Leptoxyphium is anamorphic Capnodiaceae and Polychaeton is a legitimate and earlier name for Capnodium, but in order to maintain nomenclatural stability we propose that the teleomorphic name should be conisdered for the approved lists of names currently in preparation for fungi.

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A reappraisal of Microthyriaceae.

Fungal Divers

December 2011

International Fungal Research and Development Centre, Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Cultivation & Utilization State Forestry Administration, The Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming 650224, People's Republic of China.

The family Microthyriaceae sensuLumbsch and Huhndorf 2010 is a poorly known but interesting family comprising 50 genera consisting of foliar epiphytes or saprobes on dead leaves and stems. We re-visited the family based on examinations of generic types where possible. Members are distributed in Aulographaceae, Asterinaceae, Microthyriaceae, Micropeltidaceae and Palmulariaceae and notes are provided on each of these families.

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A molecular, morphological and ecological re-appraisal of Venturiales-a new order of Dothideomycetes.

Fungal Divers

November 2011

Mushroom Research Foundation, 128 Moo3, Bahn Pa Dheng, T. Pa Pae, A. Mae Taeng Chiang Mai, 50150, Thailand. Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Tasud, Muang, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand.

The Venturiaceae was traditionally assigned to Pleosporales although its diagnostic characters readily distinguish it from other pleosporalean families. These include a parasitic or saprobic lifestyle, occurring on leaves or stems of dicotyledons; small to medium-sized ascomata, often with setae; deliquescing pseudoparaphyses; 8-spored, broadly cylindrical to obclavate asci; 1-septate, yellowish, greenish or pale brown to brown ascospores; and hyphomycetous anamorphs. Phylogenetically, core genera of Venturiaceae form a monophyletic clade within Dothideomycetes, and represent a separate sister lineage from current orders, thus a new order-Venturiales is introduced.

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European species of Hypocrea part II: species with hyaline ascospores.

Fungal Divers

May 2011

Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Faculty Centre of Biodiversity, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030 Vienna, Austria.

To date 75 species of Hypocrea/Trichoderma forming teleomorphs are recognised in Europe. The 56 hyaline-spored species are here described in detail and illustrated in colour plates, including cultures and anamorphs. This number includes 16 new holomorphs, two new teleomorphs and nine anamorphs of species previously described as teleomorphs.

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Molecular diversity of fungal communities in agricultural soils from Lower Austria.

Fungal Divers

October 2010

Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, Fungal Genetics and Genomics Unit, Austrian Institute of Technology and BOKU University Vienna, 1190 Vienna, Austria ; CBS-KNAW, Fungal Physiology, Uppsalalaan 8, NL-3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.

A culture-independent survey of fungal diversity in four arable soils and one grassland in Lower Austria was conducted by RFLP and sequence analysis of clone libraries of the partial ITS/LSU-region. All soils were dominated by the ascomycetous orders Sordariales, Hypocreales and Helotiales, taxa that are known from traditional cultivation approaches to occur in agricultural soils. The most abundant genus in the investigated soils was , a hyphomycete which has been described as occurring predominantly in aquatic habitats, but was also found in agricultural soils.

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