Building a hereditary cancer program in Colombia: analysis of germline pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants spectrum in a high-risk cohort.

Genetic studies in Latin America have expanded, but further efforts are needed to understand cancer susceptibility genes beyond BRCA1 and BRCA2, especially by characterizing the prevalence and spectrum of pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants (PVs) in the region. This study aimed to determine the frequency of hereditary cancer syndromes (HCS) in Colombians with solid tumors and to characterize the spectrum of PVs. Using data from the Colombia's largest Institutional Hereditary Cancer Program, we included patients aged ≥18 years with solid tumors who met HCS criteria and were offered genetic testing with a 105-cancer gene panel.

Assessing the educational impact and quality of medical microvideos on TikTok: the case of Latin America.

Background: Social media use in medical education has surged, with YouTube and Facebook leading before COVID-19. Recently, TikTok has drawn young learners, expanding access but often lacking alignment with formal curricula and quality standards.

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the quality of academic medical content on TikTok within the Latin American context, focusing on the most-viewed Spanish-language accounts.

The Effect of Predicted Compliance With a Web-Based Intervention for Anxiety and Depression Among Latin American University Students: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Web-based cognitive behavioral therapy (wb-CBT) is a scalable way to reach distressed university students. Guided wb-CBT is typically superior to self-guided wb-CBT over short follow-up periods, but evidence is less clear over longer periods.

Objective: This study aimed to compare short-term (3 months) and longer-term (12 months) aggregate effects of guided and self-guided wb-CBT versus treatment as usual (TAU) in a randomized controlled trial of Colombian and Mexican university students and carry out an initially unplanned secondary analysis of the role of differential predicted compliance in explaining these differences.

Sedentary behavior and sleep for children and adolescents with obesity: A systematic review.

Sedentary behavior and inadequate sleep are well-known lifestyle determinants of obesity that are linked to poor health outcomes, including into adulthood. This systematic review aims to synthesize evidence on how sedentary behavior (different durations, frequencies, patterns, or types) and improved sleep and/or sleep hygiene are related to improved health and functioning and reduced obesity-associated disability for the integrated management of obesity. We systematically searched electronic databases and trial registries for randomized trials and prospective cohort studies published between 2012 and 2023.

Safety of Early Mobilization in Adult Neurocritical Patients: An Exploratory Review.

Early mobilization has shown significant benefits in the rehabilitation of critically ill patients, including improved muscle strength, prevention of physical deconditioning, and reduced hospital length of stay. However, its safety in neurocritical patients, such as those with strokes, traumatic brain injuries, and postsurgical brain surgeries, remains uncertain. This study aims to map and examine the available evidence on the safety of early mobilization in adult neurocritical patients.

Efficient CNN architecture with image sensing and algorithmic channeling for dataset harmonization.

The process of image formulation uses semantic analysis to extract influential vectors from image components. The proposed approach integrates DenseNet with ResNet-50, VGG-19, and GoogLeNet using an innovative bonding process that establishes algorithmic channeling between these models. The goal targets compact efficient image feature vectors that process data in parallel regardless of input color or grayscale consistency and work across different datasets and semantic categories.

Assessing anxiety symptoms and Traumatic Event Scale scores among medical staff during the COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia: a descriptive cohort study in Bogotá.

Objective: This study aims to assess anxiety and suffering symptoms amid the pandemic, determine factors linked to physicians' anxiety with COVID-19 patients and describe symptom progression in the initial year of follow-up.

Methods: Descriptive cohort study involving general practitioners, specialists and interns in the city of Bogotá. The Zung Anxiety Scale and the Traumatic Event Scale (TES) were employed and completed four times during the pandemic.

Design and Validation of the Cyber Sexual Harassment Scale-Professor Student.

Young adult females face alarming rates of sexual victimization, with a growing concern about cybersexual harassment in the digital age (prevalence ranging from 4.6% to 70% in university female students), depending on sexual harassment parameters evaluated, different methodologies used, or sample characteristics. However, no studies so far assessed the cybersexual harassment from professor to their students.

Staphylococcus aureus infections in a highly complex clinic in Colombia. A longitudinal retrospective observational study.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a public health problem. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the microorganisms most responsible for illness and death. The aim was to characterize the infections caused by S.

Jumping to Conclusions: Mechanisms of Cognitive Control in Decision-Making Under Uncertainty.

Cognitive control encompasses mental processes that regulate thoughts and actions to achieve specific goals. It is essential in decision-making, facilitating attention management, impulse inhibition, and adaptation to new information-skills critical for rational choices, particularly under uncertainty. In jumping to conclusions (JTC), where individuals make premature decisions based on limited evidence, cognitive control deficits are often implicated.

Endoscopic transfacet Decompression for Severe Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Technical Note, Illustrative Clinical Series, and Surgeon Survey Regarding Post-Decompression Instability.

: Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) remains a predominant cause of debilitating back and leg pain, affecting many aging populations. Traditional decompression surgeries can be invasive and pose significant risks and recovery time. This study elucidates the techniques and preliminary outcomes of endoscopic transfacet decompression in treating severe LSS.

Stress Overshoot Analysis in Flow Start-Up Tests: Aging Time Fitting of the Different Gel-Based Drilling Fluids.

Drilling fluids are essential for maintaining cutting suspension during drilling, exhibiting gel-like behavior at rest and liquid-like behavior under shearing. These fluids display shear-thinning behavior, yield stress, and thixotropy. This study investigates the impact of aging time on stress overshoot and the deformation required to disrupt the gelled structure of water-based and synthetic-based drilling fluids.

Treatment Patterns of Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension: A Descriptive Study in Colombia.

Introduction: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic disease characterized by a progressive rise in pulmonary artery blood pressure. The objective was to describe the treatment patterns among ambulatory patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) in a real-world setting.

Methods: This is a longitudinal cohort follow-up study characterizing the treatment patterns of patients diagnosed with PAH or CTEPH, with secondary data from a population-based drug-dispensing database between 2022 and 2023, which includes sociodemographic, diagnosis, prescribing specialty, and treatment (drugs, persistence of use, and concomitant medications).

Impact of Mn/Co substitution on magnetoelectric and structural properties of ZnO nanostructures thin films.

This work investigates the impact of Mn and Co doping on the structural, morphological, electrical, and magnetic properties of ZnO thin films deposited via DC magnetron co-sputtering. Doping concentration, substrate temperature, and substrate type (soda-lime glass and oriented silicon wafer) were systematically varied for potential spintronic applications. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the formation of a hexagonal wurtzite crystalline structure with a preferential [002] growth orientation when Mn was incorporated into the ZnO matrix.

Impact of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Preventing Heart Failure Hospitalizations in Colombian Patients With Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors, specifically empagliflozin and dapagliflozin, on the prevention of heart failure hospitalizations and the improvement of metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) without documented high cardiovascular risk. The study aimed to assess the impact of these treatments on glycemic control, blood pressure, weight, and cardiovascular outcomes over an 18-month follow-up period in a Colombian population.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted with 122 patients with uncontrolled T2DM at the Clínica Imbanaco in Cali, Colombia.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) in Patients With Acromegaly in Colombia.

Background Acromegaly is a rare, chronic, and progressive disorder characterized by excessive secretion of growth hormone (GH) after the closure of the epiphyseal plates. The disease has an estimated annual incidence of 5 cases per 1,100,000 individuals. Sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) affects up to 80% of individuals with acromegaly and is recognized as an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease.

Complex NADASE Infusions Improve Clinical Outcome in Substance Use Disorder: Descriptive Annotation in Fifty Cases.

Background: The present study relates to a method to treat and detoxify patients with substance use disorder (SUD) utilizing a series of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and enkephalinase infusions (NADASE) in subjects attending chemical dependency programs.

Objective: The primary objective of the current investigation is to provide some additional clinical evidence to show that NAD+ other amino acids including d-phenylalanine, glycine and ananylglutamine dipeptide and Myer's cocktail (B complex) infusions significantly attenuates substance craving behavior and concomitant psychiatric burden sequalae in poly-drug abusers attending both in-patient and out-patient level of care in a number of chemical dependency programs in orange country.

Methods: At symmetry approximately 1,000 now performed approximately 1,000 infusions on 900 patients without any serious side effects pointing to the safety of this procedure.

Association Between Herd Size and the Chemical Composition and Technological Properties of Milk Intended for Parmigiano Reggiano PDO Cheese.

The aim of this research was to compare the chemical composition and the technological characteristics of milk for Parmigiano Reggiano cheese produced in herds with different numbers of cows. The research was carried out on 5760 Italian Friesian herd milk samples collected from a total of 160 farms (one sample per month in each farm for three years). On each milk sample, lactose, fat, protein, casein, titratable acidity, total bacterial count, somatic cells, coliform bacteria, clostridia spores, and rennet coagulation properties were determined.

A Robust and Comprehensive Study of the Molecular and Genetic Basis of Neurodevelopmental Delay in a Sample of 3244 Patients, Evaluated by Exome Analysis in a Latin Population.

: Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including developmental delay (DD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), intellectual disability (ID), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and specific learning disorders, affect 15% of children and adolescents worldwide. Advances in next-generation sequencing, particularly whole exome sequencing (WES), have improved the understanding of NDD genetics. : This study analyzed 3244 patients undergoing WES (single, duo, trio analyses), with 1028 meeting inclusion criteria (67% male; aged 0-50 years).

Geotechnical Behavior of Xanthan Gum-Stabilized Clay Reinforced with Polypropylene Fibers.

The use of biopolymers like Xanthan Gum (XG) for soil stabilization offers an eco-friendly alternative, enhancing soil properties while reducing CO emissions, gaining attention in sustainable engineering. This study investigated the interaction and geotechnical improvements of clay mixed with XG and polypropylene fibers (PPF). Biopolymer was used in proportions of 1%, 3%, and 5%, while the PPF percentage was kept constant at 0.

Chronotype and Cancer: Emerging Relation Between Chrononutrition and Oncology from Human Studies.

Fasting-feeding timing is a crucial pattern implicated in the regulation of daily circadian rhythms. The interplay between sleep and meal timing underscores the importance of maintaining circadian alignment in order to avoid creating a metabolic environment conducive to carcinogenesis following the molecular and systemic disruption of metabolic performance and immune function. The chronicity of such a condition may support the initiation and progression of cancer through a variety of mechanisms, including increased oxidative stress, immune suppression, and the activation of proliferative signaling pathways.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Pharmacological Treatment With Insulin and Insulin Analogs for Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Colombia.

Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the cost-effectiveness relationship of insulins and insulin analogs in diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) and 2 (DM2), from the perspective of the Colombian health system.

Methods: A short-term decision tree model (SM) was built, the outcome of which was severe/nocturnal hypoglycemia, and a long-term Markov model for quality-adjusted life-years. The probabilities were calculated through a literature review of effectiveness and safety.