Incidence of frailty: a systematic review of scientific literature from a public health perspective.

Introduction: Because of the dynamic nature of frailty, prospective epidemiological data are essential to calibrate an adequate public health response.

Methods: A systematic review of literature on frailty incidence was conducted within the European Joint Action ADVANTAGE.

Results: Of the 6 studies included, only 3 were specifically aimed at estimating frailty incidence, and only 2 provided disaggregated results by at least gender.

Better Nutritional Status Is Positively Associated with mRNA Expression of SIRT1 in Community-Dwelling Older Adults in the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging.

Background: The expression of certain genes involved in response to oxidative stress is likely related to aging-related outcomes, such as frailty in old age. Given nutrition's substantial impact in aging and age-related diseases, one of its mechanisms might be through influencing gene expression.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between nutrition and the expression of 15 genes related to cellular response to stress in older community-dwelling individuals.

Multivessel analysis of progressive vascular aging in the rat: Asynchronous vulnerability among vascular territories.

Aging induces vascular dysfunction, representing the major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Our aim was to ascertain specific vulnerability of vascular territories to aging by evaluating the progressive impact of aging on vascular function in four different vascular beds: aorta, mesenteric artery (MA), coronary artery (CA), and penile corpus cavernosum (CC) from 3, 6, 9, 12, 20 or 24 months-old male rats. Contractile/relaxant responses were evaluated in organ chambers (A/CC) and wire myographs (MA/CA).

Haemostatic agent etamsylate in vitro and in vivo antagonizes anti-coagulant activity of heparin.

Etamsylate is indicated for several anti-hemorrhagic indications in human and veterinary medicine. However, etamsylate has been shown to be effective only in specific hemorrhagic situations. Furthermore, mechanism of action of etamsylate is not known but recent research has shown its ability to inhibit heparin binding to several growth factors.

Two-Port Approach Compared to Standard Laparoscopic Radical Cystectomy.

Background And Objectives: Two-port laparoscopic radical cystectomy (LRC) using a multichannel platform through the umbilicus and one additional 10-mm in the right iliac fossa has been recently described. We compare the perioperative and early results of this technique with a cohort of patients simultaneously treated in our institution with four-port LRC and a 7 to 10 cm midline incision.

Materials And Methods: A matched-pair study comparing perioperative outcomes, postoperative visual analog pain scale (VAPS), and morbidity of two-port (n=30) and four-port (n=30) LRC.

Differential effect of amylin on endothelial-dependent vasodilation in mesenteric arteries from control and insulin resistant rats.

Insulin resistance (IR) is frequently associated with endothelial dysfunction and has been proposed to play a major role in cardiovascular disease (CVD). On the other hand, amylin has long been related to IR. However the role of amylin in the vascular dysfunction associated to IR is not well addressed.

FM19G11 reverses endothelial dysfunction in rat and human arteries through stimulation of the PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway, independently of mTOR/HIF-1α activation.

Background And Purpose: FM19G11 up-regulates mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and PI3K/Akt pathways, which are involved in endothelial function. We evaluated the effects of FM19G11 on defective endothelial vasodilatation in arteries from rats and humans and investigated the mechanisms involved.

Experimental Approach: Effects of chronic in vivo administration of FM19G11 on aortic endothelial vasodilatation were evaluated together with ex vivo treatment in aortic and mesenteric arteries from control and insulin-resistant rats (IRR).

Wine polyphenols exert antineoplasic effect on androgen resistant PC-3 cell line through the inhibition of the transcriptional activity of COX-2 promoter mediated by NF-kβ.

Objective: Mediterranean diet may play a role in the prevention of prostate cancer (PCa) development and progression. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression is associated with increased cellular proliferation, prevents apoptosis and favors tumor invasion. We intend to clarify whether resveratrol and other polyphenols effectively inhibit COX-2 activity and induce apoptosis in hormone-resistant PC-3 cell line.

Analysis of the factors involved in the failure of urethroplasty in men.

Introduction: Outcome of urethroplasty techniques in our environment and risk factors for recurrence of stenosis in these patients are studied in this paper.

Material And Methods: Retrospective study on men with urethral strictures treated with urethroplasty in the period 2000-2012. Maximum flow (Qmax), post-void residual (PVR) urine and patient perception of voiding were obtained pre- and postoperatively.

The study of DNA methylation in urological cancer: present and future.

Objectives: We have synthesized the principal advances in the field of the study of epigenetics and specifically DNA methylation regarding the diagnosis of urological neoplasms.

Acquisition Of Evidence: Review of the literature (PubMed, MEDLINE and Cochrane) on the study of DNA methylation in urological neoplasms (prostate cancer, bladder cancer, renal cancer and testicular cancer), considering all the studies published up to January 2013.

Synthesis Of Evidence: It was possible to determine the state of methylation of many genes in our tumor samples.

Safety study of umbilical single-port laparoscopic radical prostatectomy with a new DuoRotate system.

Background: Laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) radical prostatectomy (RP) has been performed through different approaches. A new DuoRotate manual system developed by Richard Wolf (KeyPort; Richard Wolf GmbH, Knittlingen, Germany) can be applied to RP.

Objectives: Our aim was to describe the surgical technique and report early outcomes of KeyPort LESS-RP to determine if this procedure is feasible and safe.

[Clinical versatility of the inflammatory pseudotumor in urology].

Objective: The inflammatory pseudotumor is a rare lesion, having benign behavior and some histological heterogeneity that appears in the genitourinary tract. A series of urogenital inflammatory pseudotumors are reviewed with emphasis on their clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics.

Material And Methods: A retrospective study the causistics treated between January 1981 in December 2010 was performed.

[Reconstructive treatment of female urethral estenosis secondary to erosion by suburethral tape].

Introduction: Female urethral stricture secondary to erosión by suburethral sling is an unfrequent problem of difficult solution. Ventral vaginal rotation flaps or buccal mucosa dorsal grafts are not useful because this type of stricture is very proximal (close to the bladder neck) and the vagina is thinned. We present our experience to manage this problem using excision of disease urethral tract, associated to bladder mucosa flap and vaginal sling using transverse vaginal flap to repair the weakened vaginal wall.

[Detection and molecular staging of bladder cancer using real-time RT-PCR for gelatinases (MMP-2, MMP-9) and TIMP-2 in peripheral blood].

Introduction: Molecular staging of bladder cancer based on the detection of mRNA of urothelial specific genes in circulating cancer cells has been inconclusive. We analyze whether real-time RT-PCR evaluation of gelatinases (MMP-9, MMP-2) and TIMP-2 in peripheral blood to diagnose and characterize patients with bladder neoplasm.

Material And Method: Total RNA is extracted from circulating blood cells in 42 individuals (11 healthy controls, 31 patients with bladder cancer of different stages) and real-time RT-PCR performed using specific primers for MMP-9, MMP-2, TIMP-2 and ribosomal 18S.