Evandro Pinto da Luz de Oliveira, MD, PhD (November 8, 1945-February 11, 2021): A Giant of Microneurosurgery and Neuroanatomy.

Dr Evandro de Oliveira, one of the most acclaimed and recognized names in neurosurgery, anywhere in the world, tragically left us on February 11, 2021, at the age of 75. The Rhoton Society submits an account of Dr Evandro de Oliveira's life with highlights of his personal journey, and his special contributions to the fields of microneurosurgery and neuroanatomy.

24-Month Efficacy and Safety Results from Japanese Patients in the IMPERIAL Randomized Study of the Eluvia Drug-Eluting Stent and the Zilver PTX Drug-Coated Stent.

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to report 24-month efficacy and safety results for the Japanese patient cohort in a prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) of drug-eluting stent (DES) use for peripheral artery disease.

Materials And Methods: Patients in the global IMPERIAL RCT had femoropopliteal lesions treated with either the Eluvia DES (Boston Scientific, Marlborough, MA, USA) or the Zilver PTX drug-coated stent (Cook Medical, Bloomington, IN, USA). At 24 months, assessments included duplex ultrasound imaging for core laboratory vessel patency measurement, target lesion revascularization (TLR) rates, and clinical outcome measures.

Evolution of microneurosurgical anatomy with special reference to the history of anatomy, surgical anatomy, and microsurgery: historical overview.

This article reviews the evolution of microneurosurgical anatomy (MNA) with special reference to the development of anatomy, surgical anatomy, and microsurgery. Anatomy can be said to have started in the ancient Greek era with the work of Hippocrates, Galen, and others as part of the pursuit of natural science. In the sixteenth century, Vesalius made a great contribution in reviving Galenian knowledge while adding new knowledge of human anatomy.

Comparison of Nonesophageal Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders with Eosinophilic Esophagitis: A Nationwide Survey.

Background: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) has increased rapidly and has been well characterized. However, no nationwide survey has been conducted regarding non-esophageal eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (non-EoE EGIDs), and they remain poorly understood.

Objective: To compare the clinical features and natural histories of non-EoE EGIDs and EoE by using the same questionnaire, for all ages.

Long-term results of the Japanese multicenter Viabahn trial of heparin bonded endovascular stent grafts for long and complex lesions in the superficial femoral artery.

Objective: We assessed the long-term safety and efficacy of endovascular stent grafting to treat long, complex lesions in the superficial femoral artery (SFA).

Methods: The present prospective, multicenter study at 15 Japanese hospitals assessed heparin-bonded stent grafts used to treat long SFA lesions in patients with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease. The inclusion criteria were Rutherford category 2 to 5 symptoms (grade 5 without active infection), an ankle brachial index of ≤0.

An Individual-Level Meta-Analysis Using Real-World and Pivotal Studies on Mortality From the Use of Paclitaxel-Containing Devices in Japanese Femoropopliteal Disease Patients.

Background: The effect of treatment with paclitaxel-containing devices (PTXD) on mortality in patients with peripheral artery disease remains controversial.

Methods and results: An independent patient-level meta-analysis of 12 clinical trials (1,389 PTXD patients and 1,192 non-PTXD patients) was conducted. This study included 7 pivotal trials and 5 post-marketing surveillance studies on endovascular treatment for femoropopliteal artery by 6 companies.

National survey of percutaneous coronary intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: second report of the Japanese Association of Cardiovascular Intervention and Therapeutics.

Healthcare systems worldwide have been overburdened by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Accordingly, hospitals have had to implement strategies to profoundly reorganize activities, which have affected procedures such as primary percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs). This study aimed to describe changes in PCI practices during the health emergency at the national level.

Two-Year Outcomes of Asymptomatic vs. Symptomatic Patients After Deferral of Revascularization Based on Fractional Flow Reserve - Insights From the J-CONFIRM Registry.

The effect of symptoms on clinical outcomes after deferral of revascularization based on fractional flow reserve (FFR) remains poorly understood. From the J-CONFIRM (Long-Term Outcomes of Japanese Patients With Deferral of Coronary Intervention Based on Fractional Flow Reserve in Multicenter) Registry, this study evaluated 1,215 patients with stable coronary artery disease, including symptomatic and asymptomatic patients (n=571 and 644, respectively). The primary endpoint was the cumulative 2-year incidence of target vessel failure (TVF), including cardiac death, target vessel-related myocardial infarction (TVMI), and clinically driven target vessel revascularization (CDTVR).

Familial paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia with a novel missense variant (Arg2866Trp) in NBEA.

Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) is a movement disorder characterized by episodic involuntary movement attacks triggered by sudden movements, acceleration, or intention to move. We ascertained two Japanese familial cases with PKD. The proband is a 22-year-old woman who had noted sudden brief (<30 s) of involuntary movements provoked by kinesigenic trigger such as starting to run, getting on a train, picking up a telephone receiver and so on at the age of 14.

Clinical characteristics of immunoglobulin IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis: Comparison of cases with and without autoimmune pancreatitis in a large cohort.

Background: The clinical characteristics of IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) especially without autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) have not been investigated in a large cohort.

Aims: To clarify the clinical characteristics of IgG4-SC and IgG4-SC without AIP.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed imaging, serology, other organ involvement (OOI) and histology of 872 patients with IgG4-SC who participated in a Japanese nationwide survey in 2019, and compared these items between IgG4-SC with and without AIP.

Multicenter 1-month follow-up study of the patch-test reaction to the gold sodium thiosulfate of the TRUE Test and its association with piercings and dental metal history.

Background: There is controversy over late and long-lasting reactions to gold sodium thiosulfate (GST).

Objectives: To study the GST patch-test reaction by observing the application site after 1 month, and to clarify the relevance of GST sensitization by piercings and dental metals.

Patients: A retrospective analysis was performed on 746 patients (143 male; 603 female) who were patch tested using GST of the TRUE Test.

Single Antiplatelet Therapy With Prasugrel vs. Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Japanese Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Patients With High Bleeding Risk.

Background: Outcomes with prasugrel single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) vs. dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in Japanese percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) patients with high bleeding risk (HBR) are currently unknown.

Methods and results: Data from 1,173 SAPT and 2,535 DAPT patients from the PENDULUM mono and PENDULUM registry studies (respective median DAPT durations: 108 vs.

Three cases of synovial sarcoma of gastric wall: A case report and review of the literature.

Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a malignant soft tissue neoplasm that occurs in various parts of the human body, but most commonly affects the extremities. Its diagnosis of synovial sarcoma often requires adjunctive techniques such as immunohistochemical staining and molecular studies, especially for synovial sarcoma at unusual locations. SS at a gastrointestinal location is exceedingly rare.

Thrombotic Lesions are Associated with Poor Outcomes after Endovascular Treatment in Patients with Non-Acute Aortoiliac Total Occlusions.

Aim: The post-endovascular treatment outcomes of thrombotic lesions remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of thrombotic lesions on post-endovascular treatment outcomes in patients with non-acute aortoiliac total occlusions.

Methods: This subanalysis of a multicenter prospective observational registry study included patients from 64 institutions in Japan between April 2014 and April 2016.

Prospective, Multicenter Clinical Study of Microvascular Decompression for Hemifacial Spasm.

Background: Microvascular decompression (MVD) is the most effective procedure for hemifacial spasm (HFS). MVD results from nonspecialized or low-volume institutes are not always reliable. Most studies on MVD for HFS are retrospective and single centered; to the best of our knowledge, no prospective, multicenter studies exist.

Health economics-based verification of functional myocardial ischemia evaluation of stable coronary artery disease in Japan: A long-term longitudinal study using propensity score matching.

Background: The procedural numbers and medical costs of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), mainly elective PCI, have been increasing in Japan. Owing to increased interest in the appropriateness of coronary revascularization, we conducted this medical economics-based evaluation of testing and diagnosis of stable coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods And Results: We reviewed patients' medical insurance data to identify stable CAD patients who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography, cardiac single-photon emission computed tomography, coronary angiography, or fractional flow reserve.

Tracheoesophageal Diversion and Puncture for Preserving Phonation in Intractable Aspiration: A Case Series.

Objective/hypothesis: Tracheoesophageal diversion (TED) can prevent damage to the respiratory system in patients with swallowing disorders and/or repetitive aspiration pneumonia; however, TED may cause the loss of phonation. Our previous study demonstrated that TED with tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP) prevents aspiration while retaining phonation. In this study, we aimed to further evaluate the feeding status and phonation of patients who underwent TED with TEP to verify the reproducibility of this procedure.

Monotherapy With Prasugrel After Dual-Antiplatelet Therapy for Japanese Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Patients With High Bleeding Risk - A Prospective Cohort Study (PENDULUM mono Study).

Background: The risks of bleeding and cardiovascular events in high bleeding risk (HBR) Japanese patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) while receiving single-antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of bleeding and cardiovascular events associated with prasugrel monotherapy after short-term dual-antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in Japanese HBR patients after PCI.

Methods and results: The PENDULUM mono study was a multicenter, non-interventional, prospective registry (n=1,173).