A Case with Left Hemiplegia after Cerebral Infarction with Improved Walking Ability Through Robot-assisted Gait Training Combined with Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation for Foot Drop.

Unlabelled: Yamaguchi A, Kanazawa Y, Hirano S, Aoyagi Y. A Case with Left Hemiplegia after Cerebral Infarction with Improved Walking Ability Through Robot-assisted Gait Training Combined with Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation for Foot Drop. Jpn J Compr Rehabil Sci 2024; 15: 88-93.

The prognostic superiority of second-generation androgen receptor signaling inhibitor in patients with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare prognostic outcomes of administering first- or second-generation androgen receptor signaling inhibitors in non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and to find prognostic indicators.

Methods: This retrospective study included 198 patients with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer from 14 institutions associated with Tokai Urologic Oncology Research Seminar. Forty-two patients were treated with combined androgen blockade using first-generation inhibitors (bicalutamide or flutamide), and 156 were treated with second-generation inhibitors (abiraterone/enzalutamide or apalutamide/darolutamide) after primary androgen deprivation therapy failure.

Advancements and Challenges in Robot-Assisted Bone Processing in Neurosurgical Procedures.

Objective: Practical applications of nerve decompression using neurosurgical robots remain unexplored. Our ongoing research and development initiatives, utilizing industrial robots, aim to establish a secure and efficient neurosurgical robotic system. The principal objective of this study was to automate bone grinding, which is a pivotal component of neurosurgical procedures.

Daily light exposure profiles and the association with objective sleep quality in patients with Parkinson's disease: The PHASE study.

Study Objectives: Light information crucially influences sleep initiation and continuity. The purpose of this study was to compare daily light exposure between patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and non-PD older adults and evaluate the association of daily light exposure with objective sleep measures in patients with PD.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study of 189 outpatients with PD and 1101 community-dwelling older adults (controls), daily light exposure was measured using wrist light meters during the daytime and light meters set in the bedrooms during the nighttime, and objective sleep quality was measured by wrist actigraphy.

Development of a Model for Plaque Induction in Rat Carotid Arteries.

 Plaque induction through intimal injury using a balloon catheter in small animals and by artificial ligation of the carotid artery in large animals have been reported. However, these reports have not yet succeeded in inducing stable plaques nor creating a high degree of intimal thickening to be used as animal models. We have previously developed a plaque induction model in rats but have failed to obtain a plaque incidence frequency that can be used as a model.

External Validation of the Padua and IMPROVE-VTE Risk Assessment Models for Predicting Venous Thromboembolism in Hospitalized Adult Medical Patients: A Retrospective Single-Center Study in Japan.

To assess the external validity of the Padua and International Medical Prevention Registry on Venous Thromboembolism (IMPROVE-VTE) risk assessment models (RAMs) for predicting venous thromboembolism (VTE) within 90 days of admission among hospitalized medical patients in Japan. A university hospital cohort comprising 3876 consecutive patients ages ≥15 years admitted to a general internal medicine department between July 2016 and July 2021 was retrospectively analyzed using data extracted from their medical records. A total of 74 VTE events (1.

Prevalence and characteristics of antibiotic prescription for acute COVID-19 patients in Japan.

COVID-19 is a viral infection and does not require antibiotics. The study aimed to elucidate a prescribing pattern of antibiotics for COVID-19. A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted in Japan.

Effect of Pemafibrate on Serum Creatinine in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.

Introduction: Fibrates are recommended not to be used for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) based on clinical practice guidelines. The major reason for the negative suggestion is the elevation of serum creatinine and rhabdomyolysis by fibrates. This may cause clinical inertia for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia using fibrate in patients with CKD, who are associated with an increasing risk of cardiovascular disease.

Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy restored distinctive resting-state networks in patients with essential tremor.

Objective: Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) thalamotomy ameliorates symptoms in patients with essential tremor (ET). How this treatment affects canonical brain networks has not been elucidated. The purpose of this study was to clarify changes of brain networks after MRgFUS thalamotomy in ET patients by analyzing resting-state networks (RSNs).

Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) clinical practice guidelines on the management of lateral epicondylitis of the humerus - Secondary publication.

Background: The guidelines presented herein provide recommendations for the management of patients with lateral epicondylitis of the humerus. These recommendations are endorsed by the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) and Japan Elbow Society.

Methods: The JOA lateral epicondylitis guideline committee revised the previous guidelines on the basis of the "Medical Information Network Distribution Service Handbook for Clinical Practice Guideline Development 2014", which emphasized the importance of the balance between benefit and harm, and proposed a desirable method for preparing clinical guidelines in Japan.

Clinical outcome in patients who underwent amputation due to extremity soft tissue sarcoma: Tokai Musculoskeletal Oncology Consortium study.

Background: Soft tissue sarcomas are a diverse group of rare malignant tumours, mostly occurring in the lower extremities. Amputations are necessary for achieving local control when the soft tissue sarcomas are too large and/or have neurovascular involvement. Patients who require amputation have a poorer prognosis than those who undergo limb-salvage surgery.

Comparison of clinical outcomes between androgen deprivation therapy with up-front abiraterone and bicalutamide for Japanese patients with LATITUDE high-risk prostate cancer in a real-world retrospective analysis.

Background: Combining abiraterone (Abi) with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) improves overall survival, compared to ADT only, in patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). In Japan, bicalutamide (Bica) and ADT (combined androgen blockade: CAB) is frequently provided for mCSPC. Because these two treatments have not been compared, mCSPC patients who received either treatment were retrospectively analyzed.

Phase I Study of Carboplatin Plus Pemetrexed with Concurrent Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Non-Squamous NSCLC (CJLSG0912).

Although concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the standard therapy for unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), no optimal concurrent chemoradiotherapy regimen has been identified in non-squamous NSCLC. We conducted an open-label, multicenter phase I trial to assess the safety of carboplatin (CBDCA) plus pemetrexed (PEM) with concurrent thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) of 60 Gy. The primary endpoint was determination of the maximum tolerated dose.

National Data Analysis and Systematic Review for Human Resources for Cervical Cancer Screening in Japan.

Background: Although cervical cancer screening has been performed as a national program since 1983 in Japan, the participation rate has remained below 20%. Equity of access is a basic requirement for cancer screening. However, taking smears from the cervix has been limited to gynecologists or obstetricians in Japan and it might be a barrier for accessibility.

Posterior and Anterior Fusion for Severe Cervical Kyphosis in a Patient with Chondrodysplasia Punctata: A Case Report.

Case: A 4-year-old girl with spastic gait and hand clumsiness who was diagnosed with cervical myelopathy caused by atlantoaxial dislocation and midcervical severe kyphosis associated with chondrodysplasia punctata (CDP). The patient underwent posterior instrumentation and anterior spinal fusion and successful correction with osseous fusion was obtained 8 months after surgery. In addition, the preoperative neurological symptoms were completely recovered.

Impact of vascular abnormality on contrast-enhanced CT and high C-reactive protein levels on postoperative pancreatic hemorrhage after pancreaticoduodenectomy: A multi-institutional, retrospective analysis of 590 consecutive cases.

Background: /Objectives: This study aimed to elucidate the efficacy of CT findings and perioperative characteristics to predict post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage (PPH): a critical complication after pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Methods: The records of 590 consecutive patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy at three institutes between 2012 and 2018 were included. The presence of a vascular wall abnormality or ascites with high density (vascular abnormality) on postoperative day (POD) 5-10 contrast-enhanced CT (early CT), perioperative characteristics, and any PPH or pseudoaneurysm formation (PPH events) were analyzed through a multivariate analysis.

Postoperative pancreatic fistulas decrease the survival of pancreatic cancer patients treated with surgery after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: A retrospective analysis.

Background And Objectives: A postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is a critical complication after surgery for pancreatic cancer. Whether a POPF affects the long-term prognosis of pancreatic cancer cases remains controversial. This study aimed to clarify the effect of a POPF on the long-term prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients, especially after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT).