Chinese expert consensus on sequential surgery following conversion therapy based on combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and antiangiogenic targeted drugs for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (2024 edition).

Up to half of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage, for which effective treatment options are lacking, resulting in a poor prognosis. Over the past few years, the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and anti-angiogenic targeted therapy has proven highly efficacious in treating advanced HCC, significantly extending patients' survival and providing a potential for sequential curative surgery. After sequential curative hepatectomy or liver transplantation following conversion therapy, patients can receive long-term survival benefits.

Gaps in the management of adrenal insufficiency in melanoma survivors: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Due to limited data on managing immunotherapy-induced secondary adrenal insufficiency (SAI) in melanoma survivors, this study investigated its management strategies and outcomes.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed melanoma patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with SAI (Mel_SAI, n = 161), without SAI (Mel_CON, n = 168), and patients with pituitary adenoma-related SAI (Pit_SAI, n = 106) at our institution from January 2013 to November 2023. We compared glucocorticoid management patterns, quality of life using distress scores, and the impact of different glucocorticoid types on survival outcomes using Kaplan-Meier analysis.

Radiomics analysis of thoracic vertebral bone marrow microenvironment changes before bone metastasis of breast cancer based on chest CT.

Unlabelled: Bone metastasis from breast cancer significantly elevates patient morbidity and mortality, making early detection crucial for improving outcomes. This study utilizes radiomics to analyze changes in the thoracic vertebral bone marrow microenvironment from chest computerized tomography (CT) images prior to bone metastasis in breast cancer, and constructs a model to predict metastasis.

Methods: This study retrospectively gathered data from breast cancer patients who were diagnosed and continuously monitored for five years from January 2013 to September 2023.

Characterizing ADRs of Enfortumab vedotin and Erdafitinib in bladder cancer treatment: a descriptive analysis from WHO-VigiAccess.

Introduction: Enfortumab vedotin (EV) and Erdafitinib are effective therapeutic drugs for bladder cancer patients following post-chemotherapy and immunotherapy. This study assessed adverse drug reactions (ADRs) from both drugs, comparing their safety profiles to guide clinical use.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive analysis was conducted on ADR reports for EV and Erdafitinib from the World Health Organization (WHO)-VigiAccess database.

Establishment and characterization of a new intestinal-type ampullary carcinoma cell line, DPC-X3.

Ampullary carcinoma (AC) of the intestinal type represents a distinct variant within the broader category of ampullary neoplasms. The scarcity of pertinent cellular models has constrained investigations centered on this particular malignancy. This research effectively generated a cell line (CL) of intestinal-type AC (DPC-X3).

An NIR-driven biosensor based on the metal-enhanced fluorescence effect and a signal amplification strategy for miRNA detection.

Research has shown that the expression level of microRNA-155 (miRNA-155) is positively correlated with clinical stage and depth of invasion in patients with cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and tends to be highly expressed. Therefore, it is very important to develop sensitive miRNA-155 analysis methods for the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic evaluation of cervical cancer. In this study, a near-infrared light-driven fluorescent biosensor based on the metal-enhanced fluorescence effect of polydopamine-coated upconversion nanoparticle (UP/Au) and two toehold-mediated strand displacement (TMSD) steps was constructed for the detection of miRNA-155.

Zinc-based radioenhancers to activate tumor radioimmunotherapy by PD-L1 and cGAS-STING pathway.

Radiotherapy and immunotherapy have already become the primary form of treatment for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but are limited by high radiotherapy dose and low immune response rate. Herein, a multi-pronged strategy using a radio-immuno-enhancer (ZnO-Au@mSiO) is developed by inducing tumor cells apoptosis and reprograming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). The radio-immuno-enhancer employed Au as a radiosensitizer, transition Zn ions as immune activators, which not only tremendously enhances the anti-proliferative activity of radiotherapy toward cancer cells, but also activates the immune response with multi-targets to let "exhausted" T cells "back to life" by triggering immunogenic cell death (ICD), immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) that target PD-1/PD-L1 and cGAS-STING under X-ray irradiation with a low dosage.

Akkermansia muciniphila activates natural killer cells by suppressing the TGF-β signaling pathway in lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) stands out as a prevalent malignant tumor necessitating innovative strategies to enhance therapeutic outcomes. Akkermansia muciniphila (AKK) has emerged as intricately linked to tumor immunotherapy, yet its impact on natural killer (NK) cells, which play a crucial role in immunotherapy, remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of AKK outer membrane proteins on NK cells in LUAD and elucidate potential associated molecular mechanisms.

Construction of a novel copper-induced-cell-death-related gene signature for prognosis in colon cancer, with focus on KIF7.

Background: Colon cancer (CC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Accurate prognostic markers are essential for patient risk stratification and personalized treatment. Copper-induced cell-death-related genes (CRG) have emerged as potential players in cancer prognosis, yet their role in CC remains unclear.

DeepMoIC: multi-omics data integration via deep graph convolutional networks for cancer subtype classification.

Background: Achieving precise cancer subtype classification is imperative for effective prognosis and treatment. Multi-omics studies, encompassing diverse data modalities, have emerged as powerful tools for unraveling the complexities of cancer. However, owing to the intricacies of biological data, multi-omics datasets generally show variations in data types, scales, and distributions.

Oleanolic acid combined with aspirin plays antitumor roles in colorectal cancer via the Akt/NFκB/IκBα/COX2 pathway.

Among the common malignancies, colorectal cancer (CRC) is often resistant to chemotherapy because of drug resistance and severe toxicity. Currently, aspirin is one of the most promising CRC chemopreventive drugs, both for primary prevention and for reducing the chance of recurrence and metastasis following radical surgery in patients with early-stage CRC. Oleanolic acid is a potential antineoplastic drug that has an antagonistic effect on many kinds of tumors.

YTHDF2 promotes ATP synthesis and immune evasion in B cell malignancies.

Long-term durable remission in patients with B cell malignancies following chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell immunotherapy remains unsatisfactory, often due to antigen escape. Malignant B cell transformation and oncogenic growth relies on efficient ATP synthesis, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report that YTHDF2 facilitates energy supply and antigen escape in B cell malignancies, and its overexpression alone is sufficient to cause B cell transformation and tumorigenesis.

Proteomics analysis revealed the therapeutic role of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on radiation-induced colorectal fibrosis in rats.

Background: Radiation-induced colorectal fibrosis (RICF) is a chronic condition that can develop after pelvic radiation therapy for colorectal cancer. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) have emerged as promising candidate for fibrosis treatment, yet the mode of action of ADSC upon RICF remains obscure. This study aimed to investigate the optimal delivery route, treatment timing, anti-fibrotic effects, and underlying mechanisms of ADSCs upon RICF.

Iron-glucose oxidase nanogel assembly for amplified starvation-ferroptosis anti-tumor therapy.

Developing advanced and effective enzyme-drug systems for cancer treatment is of significant interest. Herein, a novel approach is reported to create a highly active and robust enzyme-drug system. Glucose oxidase nanogels (nGOx) are first synthesized by polymerization on the surface of GOx using vinylimidazole as comonomers.

First-line treatments for KRAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer: current state and future perspectives.

mutations are common in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and are associated with patient prognosis; however, targeting has faced various difficulties. Currently, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and chemoimmunotherapy play pivotal roles in the first-line treatment of -mutated NSCLC. Here, we summarize the current evidence on first-line therapies and compare the treatment outcomes and biomarkers for different regimens.

Multicenter Study on Transarterial Chemoembolization Combined with Radiofrequency Ablation for Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Primary versus Recurrent HCC.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for both primary and recurrent early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to analyze the significant prognostic factors.

Patients And Methods: Data from patients with early-stage primary or recurrent HCC who underwent TACE plus RFA between August 2019 and May 2024 were collected from three major general hospitals. 158 patients were divided into a primary group and a recurrent group on the basis of their baseline characteristics.

Association Between Serum Uric Acid to Creatinine Ratio and Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease in Southeast China (TyG-BMI as a Potential Mediator).

Purpose: Serum uric acid to creatinine ratio (SUA/Cr) has been associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome; however, limited evidence exists regarding the relationship between SUA/Cr and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). This study aims to investigate the association between SUA/Cr, TyG-BMI (triglyceride glucose-body mass index), and MAFLD in Chinese adults.

Patients And Methods: The data were obtained from a health examination conducted at Nanping First Hospital.

Effect of pH on antitumor activity of Chinese cobra (Naja atra) cytotoxin-XII.

Unlabelled: Cytotoxins (CTXs), proteins found in cobra venom, selectively inhibit tumor cell proliferation. Herein, we selected CTX-XII because of its potent antitumor activity to investigate the effect of solution pH on its response. MTT assay results showed significantly higher inhibition rates for CTX-XII at pH 5.

Identification and validation of a prognostic risk model based on radiosensitivity-related genes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: Despite advancements with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), about 10 % of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients remain resistant to radiotherapy, leading to recurrence and poor prognosis. This study aims to identify radiosensitivity-related genes in NPC and develop a prognostic model to predict patient outcomes.

Methods: We analyzed 179 NPC samples from Fujian Cancer Hospital using RNA sequencing.

Severe postoperative complications after minimally invasive esophagectomy reduce the long-term prognosis of well-immunonutrition patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: While severe postoperative complications (SPCs) impact cancer prognosis, their effect on locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients with varying immunonutritional statuses after minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) is unclear.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 442 patients with locally advanced ESCC who underwent MIE, investigating the relationship between SPCs and survival based on preoperative immunonutritional status, determined by the prognostic nutritional index (PNI). Nomograms were developed for patients with preserved immunonutritional status using Cox regression, and their performance was assessed.

Evaluating lactate metabolism for prognostic assessment and therapy response prediction in gastric cancer with emphasis on the oncogenic role of SLC5A12.

Background: Gastric cancer remains a common malignancy with poor prognosis. While lactate metabolism is recognized as a significant factor in tumor progression, its potential as a predictive tool for treatment response remains unexplored. This study introduces a novel Lactate-Related Gene Signature (LRGS) designed to predict both survival outcomes and therapy responses in gastric cancer patients.

Neoadjuvant Modified Infusional Fluorouracil, Leucovorin, and Oxaliplatin With or Without Radiation Versus Fluorouracil Plus Radiation for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: Updated Results of the FOWARC Study After a Median Follow-Up of 10 Years.

We present 10-year results of the phase Ⅲ FOWARC trial, which evaluated the efficacy of modified infusional fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (mFOLFOX6) with or without radiation compared with fluorouracil with radiation in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. A total of 495 patients age 18-75 years with stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ rectal cancer were randomly assigned to three treatment arms: fluorouracil plus radiotherapy, mFOLFOX6 plus radiotherapy, or mFOLFOX6 alone, followed by surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. With a median follow-up of 10 years, the 10-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 52.