Prediction and stratification for the surgical adverse events after minimally invasive esophagectomy: A two-center retrospective study.

Background: Minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) is a widely accepted treatment for esophageal cancer, yet it is associated with a significant risk of surgical adverse events (SAEs), which can compromise patient recovery and long-term survival. Accurate preoperative identification of high-risk patients is critical for improving outcomes.

Aim: To establish and validate a risk prediction and stratification model for the risk of SAEs in patients with MIE.

The value of quantitative susceptibility mapping and morphometry in the differential diagnosis of Parkinsonism.

Background And Purpose: Differentiating Parkinson's Disease (PD) from Atypical Parkinsonism Syndrome (APS), including Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP), is challenging, and there is no gold standard. Integrating quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and morphometry can help differentiate PD from APS and improve the internal diagnosis of APS.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, we enrolled 55 patients with PD, 17 with MSA-parkinsonian type (MSA-P), 15 with MSA-cerebellar type (MSA-C), and 14 with PSP.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of durvalumab with chemotherapy and maintenance durvalumab with or without olaparib for advanced endometrial cancer.

This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of adding durvalumab to chemotherapy, with subsequent maintenance either with olaparib (DOCT) or without olaparib (DCT), versus chemotherapy alone (CT) as a first-line treatment for advanced endometrial cancer (EC) in the United States, stratified by mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) and proficiency (pMMR). A Markov model based on DUO-E Phase III trial data simulated disease progression and outcomes. Total costs, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) were evaluated.

Preoperative leptin levels were associated with postoperative acute kidney injury in patients with acute type A aortic dissection.

Objective: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common surgical complication of acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD) and strongly associated with an unfavorable prognosis. Although elevated leptin levels have been identified as a potential risk factor for chronic kidney disease in middle-aged and elderly individuals, their association with AKI following AAAD surgery remains unknown. This study investigated the association between preoperative leptin levels and postoperative AKI in patients with AAAD.

Prognostic value of ground-glass opacity on computed tomography for patients with pathological stage IA3 lung adenocarcinoma: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Background: Ground-glass opacity (GGO) on computed tomography (CT) has been suggested as a potential prognostic factor in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), but its significance in patients with pathological stage IA3 LUAD, particularly in relation to micropapillary (MIP) status, remains unclear. This study addresses the clinical need to stratify patients based on GGO and MIP status to optimize prognosis prediction and follow-up strategies.

Methods: A multicenter retrospective study was conducted on 411 patients with pathological stage IA3 LUAD, enrolled between July 2012 and July 2020.

Integrative Analyses of Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing and Bulk RNA-Sequencing Reveal Prognostic Markers of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Patients with Cardiogenic Shock Receiving Venous-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support Collected before Venous-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Establishment.

The impact of changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) on the prognosis of patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) receiving venous-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) remains unclear. A single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) and a bulk RNA-sequencing (bulk RNA-seq) data sets of pre-ECMO PBMCs of CS patients were obtained from the gene expression omnibus database, which were analyzed using the "Seurat" and "limma" packages, respectively. The counts of different PMBC cell types, differential expression genes (DEGs), pathway enrichment analysis, cell-cell communication analysis, pseudotime analysis, and immune cell infiltration analysis were compared between VA-ECMO groups with different prognoses.

The brain structure underlying the nonlinear association between early-life tobacco smoke exposure and the risk for cognitive decline and dementia in adulthood: a large prospective cohort study.

Background: The impacts of early-life tobacco smoke exposure, including exposure during pregnancy and the initiation of smoking during childhood and adolescence, on cognitive decline and the risk of dementia in later life have not been investigated.

Methods: We used data from the UK Biobank (UKB) to assess early-life tobacco exposure, including in utero exposure and the age at which smoking was initiated. Cox proportional-hazards regression models were employed to gauge the relationships between early-life tobacco smoke exposure and both the risk of cognitive decline and dementia in adulthood.

Mono-species bacteria-induced chronic apical periodontitis triggers the aortic inflammatory response via modulation of systemic inflammation and lipid metabolism.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide and has been confirmed to be associated with a common oral bacterial infection-chronic apical periodontitis (CAP). However, the detailed mechanisms remain controversial. CAP can potentially alter systemic inflammation, lipid metabolism, and gut microbiota, all of which contribute to the progression of the aortic inflammatory response.

Experimental Research Progress of mPGES-1 Inhibitor 2,5-Dimethylcelecoxib in Various Diseases.

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) plays a crucial role in inflammation. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications are commonly utilized to alleviate pain and address inflammation by blocking the production of PGE2 and cyclooxygenase (COX). However, selective inhibition of COX can easily lead to a series of risks for cardiovascular diseases.

Prognostic nomogram for overall survival of elderly esophageal cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy: a population-based analysis.

Background: As the population of elderly patients with esophageal cancer (EC) increases, it becomes more important to understand the prognostic factors. The aim of the present study is to identify prognostic factors among elderly (>60 years) patients with EC receiving neoadjuvant therapy.

Methods: Patients with EC (>60 years) receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) or chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) diagnosed between 2004 and 2015 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were included and divided into a training group and a validation group.

Early coagulation changes as predictors of adverse outcomes in patients with severe burn and inhalation injuries.

Background: Disorders of the coagulation pathway are triggered in patients with severe burn and inhalation injuries in the early stages. There are multiple early coagulation indices identified to correlate with adverse outcomes.

Method: A retrospective analysis of patients with severe burn and inhalation injuries from 12 centers in mainland China was performed to identify early changed coagulation indices with predictive value associated with four major 28-day adverse outcomes (death, anticoagulation, mechanical ventilation, continuous renal replacement therapy) by logistic regression.

Impact of radiotherapy on secondary lung cancer risk and survival in elderly female breast cancer survivors.

This retrospective cohort study using SEER data from 2000 to 2020 examines the impact of radiotherapy on the risk of Secondary Primary Lung Cancer (SPLC) in 224,396 elderly female breast cancer survivors. Patients treated with radiotherapy displayed a 31 % increased SPLC risk compared to those not treated. Utilizing Cox Proportional Hazards and Poisson regression models, the study assessed various factors including age, race, and tumor characteristics.

Development of a recombinant Ang1 variant with enhanced Tie2 binding and its application to attenuate sepsis in mice.

The angiopoietin (Ang)-Tie axis, critical for endothelial cell function and vascular development, is a promising therapeutic target for treating vascular disorders and inflammatory conditions like sepsis. This study aimed to enhance the binding affinity of recombinant Ang1 variants to the Tie2 and explore their therapeutic potential. Structural insights from the Ang1-Tie2 complex enabled the identification of key residues within the Ang1 receptor binding domain (RBD) critical for Tie2 interaction.

Evaluating the feasibility of AI-predicted bpMRI image features for predicting prostate cancer aggressiveness: a multi-center study.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of utilizing artificial intelligence (AI)-predicted biparametric MRI (bpMRI) image features for predicting the aggressiveness of prostate cancer (PCa).

Materials And Methods: A total of 878 PCa patients from 4 hospitals were retrospectively collected, all of whom had pathological results after radical prostatectomy (RP). A pre-trained AI algorithm was used to select suspected PCa lesions and extract lesion features for model development.

Prognostic stratification of gastric cancer patients by intratumoral microbiota-mediated tumor immune microenvironment.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and therapeutic options for advanced GC are limited. Here, we observe that intratumoral microbiota controls chemokine expression, which in turn recruits immune cells into the tumor, and that immune infiltration is strongly associated with patient survival and disease attributes. Furthermore, microbiota regulation of chemokines is differentiated in GC patients with different survival risks.

A mouse coccygeal intervertebral disc degeneration model with tail-looping constructed using a suturing method.

Backgroud: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is one of the common degenerative diseases. Due to ethical constraints, it is difficult to obtain sufficient research on humans, so the use of an animal model of IDD is very important to clarify the pathogenesis and treatment mechanism of the disease.

Methods: In this study, thirty 2-month-old mice were selected for operation to establish a coccygeal IDD model.

Molecular Characterization and Risk Factors of Carbapenem-Resistant Hypervirulent Isolated from Chinese Tertiary Hospital.

Background: Therefore, the objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent (CR-hvKp) in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, identify their genetic characters, characterize their resistance profiles, and identify risk factors for their infection to improve prevention and treatment strategies for CR-hvKp in the area.

Methods: Between January 2021 and January 2022, clinically identified carbapenem-resistant (CRKp) isolates were collected. A PCR assay was used to detect the K capsule type, virulence genes, carbapenemase genes, and membrane pore protein.

PPARα suppresses growth of hepatocellular carcinoma in a high-fat diet context by reducing neutrophil extracellular trap release.

Background & Aims: The role of infiltrating neutrophils in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is modulated by cellular metabolism, specifically lipid homeostasis. Throughout the progression of HCC, alterations in lipid metabolism are intricately linked with regulation of neutrophil function and the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). However, how much the protumor effect of a high-fat diet (HFD) depends on NETs and the potential interplay between NETs and other leukocytes in HCC remains uncertain.

1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone activates the AMPK pathway to alleviate western-diet induced metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis in mice.

Background & Aims: Approved drugs for the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) are limited, although it has become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP) possesses various biological effects such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. However, the effects and underlying mechanism of PMP in MASH remain unclear.

A new hereditary PROS1 gene mutation caused isolated cortical venous thrombosis.

Background: Protein S deficiency is a rare inherited disease. We report the case of a young man who unexpectedly developed isolated cortical vein thrombosis (ICoVT) associated with a novel PROS1 mutation.

Methods: Clinical symptoms were recorded, and physical examinations conducted.

Serum KL-6 levels reflect the severity of interstitial lung disease caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Tumor immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has emerged as a powerful strategy in treating malignant tumors, exhibiting efficacy in both first-line and second-line treatments for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite their success, ICIs can lead to adverse reactions, including interstitial lung disease (ILD), with an incidence ranging from 2.7 % to 20.

Causal relationship between rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, ankylosing spondylitis and risk of prostate cancer: Multivariable and bidirectional Mendelian-randomization analyses.

Previous studies have suggested an association between autoimmune diseases (AIDs) and the risk of prostate cancer (PCa). However, the causal relationship between AID and PCa remained unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the causal association between 3 common AIDs, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and the risk of PCa.

The compensatory enrichment of sphingosine-1-phosphate on HDL in FSGS enhances the protective function of glomerular endothelial cells compared to MCD.

Glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) are pivotal in developing glomerular sclerosis disorders. The advancement of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is intimately tied to disruptions in lipid metabolism. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a molecule transported by high-density lipoproteins (HDL), exhibits protective effects on vascular endothelial cells by upregulating phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (p-eNOS) and enhancing nitric oxide (NO) production.

SQSTM1/p62 predicts prognosis and upregulates the transcription of CCND1 to promote proliferation in mantle cell lymphoma.

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, highly invasive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The main pathogenesis of MCL is associated with the formation of the IgH/CCND1 fusion gene and nuclear overexpression of cyclin D1, which accelerates the cell cycle, leading to tumorigenesis. The prognosis with current standard chemotherapy is still unsatisfactory.

The Red Cell Distribution Width to Albumin Ratio: A Novel Prognostic Indicator in Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

The prognostic significance of the red blood cell distribution width to albumin ratio (RAR) spans various diseases, yet its utility as a biomarker for hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC) remains unclear. We retrospectively studied 1,413 patients with HBV-HCC. Receiver operating characteristic curves identified optimal RAR cut-offs, stratifying patients into H-RAR and L-RAR groups.