Overexpression of YKL40,IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α in tonsils and the role of YKL40 in childhood with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

To evaluate the levels of YKL40, IL-6(interleukin-6), IL-8(interleukin-8), IL-10(interleukin-10), TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α) in OSAS (obstructive sleep apnea syndrome)children and explore the mechanism of YKL40 promoting inflammatory factors overexpression in tonsils. qPCR and ELISA were used to identify the expression of YKL40, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α in the tonsils of OSAS children. Primary tonsil lymphocytes (PTLCs) were cultured and recombinant human YKL40(rhYKL40)was used to stimulate PTLCs in different concentrations and at different time points.

Second primary malignancy for early-stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by SEER17 registries.

Objective: Investigating treatment modalities' association with second primary malignancy risk in early-stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Methods: Data of 5-year survivors of early-stage (stages I-II, seventh TNM staging manual) HNSCC from 2000 to 2020 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Standardized incidence ratio and excess absolute risk were used to assess second primary malignancy (SPM) development externally.

Peripheral lymphocyte count as an indicator of radiotherapy effectiveness in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: To explore the predictive significance of baseline absolute peripheral lymphocyte counts (ALC) in the effectiveness of radiation in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) patients.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A retrospective study of pathologically confirmed HPSCC patients who had definitive radiation between January 2020 and January 2022 at Fudan University Eye and ENT Hospital. The routine blood results of patients were obtained to determine if the baseline ALC was connected with the response to radiation.

SARS-CoV-2 infection increases airway bleeding risk in patients after tracheostomies.

Background: Airway bleeding events are a rare incident in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients after tracheostomies. We aimed to explore the correlation between airway bleeding and SARS-CoV-2 infection and evaluate the consistency of SARS-CoV-2 RNA test results in the upper and lower airway samples from patients after tracheostomies.

Methods: Forty-four patients after temporary or permanent tracheostomy were divided into a positive group (29 patients) and a negative group (15 patients) based on the SARS-CoV-2 RNA test results of their oropharyngeal swabs.

The association between high jugular bulb and mastoid pneumatization in adults.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the degree of high jugular bulb (HJB) and mastoid pneumatization using high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT).

Methods: Between April 2019 and June 2022, HRCT of the temporal bone was retrospectively analyzed in 1,025 patients. By excluding the other coexistent pathologies, 113 patients with HJBs were recruited for the study.

Heterogeneity and subtypes of CD4 regulatory T cells: implications for tumor therapy.

In the conventional view, CD4 regulatory T cell (T) represents a subset of lymphocytes that involve the perception and negative regulation of the immune response. CD4T plays an important role in the maintenance of immune homeostasis and immune tolerance. However, recent studies have revealed that CD4T do not suppress the immune response in some diseases, but promote inflammatory injury or inhibit tissue remodeling, suggesting the functional heterogeneity of CD4T.

The value of gadolinium-enhanced MRI in predicting the development of sudden hearing loss into Ménière's disease.

Objective: To compare the clinical features of sudden hearing loss (SHL) in patients with and without endolymphatic hydrops (EH), and to investigate the association between SHL with EH and Ménière's disease (MD).

Methods: The clinical data of 63 SHL patients with first symptoms were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were separated into two groups based on the results of gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging: EH and non-EH groups.

The Hyperproliferation Mechanism of Cholesteatoma Based on Proteomics: SNCA Promotes Autophagy-Mediated Cell Proliferation Through the PI3K/AKT/CyclinD1 Signaling Pathway.

Cholesteatoma is a chronic inflammatory ear disease with abnormal keratinized epithelium proliferation and tissue damage. However, the mechanism of keratinized epithelium hyperproliferation in cholesteatoma remains unknown. Hence, our study sought to shed light on mechanisms affecting the pathology and development of cholesteatoma, which could help develop adjunctive treatments.

Differentiating Meniere's Disease and Vestibular Migraine: Insights from Gadolinium-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Clinical Features.

Objective: To explore the predictive factors between Meniere's disease (MD) and vestibular migraine (VM) by Gadolinium-enhanced Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the inner ear and Clinical Features.

Methods: Eighty-seven patients (50 MD and 37 VM) underwent intratympanic injection of gadolinium and MRI was performed 24 h later. All patients underwent pure tone audiometry and caloric tests.

Development and validation for multifactor prediction model of sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

Background: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is a global problem threatening human health. Early and rapid diagnosis contributes to effective treatment. However, there is a lack of effective SSNHL prediction models.

Inflammatory markers in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Objective: To evaluate serum inflammatory markers of YKL-40, Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-8(IL-8), Interleukin-10(IL-10), TNF-α(tumor necrosis factor-α), and CRP (C-reactive protein) in children with and without OSAS.

Methods: The ELISA technique has been used to identify the concentration of inflammatory markers such as YKL-40, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, and CRP in the serum of 83 children with OSAS and 83 children without OSAS.

Results: Serum levels of YKL-40, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 were found to be increased in children with OSAS.

The value of 3D quantitative scoring of endolymphatic hydrops in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Ménière's disease.

Objective: We aimed to explore the application of three-dimensional (3D) quantitative scoring of endolymphatic hydrops (EH) based on gadolinium-contrast MRI in both the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Ménière's disease (MD).

Methods: Local threshold method based on signal intensities was used to quantitatively measure volumes, and the degree of EH was scored by 3D quantitative scoring. The receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to compare the diagnostic efficacy of this method against conventional evaluation methods.

[Endoscopic management and outcome of nasosinusitis in non-traumatic dehiscence of the lamina papyracea with orbital content herniation].

To analyze the CT manifestations, clinical features, and endoscopic management and outcome of nasosinusitis in non-traumatic dehiscence of the lamina papyracea with herniation of orbital contents. From January 2019 to October 2020, a total of 686 cases with chronic nasosinusitis or nasal septum deviation were admitted to our department, including 448 male cases and 238 female cases. No patient had prior maxillofacial or orbital trauma as well as surgery related to nose and eyes.

Comparative endoscopic techniques of medial rectus muscle retraction for approaching intraconal tumors: Our experience with five cases.

Objective: To examine the role of transnasal endoscopic approaches in the management of intraconal tumors and demonstrate the use of an eyelid speculum in comparison with different techniques of medial rectus muscle (MRM) retraction.

Methods: Retrospective data of five patients with intraconal tumors operated on and followed up by the senior authors between December 2019 and April 2022 was collected. Presenting symptoms, technical details, imaging and histology findings, outcomes, and complications were evaluated.

Ultrasensitive quantitation of circulating miR-195-5p with triple strand displacement amplification cascade.

Circulating miR-195-5p has been proposed as a promising peripheral biomarker for the diagnosis, prognosis and severity assessment of various diseases. However, the demand for its sensitive and convenient quantification has not been met yet. Herein, we proposed a one-pot isothermal approach, in which the target signal acquisition, amplification and conversion (fluorescence read-out) system was integrated by a triple strand displacement amplification (SDA) cascade.

Possible mechanism of CHI3L1 promoting tonsil lymphocytes proliferation in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Background: The typical characteristic of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is systemic inflammation and adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH), but the inflammatory markers and mechanism of adenotonsillar proliferation are unclear.

Methods: IHC, qPCR, and western blotting were used to identify the expression of CHI3L1 in the tonsils of children with OSAS. The primary tonsil lymphocytes (PTLCs) from children with OSAS were cultured and recombinant human CHI3L1 protein was added to culture media.

Tuberculous Otitis Media Complicated by Meningitis-Induced Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Case Report.

Tuberculosis of the middle ear is a rare but treatable disease; however, delays in diagnosis and treatment usually lead to complications. Diagnosis is made difficult by most physicians being unfamiliar with the typical presenting features and special cultural and pathologic studies being required for diagnosis. A case report and literature review are presented, illustrating typical clinical, epidemiologic, and laboratory features, as well as complications and the treatment of tuberculous otitis media.

[Investigation of the innervation of endolymphatic sac and kidney in rats].

Objective: To confirm the existence of the nerve fibers on the endolymphatic sac (ES) and compare the innervation of endolymphatic sac with that of kidney to reveal their relationship.

Methods: Fifteen healthy Swards white rats were processed by heart pouring. The temporal bones and kidneys were taken out and were processed and sectioned by paraffin-embedded technique.