Postoperative tumor bed radiation versus T-shaped field radiation in the treatment of locally advanced thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a phase IIb multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: Postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) is crucial for patients with thoracic locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (LA-ESCC, pT3-4aN0-3M0) following esophagectomy. However, the appropriate radiation volume has not been well established. This study aimed to determine the optimal PORT volume for LA-ESCC patients.

Virulence effectors encoded in the rice yellow dwarf phytoplasma genome participate in pathogenesis.

Bacteria-like phytoplasmas alternate between plant and insect hosts, secreting proteins that disrupt host development. In this study, we sequenced the complete genome of "Candidatus Phytoplasma oryzae" strain HN2022, associated with rice yellow dwarf (RYD) disease, using PacBio HiFi technology. The strain was classified within the 16Sr XI-B subgroup.

Association between hearing loss and gout based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and Mendelian randomization analysis.

Hearing loss(HL) represents a significant public health concern. This study aimed to determine the association between hearing loss and gout and to elucidate the underlying causative mechanisms. Data for this study were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and Mendelian randomization (MR) basic databases.

Near complete assembly of Pyricularia penniseti infecting Cenchrus grass identified its eight core chromosomes.

Fungi from the Pyricularia genus cause blast disease in many economically important crops and grasses, such as wheat, rice, and Cenchrus grass JUJUNCAO. Structure variation associated with the gain and loss of effectors contributes largely to the adaptive evolution of this fungus towards diverse host plants. A telomere-to-telomere genome assembly would facilitate the identification of genome-wide structural variations through comparative genomics.

Adropin regulates macrophage phenotype via PPARγ signalling: A preliminary study of adropin and Crohn's disease.

Macrophage polarization is increasingly recognized as a vital pathogenetic factor in Crohn's disease (CD). Adropin is a secreted protein implicated in energy homeostasis, chiefly linked to glucose and lipid metabolism. However, the significance of adropin in CD is not clear.

ATP citrate lyase ablation hampers exocrine regeneration via TLR4/NF-kappaB signaling after acute pancreatitis in mice.

Background: ATP citrate lyase (Acly) is widely expressed in many tissues, has been proved to be involved in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases. So far, the importance of Acly in acute pancreatitis(AP) has not been clearly determined. The purpose of this study is to clarify whether Acly can evoke inflammatory cascades in the progression of AP and hamper the subsequent regeneration process of pancreas.

Burden of diabetes mellitus in Weifang: Changing trends in prevalence and deaths from 2010 to 2021.

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the death characteristics and burden of disease (BOD) in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients in Weifang from 2010 to 2021. The findings will serve as a foundational data source and theoretical framework for public health administrative departments in the formulation of DM-related policies.

Methods: The annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) of the disability-adjusted life years (DALY), years of life lost (YLL), and years lived with disability (YLD) in DM residents from 2010 to 2021 were analyzed using the Joinpoint software to reflect the changing trend of the BOD in DM patients.

Blocking Na1.8 regulates atrial fibrillation inducibility and cardiac conduction after myocardial infarction.

Background: The role of Na1.8 impacts in atrial fibrillation susceptibility after myocardial infarction remains only partially understood. We studied the effect of blocking Na1.

Rapid identification, pathotyping and quantification of infectious bursal disease virus by high-resolution melting curve quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis: An innovative technology well-suited for real-time large-scale epidemiological surveillance.

With the virus continuing to evolve, very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) and novel variant IBDV (nvIBDV) have become the predominant epidemic strains in China, exacerbated by the widespread use of attenuated vaccine strains (attIBDV), making a complex infection situation of IBDV in the field. Therefore, developing a rapid and accurate high-resolution melting curve quantitative reverse transcription PCR (HRM-qRT-PCR) for the identification and pathotyping of IBDV is crucial for clinical monitoring and disease control. Extensive data analysis and genome-screening of the three dominant IBDV pathotypes identified a specific region (nucleotides 2450-2603 in segment A) with distinct GC content as the detection target.

Dynamics of an SVEIR transmission model with protection awareness and two strains.

As of May 2024, the main strains of COVID-19 caused hundreds of millions of infection cases and millions of deaths worldwide. In this study, we consider the COVID-19 epidemics with the main strains in the Chinese mainland. We study complex interactions among hosts, non-pharmaceutical interventions, and vaccinations for the main strains by a differential equation model called SVEIR.

A novel high-throughput quantitative method for the determination of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances in human plasma based on UHPLC-Q/Orbitrap HRMS coupled with isotope internal standard.

A novel method for the quantitative analysis of 56 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in human plasma was established on the basis of ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q/Orbitrap HRMS) in combination with accurate customized mass databases and isotopic internal standards. A streamlined, high-throughput, and high-recovery (RE) sample pretreatment method was developed. The method's performance was evaluated in terms of linearity, limit of quantification, RE, repeatability, reproducibility, and matrix effect.

A Python program to merge Sanger sequences: an update.

Gene cloning is an important step in investigating gene structure and function. To verify gene sequence, Sanger sequencing is used, which may produce several overlapping sequencing files that need to be merged before alignment to the target gene sequence is performed. Previously, we reported the Python program to Merge Sanger sequences (https://peerj.

Screening and verification of target and molecular docking study of Pien-Tze-Huang in ameliorating alcoholic liver injury in rats.

Pien-Tze-Huang (PTH) is a famous traditional Chinese patent medicine with excellent liver-protection effects. However, the mechanism of hepatoprotective action has not yet been entirely elucidated. This study aimed to elucidate the protective mechanism of PTH against alcoholic liver injury in rats from key targets.

Occurrence, distribution and health risk assessment of quinolone residues in cultured fish in southeast China.

Quinolone antibiotics are widely utilized in aquaculture, but little is known about the health effects of their residues. This study used UPLC-MS/MS to analyze the distribution of 11 quinolone antibiotics in cultured fish sold in a coastal city in southeast China - Fujian Province and to assess their health risks. The study found 35.

Phase II study of enlonstobart (SG001), a novel PD-1 inhibitor in patients with PD-L1 positive recurrent/metastatic cervical cancer.

Background: Platinum-based chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab is the first-line treatment for patients with recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer (r/mCC), and the treatment options are limited for r/mCC after first-line treatment. Enlonstobart (SG001) is a fully humanized and high-affinity anti-PD-1 immunoglobulin G4 monoclonal antibody. Previous phase Ib study demonstrated that SG001 had a promising efficacy in patients with PD-L1 positive r/mCC.

Chemically Modified PPARγ mRNA Unleashes Adipogenic Potential in 3T3-L1-Predipocytes: An Approach for Accelerated Wound Healing.

Adipocytes play a crucial role in tissue regeneration, contributing to the restoration of damaged areas and modulating the inflammatory milieu. The modulation of gene expression through chemically modified PPARγ mRNA (PPARγ-modRNA) introduces a sophisticated approach to precisely control adipogenic processes. This study aims to explore the adipogenic potential of the PPARγ-modRNA in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and its role in wound healing.

Can "LITE" Procedure Combined With a Short Course Antibiotic Treatment Be Effective in Treating the Chronic PJI?-A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: The prevailing treatment for chronic periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a two-stage exchange, yet the optimal duration of antibiotic therapy following this procedure remains a topic of debate. This study aimed to determine whether a short course of postoperative antibiotic therapy can maintain infection control rates following a long interval two-stage exchange (LITE) for PJI.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study enrolling patients with chronic PJI who underwent the LITE procedure at our institution from April 2018 to November 2021.

Corilagin inhibits human cytomegalovirus infection and replication via activating the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo.

Aim: The existence of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is extremely widespread, causing serious diseases in patients with low immune function. The purpose of this study is to explore the efficacy and mechanism of Corilagin in the control of CMV infection, in order to provide scientific basis for the control of CMV infection.

Methods: Our study employed an animal model in Balb/c mice, infected with MCMV, alongside cellular models in HFF cells and THP-1 cells, stimulated with HCMV.

Quantum Dots-caused Retinal Degeneration in Zebrafish Regulated by Ferroptosis and Mitophagy in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells through Inhibiting Spliceosome.

Quantum dots (QDs) are widely used, but their health impact on the visual system is little known. This study aims to elucidate the effects and mechanisms of typical metallic QDs on retinas using zebrafish. Comprehensive histology, imaging, and bulk RNA sequencing reveal that InP/ZnS QDs cause retinal degeneration.