GLR36 Mutation of Casuarina equisetifoli Is Associated With a Decreased JA Response to Insect Feeding by Lymantria xylina.

Lymantria xylina is the most important defoliator, damaging the effective coastal windbreak tree species Casuarina equisetifolia. However, the underlying genetic mechanisms through which C. equisetifolia responds to L.

Visual codon: a user-friendly Python program for viewing and optimizing gene GC content.

Due to the codon bias of different species, codon optimization is usually carried out in the process of heterologous protein expression. At present, there are a variety of codon optimization tools. However, the optimized sequences may still have high or low points of local guanine and cytosine (GC) content, which is not conducive to the primer design of gene subcloning, and also makes it difficult to perform the experiment of synthesizing the whole gene with DNA fragments by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) reaction.

Eco-friendly cellulose paper based triboelectric material regulated by lignocellulose composition.

Applying cellulose paper on the triboelectric material is the trend of developing eco-friendly triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). However, the researchers always pay attention to improve the triboelectric property of cellulose paper by the grafting of functional groups and the introduction of conductive or high dielectric property materials, while neglecting the effects of lignocellulose fiber composition including hemicellulose and lignin. In this work, the contents of hemicellulose and lignin were adjusted by sodium hydroxide and sodium chlorite, respectively; and the effects of hemicellulose and lignin on the triboelectric performance of cellulose paper were evaluated.

Systematic identification of sugarcane vacuolar H-translocating pyrophosphatase (VPP) gene family and the role of ScVPP1 in salt resistance.

A total of 24 genes of vacuolar H-translocating pyrophosphatases H-PPases (VPP) genes were identified in Saccharum spontaneum AP85-441 and the ScVPP1-overexpressed Arabidopsis plants conferred salt tolerance. The vital role of vacuolar H-translocating pyrophosphatases H-PPases (VPP) genes involved in plants in response to abiotic stresses. However, the understanding of VPP functions in sugarcane remained unclear.

Phage-mediated virulence loss and antimicrobial susceptibility in carbapenem-resistant .

Bacteriophages, known for their ability to kill bacteria, are hampered in their effectiveness because bacteria are able to rapidly develop resistance, thereby posing a significant challenge for the efficacy of phage therapy. The impact of evolutionary trajectories on the long-term success of phage therapy remains largely unclear. Herein, we conducted evolutionary experiments, genomic analysis, and CRISPR-mediated gene editing, to illustrate the evolutionary trajectory occurring between phages and their hosts.

Emerging nitric oxide gas-assisted cancer photothermal treatment.

Photothermal therapy (PTT) has garnered significant attention in recent years, but the standalone application of PTT still faces limitations that hinder its ability to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes. Nitric oxide (NO), being one of the most extensively studied gaseous molecules, presents itself as a promising complementary candidate for PTT. In response, various nanosystems have been developed to enable the simultaneous utilization of PTT and NO-mediated gas therapy (GT), with the integration of photothermal agents (PTAs) and thermally-sensitive NO donors being the prevailing approach.

The Impact of on plant heat and drought tolerance.

In recent years, the global rise in temperatures has led to drought and heat becoming major environmental stresses that limit plant growth. Previous research has demonstrated the potential of in augmenting plant stress resistance. However, specific studies on its effects and underlying mechanisms in cuttings of , and Planch are relatively limited.

Enzymatically deamidated pork myofibrillar protein can form thermo-reversible gels.

By using protein-glutaminase (PG) deamidation, thermo-reversible gel of pork myofibrillar protein (PMP) can be prepared. This study aims to reveal the connection between PMP thermo-reversible gel and the coiled-coil. The research explores how the water-holding capacity and reversibility of these gels improve with increased deamidation time.

The application of CRISPR/Cas9-based genome-wide screening to disease research.

High-throughput genetic screening serves as an indispensable approach for deciphering gene functions and the intricate relationships between phenotypes and genotypes. The CRISPR/Cas9 system, with its ability to precisely edit genomes on a large scale, has revolutionized the field by enabling the construction of comprehensive genomic libraries. This technology has become a cornerstone for genome-wide screenings in disease research.

Genome-wide identification and characterization of circular RNAs for exogenous trehalose-mediated heat stress responses in tea plants ().

Background: Heat stress is one of the main environmental factors limiting the growth, yield and quality of tea plants (). Trehalose involved in plant responses to multiple adverse environmental stresses, including heat stress. However, the roles of circular RNAs (circRNAs) and their involvement in the trehalose response to heat stress remain unknown.

Organelle genome assembly, annotation, and comparative analyses of two keystone species for wetlands worldwide.

is a cosmopolitan aquatic plant genus that includes species with widespread global distributions. In previous studies, a revised molecular phylogeny was inferred using seven plastid loci from nine species across different geographic regions. By utilizing complete organellar genomes, we aim to provide a more comprehensive dataset that offers a robust phylogenetic signal for resolving species evolutionary relationships.

Pharmacological Mechanisms of Cryptotanshinone: Recent Advances in Cardiovascular, Cancer, and Neurological Disease Applications.

Cryptotanshinone (CTS) is an important active ingredient of Bge. In recent years, its remarkable pharmacological effects have triggered extensive and in-depth studies. The aim of this study is to retrieve the latest research progress on CTS and provide prospects for future research.

Genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses reveal convergent evolution of oxime biosynthesis in Darwin's orchid.

Angraecum sesquipedale, also known as Darwin's orchid, possesses an exceptionally long nectar spur. Charles Darwin predicted the orchid to be pollinated by a hawkmoth with a correspondingly long proboscis, later identified as Xanthopan praedicta. In this plant-pollinator interaction, the A.

CRISPR/Cas12a and recombinase polymerase amplification-based rapid on-site nucleic acid detection of duck circovirus.

Background: Duck circovirus (DuCV) infections commonly induce immunosuppression and secondary infections in ducks, resulting in significant economic losses in the duck breeding industry. Currently, effective vaccines and treatments for DuCV have been lacking. Therefore, rapid, specific, and sensitive detection methods are crucial for preventing and controlling DuCV.

The GRAS gene family and its roles in pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) developmental regulation and cold tolerance.

Background: Pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) is a major tropical fruit crop with considerable economic importance, and its growth and development are significantly impacted by low temperatures. The plant-specific GRAS gene family plays crucial roles in diverse processes, including flower and fruit development, as well as in stress responses.

Evaluation of pollution potential in swine manure across growth stages: Impact of dietary nutrients and management strategies.

Regulation of dietary nutrient fractions to control the release of labile manure pollutants in swine production remains a challenge. Feeding trials were conducted to assess the impact of dietary nutrient fractions on labile manure composition and pollution potential in pigs at different growth stages. The pigs were selected based on age (weaning = 60 days, feeding = 100 days, and finishing = 160 days), health, and average body weight (23.

Halogenated bisphenol F compounds: Chlorination-mediated formation and photochemical fate in sunlit surface water.

Halogenated bisphenol compounds are prevalent in urban water systems and may pose greater environmental risks than their bisphenol precursors. This study explored the formation of halogenated bisphenol F (BPF) in water chlorination and their subsequent transformation behaviors in receiving waters. The kinetics and pathways of BPF halogenation with chlorine, bromine, and iodine were firstly investigated.

Effects of soy flour formulation and pretreatment on the properties of gluten-free cookies: A comprehensive study from flour, dough, to baked products.

Grain-based gluten-free cookies are often nutritionally inferior owing to their low protein content. This study aimed to enhance the nutritional value of gluten-free cookies by incorporating soy flour and to investigate the effects of different types of modified soy flour on the properties of gluten-free dough and cookies. Results indicate that all types of modified soy flour significantly decreased water absorption capacity (p < 0.

Profiling and visualization of organic acids in grape plants by desorption electrospray ionization imaging.

Organic acids play a crucial role in determining the quality of grapes and their derived products, such as wine and juice. Despite their critical role in grapevine physiology and fruit quality, limited research has investigated the distribution of these acids within grape plants. This study employed desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) imaging to rapidly profile and image key organic acids across various grape tissues.

Ultrasound-Activated Near-Infrared-II Afterglow Luminescence for Precise Cancer Imaging.

Afterglow fluorescence imaging has been extensively assessed in ultrasensitive bioimaging. Since it eliminates the need for real-time excitation light and thereby circumvents the autofluorescence background of tissue, it holds tremendous potential in accurate biomedical imaging. However, current afterglow probes are rare and emit light only in the visible to near-infrared (NIR) range, which is inadequate for imaging.

Transcriptomic analysis of male diamondback moth antennae: Response to female semiochemicals and allyl isothiocyanate.

Female semiochemicals and allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) attract moths, and the moths use odorant-degrading enzymes (ODEs) to break down the excess odor. By identifying antennae-specific ODEs, researchers have established the molecular foundation for odorant degradation and signal inactivation in insects. This enables further exploration of new pest control methods.

Identification and Functional Analysis of Strigolactone Pathway Genes Regulating Tillering Traits in Sugarcane.

Saccharum officinarum (S. officinarum) and Saccharum spontaneum (S. spontaneum) are two fundamental species of modern sugarcane cultivars, exhibiting divergent tillering patterns crucial for sugarcane architecture and yield.

A simple and stable dual-emission fluorescent system based on R6G/Eu-MOF for the rapid and sensitive determination of orientin.

A stable dual-emission fluorescent system, R6G/Eu-MOF, was obtained by simple mixing Eu-MOF with fluorescent rhodamine 6G (R6G). This system not only achieved robust dual luminescence performance at 430 nm (Eu-MOF) and 555 nm (R6G) under single-wavelength excitation, but also endowed it with significantly improved fluorescence stability. Orientin (OT), a bioactive traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) component, was found to efficiently quench the dual fluorescent emissions the synergistic effect of dynamic quenching, photo-induced electron transfer and molecular interactions.

Identification and characterization of two APETALA2 homolog genes in lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) involved in sepal and petal development.

Background: Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) is a significant aquatic ornamental genus widely utilized in horticulture for its decorative, culinary, medicinal, and other practical uses. It presents a variety of flower shapes, including few-petalled, semi-double-petalled, double-petalled and thousand-petalled flowers, making it an ideal candidate for studying the flower development of aquatic plants. However, the molecular mechanism of floral development in lotus remains elusive.