First Report of Cladosporium Blossom Blight Caused by Cladosporium cladosporioides on Calliandra haematocephala in China.

Calliandra haematocephala Hassk., commonly called red powder puff, is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant in Taiwan, Hainan, Guangdong and Fujian in China (CAS, 1988). The flowers are dark crimson with conspicuous stamens, which give them the appearance of powder-puffs.

First Report of Pseudopestalotiopsis theae Causing Leaf Spot of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) in China.

Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is a popular landscape tree in Fujian province, in South China. In November 2018 and June 2019, a leaf spot disease was observed on date palm in Fuzhou city.

Molecular characterization of DNA methyltransferase 1 and its role in temperature change of armyworm Mythimna separata Walker.

DNA methylation refers to the addition of cytosine residues in a CpG context (5'-cytosine-phosphate-guanine-3'). As one of the most common mechanisms of epigenetic modification, it plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression and in a diverse range of biological processes across all multicellular organisms. The relationship between temperature and DNA methylation and how it acts on the adaptability of migratory insects remain unknown.

[Induction of sesquiterpene cyclase gene expression and antioxidant enzymes regulated by exongenous salicylic acid in leaves of Capsicum annuum].

An analysis of the induction of sesquitèrpene cyclase gene expression and antioxidant enzymes in Capsicum annuum by exongenous salicyclic acid (SA) pointed out that the sesquiterpene cyclase gene expression in detached pepper leaves was induced by 0.5-4 mmol.L-1 of exongenous SA, whereas the enzyme activity and accumulation of cyclase mRNA were much lower, and it took a longer time (36 h) for the gene to be induced to express after SA treatment, comparing to other elicitors such as UV and fungi treatment.

[Effects of different mycorrhizal fungi on physiological metabolism of tobacco seedlings].

Tobacco seedlings were inoculated with VA mycorrhizal fungi in natural soil. The results showed that compared with the control, the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and chlorophyll, nitrate reductase activity, and protein in leaves were higher, malondialdehyde(MDA) and hydrogen peroxide(H2O2) decreased, while the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), and peroxidase(POD) increased. Meanwhile, seedlings were inoculated with two strains of ectomycorrhizal fungi respectively, and the above physiological indices trended the same changes.

Relationships within the Proteobacteria of plant pathogenic Acidovorax species and subspecies, Burkholderia species, and Herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans by sequence analysis of 16S rDNA, numerical analysis and determinative tests.

Sequence data for 16S rDNA of the type strains of Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae, A. avenae subsp.

[Effect of fly ash-filtered mud mixture on soil properties and radish yield and quality].

Based on pot culture experiment, the effect of fly ash-filtered mud mixture on soil biochemical properties, radish yield and its quality, and heavy metal accumulation in both soil and radish was examined. The mixture was made by mixing fly ash and filtered mud in proportion 1:1(w/w) and adding small amount of inorganic fertilizer. Its Cd, Pb, Cr, As and Hg contents were much lower than those requested by state control criteria.

[Isolation and selection of strains used to degrade organic chlorine pesticides and application effects].

With the organic chlorine pesticides (666, DDT) as sole carbon resources, three strains, No. 153 (Bacillus), No. 411 (Achromobacter) and No.

[Arthropod diversity in leafy vegetable field and sampling technology].

Two sampling units (plant and quadrat) and two sampling methods (random and fixed) were adopted to compare the variation degree of the diversity of arthropod communities in different chinese cabbage fields. The results show that a lower variation degree was found when the random sampling method was adopted with quadrat (0.11 m2) as sampling unit at seedling stage and with plant as sampling unit from growing to mature stage.

[Genetic effect of panicle traits of intersubspecific crosses of rice (Oryza sativa.) and its interaction with environment].

The models of genetic effects and genotype x environment interaction for Additive-Dominant-Additive x Additive epistasis were used to analyze the panicle traits of intersubspecific crosses of rice (Oryza sativa.) in different environments. It was found that significant additive, dominant and additive x additive epistatic effects and genotype x environment (GE) interaction were observed in main panicle length, spikelet density, primary branches, total lengths of primary and secondary branches, but the numbers of main panicle and secondary branches showed no significant additive x environment (AE) interaction and dominant x environment (DE) interaction.

[Effect of EGTA and La2+ on induction of sesquiterpene cyclase gene expression in leaves of Capsicum annuum by several abiotic elicitors].

To destroy Ca2+ signal system, the detached leaves of Capsicum annuum were pretreated with EGTA, a commonly used Ca2+ chelator, or La3+, an ion which competitively inhibits Ca2+ movement through plasma membrane channels. The induction of sesquiterpene cyclase gene expression in the pretreated pepper leaves under the treatments of CuCl2, HgCl2 and UV was conducted in this paper. The result showed that no hindrance of sesquiterpene cyclase enzyme activity was detected in the EGTA or LaCl3 pretreated leaves, compared to the controls treated with CuCl2, HgCl2, and UV without the pretreatment, while the pretreatment with EGTA enhanced the inductivity of the above exogenous abiotic elicitors on the enzyme activity.

In Situ Immunoassay for Detection of Citrus tristeza virus.

An in situ immunoassay (ISIA) is described for detection of Citrus tristeza virus (CTV). Sections from stems, petioles, or leaf veins of citrus plants that were healthy or infected with CTV were fixed with 70% ethanol and incubated with specific polyclonal antiserum (PCA) 1212 or with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) MCA13 or 17G11. Bound antibodies were labeled with enzyme-conjugated species-specific secondary antibodies and exposed to a substrate mixture (nitroblue tetrazolium and 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate).

Time-related mapping of quantitative trait loci underlying tiller number in rice.

Using time-related phenotypic data, methods of composite interval mapping and multiple-trait composite interval mapping based on least squares were applied to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying the development of tiller number in rice. A recombinant inbred population and a corresponding saturated molecular marker linkage map were constructed for the study. Tiller number was recorded every 4 or 5 days for a total of seven times starting at 20 days after sowing.

Batch fermentation and optimization of media for Bacillus thuringiensis.

The composition of No. II medium obtained with shaking cultivation contained three factors: nitrogen source, carbon source, and inorganic salts. The relationship between component factors (x(i)) of the media and spore numbers (y) of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) was demonstrated by the orthogonal-rotation-combination test.

Biocidal activity in plant pathogenic Acidovorax, Burkholderia, Herbaspirillum, Ralstonia and Xanthomonas spp.

Antibacterial and antifungal activity was investigated for strains of Acidovorax spp., Burkholderia spp., Herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans and Ralstonia solanacearum; strains representing 118 species and pathovars of Xanthomonas were also tested for phytotoxic capacity.

[High performance gel chromatographic behaviour of sodium alginate and determination of its molecular weight parameters].

The molecular weight parameters of sodium alginate were determined by high performance gel chromatography with Waters Bondagel E-High A column. The differences in high performance gel chromatographic behaviours between the sodium alginate and the non-polar standard Dextran T500 were compared. The influences of the sample concentration and the sample volume on the results were discussed.

Joint mapping of quantitative trait loci using F2 populations.

In this paper, the theory of joint mapping of quantitative trait loci is extended to F2 populations. Two independent regression equations, related to the additive and dominance effects respectively, are derived. Therefore, there are three alternative strategies for mapping QTLs, called additive-based mapping (ABM), dominance-based mapping (DBM) and additive-dominance-based mapping (ADBM).

Model fitting and model testing in the method of joint mapping of quantitative trait loci.

A previous paper proposed a new method of QTL mapping called joint mapping (JM). Some problems have been found in model fitting and model testing due to the neglect of the correlations among different observations of the dependent variable in this model. The present paper reports a method of solving the problems.