Frustrated Lewis Pair Meets Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane: Water-Tolerant Hybrid Porous Networks for Robust, Efficient, and Recyclable CO Catalysis.

Frustrated Lewis pair chemistry (FLP) occupy a crucial position in nonmetal-mediated catalysis, especially toward activation of inert gas molecules. Yet, one formidable issue of homogeneous FLP catalysts is their instability on preservation and recycling. Here we contribute a general solution that marries the polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) with a structurally specific frustrated Lewis acid to fabricate porous polymer networks, which can form water-insensitive heterogeneous FLP catalysts upon employing Lewis base substrates.

Cellular Cholesterol Loss Impairs Synaptic Vesicle Mobility via the CAMK2/Synapsin-1 Signaling Pathway.

Background: Neuronal cholesterol deficiency may contribute to the synaptopathy observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Intact synaptic vesicle (SV) mobility is crucial for normal synaptic function, whereas disrupted SV mobility can trigger the synaptopathy associated with AD.

SUMO-Specific Peptidase 5 Promotes Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Growth through the NF-κB- Axis.

Background: This study investigates the role of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)-specific peptidase 5 (SENP5), a key regulator of SUMOylation, in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), a lethal disease, and its underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods: Differentially expressed genes between ESCC mouse oesophageal cancer tissues and normal tissues were analysed via RNA-seq; among them, SENP5 expression was upregulated, and this gene was selected for further analysis. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were then used to validate the increased protein level of SENP5 in both mouse and human ESCC samples.

Optical Based Methods for Water Monitoring in Biological Tissue.

Skin homeostasis is strongly dependent on its hydration levels, making skin water content measurement vital across various fields, including medicine, cosmetology, and sports science. Noninvasive diagnostic techniques are particularly relevant for clinical applications due to their minimal risk of side effects. A range of optical methods have been developed for this purpose, each with unique physical principles, advantages, and limitations.

Screening of Insertion Sites and Tags on EV-A71 VP1 Protein for Recombinant Virus Construction.

This study aimed to create a new recombinant virus by modifying the EV-A71 capsid protein, serving as a useful tool and model for studying human Enteroviruses. We developed a new screening method using EV-A71 pseudovirus particles to systematically identify suitable insertion sites and tag types in the VP1 capsid protein. The pseudovirus's infectivity and replication can be assessed by measuring postinfection luciferase signals.

Application of Light-Responsive Nanomaterials in Bone Tissue Engineering.

The application of light-responsive nanomaterials (LRNs) in bone tissue engineering shows broad prospects, especially in promoting bone healing and regeneration. With a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of bone defects and healing disorders, LRNs are receiving increasing attention due to their non-invasive, controllable, and efficient properties. These materials can regulate cellular biological reactions and promote bone cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation by absorbing specific wavelengths of light and converting them into physical and chemical signals.

Innovative Solid Lipid Nanoparticle-Enriched Hydrogels for Enhanced Topical Delivery of L-Glutathione: A Novel Approach to Anti-Ageing.

Skin ageing, driven predominantly by oxidative stress from reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by environmental factors like ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation, accounts for approximately 80% of extrinsic skin damage. L-glutathione (GSH), a potent antioxidant, holds promise in combating UVA-induced oxidative stress. However, its instability and limited penetration through the stratum corneum hinder its topical application.

Correlation Analysis of Twig and Leaf Characteristics and Leaf Thermal Dissipation of in the Riparian Zone of the Taohe River in Gansu Province, China.

: The functional traits of twigs and leaves are closely related to the ability of plants to cope with heterogeneous environments. The analysis of the characteristics of twigs and leaves and leaf thermal dissipation in riparian plants is of great significance for exploring the light energy allocation and ecological adaptation strategies of plant leaves in heterogeneous habitats. However, there are few studies on the correlation between the twig-leaf characteristics of riparian plants and their heat dissipation in light heterogeneous environments.

Recent Advances in Paper Conservation Using Nanocellulose and Its Composites.

Paper-based cultural relics experience aging and deterioration during their long-term preservation, which poses a serious threat to their lifetime. The development of conservation materials with high compatibility and low intervention has been expected to extend the lifetime of paper artifacts. As a new type of biological macromolecule, nanocellulose has been extensively utilized in paper conservation, attributed to its excellent paper compatibility, high optical transparency, outstanding mechanical strength, and large specific surface area with abundant hydroxyl groups.

Iron-Catalyzed Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling.

This review highlights significant advances in iron-catalyzed cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC), a method pivotal for forming carbon-carbon (C-C) bonds directly from C-H bonds. This technique uses iron-a naturally abundant, inexpensive, and environmentally benign transition metal-as a catalyst to facilitate the coupling of two unfunctionalized C-H bonds. This method stands out for avoiding pre-functionalized substrates, reducing both waste and cost in organic synthesis.

Technology for the Quantitative Identification of Dairy Products Based on Raman Spectroscopy, Chemometrics, and Machine Learning.

The technologies used for the characterization and quantitative analysis of dairy products based on Raman spectroscopy have developed rapidly in recent years. At the level of spectral data, there are not only traditional Raman spectra but also two-dimensional correlation spectra, which can provide rich compositional and characteristic information about the samples. In terms of spectral preprocessing, there are various methods, such as normalization, wavelet denoising, and feature extraction.

The Origin(s) of LUCA: Computer Simulation of a New Theory.

Carl Woese's thesis of cellular evolution emphasized that the last universal common/cellular ancestor (LUCA) must have evolved by drawing from "global inventions". Yet, existing theories regarding the origin(s) of LUCA have mostly centered upon scenarios that LUCA had evolved mostly independently. In an earlier paper, we advanced a new theory regarding the origin(s) of LUCA that extends Woese's original insights.

Advancements and Perspectives in Biodegradable Polyester Elastomers: Toward Sustainable and High-Performance Materials.

While the traditional rubber industry faces the severe pressure of environmental pollution and carbon emissions, bio-based and biodegradable elastomers have become a hot topic in the field and drawn intensive research interest. Inspired by polyester resin, incorporating polyol or polycarboxylic acid as a branching unit into aliphatic polyester and/or introducing a monomer with a C=C bond to provide open-bond cross-linking in the fashion of common vulcanization to form three-dimensional network structures are two mainstream strategies for designing biodegradable polyester elastomers (BPEs). Both methods encounter more or fewer problems, such as poor mechanical and thermal properties due to the easy hydrolysis of the ester bond and space hinderance, or the potential harm of the remaining degraded small molecules with olefin bonds.

Cu-Ion Hybrid Porous Carbon with Nanoarchitectonics Derived from Heavy-Metal-Contaminated Biomass as Ultrahigh-Performance Supercapacitor.

It is challenging to handle heavy-metal-rich plants that grow in contaminated soil. The role of heavy metals in biomass on the physicochemical structure and electrochemical properties of their derived carbon has not been considered in previous research. In this study, Cu-ion hybrid nanoporous carbon (CHNC) is prepared from Cu content-contaminated biomass through subcritical hydrocharization (HTC) coupling pyrolytic activation processes.

Metabolomic Profiling Reveals Potential Biomarkers and Prominent Features in HIV/AIDS Patients Co-Infected with SARS-CoV-2.

The underlying mechanisms and diagnostic biomarkers for the progress of COVID-19 in HIV patients have not been fully elucidated. In this study, the aim is to analyze the metabolomic profiles of HIV/AIDS patients co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 and to identify biomarkers indicative of co-infection. In this study, we conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of peripheral blood samples collected from 30 HIV/AIDS patients co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 (pc group) and 30 patients without SARS-CoV-2 (nc group).

Mycobacteria Exploit Host GPR84 to Dampen Pro-Inflammatory Responses and Promote Infection in Macrophages.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains the major cause of mortality and morbidity, causing approximately 1.3 million deaths annually. As a highly successful pathogen, () has evolved numerous strategies to evade host immune responses, making it essential to understand the interactions between and host cells.

Laser Welding of Micro-Wire Stent Electrode as a Minimally Invasive Endovascular Neural Interface.

Minimally invasive endovascular stent electrodes are an emerging technology in neural engineering, designed to minimize the damage to neural tissue. However, conventional stent electrodes often rely on resistive welding and are relatively bulky, restricting their use primarily to large animals or thick blood vessels. In this study, the feasibility is explored of fabricating a laser welding stent electrode as small as 300 μm.

Clinical Characteristics, Pathogen Distribution, and Factors Affecting Visual Outcomes of Pediatric Post-Traumatic Endophthalmitis.

This study aimed to investigate the etiology, pathogens, antibiotic susceptibility, treatments, and factors influencing the visual prognosis of pediatric post-traumatic endophthalmitis (PTE) to provide valuable insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment. A total of 301 children were included, with 142 (47.2%) cultures yielding positive results.

Mapping the Gaps: A Scoping Review of Virtual Care Solutions for Caregivers of Children with Chronic Illnesses.

: Caregivers of children with chronic illnesses, including chronic pain, experience high levels of distress, which impacts their own mental and physical health as well as child outcomes. Virtual care solutions offer opportunities to provide accessible support, yet most overlook caregivers' needs. We conducted a scoping review to create an interactive Evidence and Gap Map (EGM) of virtual care solutions across a stepped care continuum (i.

Ferroptosis-Related Transcriptional Level Changes and the Role of CIRBP in Glioblastoma Cells Ferroptosis.

Background/objective: We aimed to elucidate the roles of ferroptosis-associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in glioblastoma and provide a comprehensive resource for researchers in the field of glioblastoma cell ferroptosis.

Methods: We used RNA sequencing to identify the DEGs associated with erastin-induced ferroptosis in glioblastoma cells. We further unraveled the biological functions and clinical implications of cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRBP) in the context of glioblastoma by using a multifaceted approach, encompassing gene expression profiling, survival analysis, and functional assays to elucidate its role in glioblastoma cell mortality and its potential influence on patient prognosis.

mTOR Inhibitor Everolimus Modulates Tumor Growth in Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary, Hypercalcemic Type and Augments the Drug Sensitivity of Cancer Cells to Cisplatin.

: Small-cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT), is a rare and aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Current chemotherapy regimens are predominantly platinum-based; however, the development of platinum resistance during treatment significantly worsens patient outcomes. Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, has been widely used in combination cancer therapies and has successfully enhanced the efficacy of platinum-based treatments.

Research Tendency and Frontiers of Multifocal Lenses in Myopic Control in the Past Two Decades: A Bibliometric Analysis.

This study aimed to analyze the research progress on the use of a multifocal lens for myopic control throughout the 21st century, utilizing bibliometric analysis. Publications related to multifocal lenses from 2001 to 2024 were searched on the Web of Science core collection (WoSCC) database. VOSviewer (Version 1.

Mitochondrial base editing: from principle, optimization to application.

In recent years, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) base editing systems have emerged as bioengineering tools. DddA-derived cytosine base editors (DdCBEs) have been developed to specifically induce C-to-T conversion in mtDNA by the fusion of sequence-programmable transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) or zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), and split deaminase derived from interbacterial toxins. Similar to DdCBEs, mtDNA adenine base editors have been developed with the ability to introduce targeted A-to-G conversions into human mtDNA.

Clinical and molecular characteristics and long-term outcomes of pediatric intracranial meningiomas: a comprehensive analysis from a single neurosurgical center.

Background: Meningioma represents the most common intracranial tumor in adults. However, it is rare in pediatric patients. We aimed to demonstrate the clinicopathological characteristics and long-term outcome of pediatric meningiomas (PMs).

Non-linear relationship between urinary creatinine and diabetic kidney disease: implications for clinical practice.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between urinary creatinine (UCr) and the risk and severity of Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The goal is to establish UCr as a potential biomarker for early DKD detection and severity assessment.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using medical records of T2DM patients.