V-domain Ig Suppressor of T cell Activation Expression During Hemorrhage or Sepsis-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Insights From a Mouse Model.

Introduction: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening pulmonary condition with significant mortality, largely due to a lack of therapeutic interventions grounded in its molecular pathophysiology. Immune checkpoint regulators, such as the V-domain Ig Suppressor of T cell Activation (VISTA), may provide novel immunotherapeutic strategies for ARDS by modulating the immune response, a concept extensively explored in cancer and autoimmune diseases. Investigating VISTA in the context of ARDS could unveil new therapeutic avenues.

Intrinsic Breakdown Strength: Theoretical Derivation and First-Principles Calculations.

Intrinsic breakdown strength (F_{bd}), as the theoretical upper limit of electric field strength that a material can sustain, plays important roles in determining dielectric and safety performance. The well accepted concept is that a larger band gap (E_{g}) often leads to a larger intrinsic breakdown strength. In this work, we analytically derive a simplified model of F_{bd}, showing a linear relationship between F_{bd} and the maximum electron density of states (DOS_{max}) within the energy range spanning from the conduction band minimum (CBM) to CBM+E_{g}.

Rationally-Constructed Porous Nanosheet NiP-NiP Heterostructures for Robust Oxygen Evolution Electrode.

The development of superior non-noble-metal-based oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts is essential for large-scale hydrogen production. In this study, an integrated porous nanosheet NiP-NiP heterostructures were designed as an excellent OER electrocatalyst. The synthesized heterostructures demonstrated notable activity, achieving a small overpotential of 260 mV to sustain a typical 10 mA cm current density, along with exceptional durability over 2000 CV cycles.

Monolithically integrated solid-state vertical organic electrochemical transistors switching between neuromorphic and logic functions.

Manipulating the ionic-electronic coupling in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) offers opportunities for interesting phenomena and advanced applications but has not been systematically exploited. Here, we develop monolithically integrated solid-state vertical OECTs to fully explore polyelectrolyte's strengths, enabling the OECTs to switch between neuromorphic and logic functions. This transition capability is achieved by mastering the complex transport of large-size polycations within the channel through well-designed drain electrodes.

Rational Design of Site-Specific Fatty Acid Derivatives to Extend the Half-Life of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21.

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a crucial regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism, showing significant therapeutic promise for metabolic disorders. However, its clinical application is limited by poor pharmacokinetics. One potential strategy to improve its half-life is to facilitate albumin binding through fatty acid derivation.

Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy plus chemotherapy in advanced or metastatic pulmonary large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.

Background: Patients with advanced pulmonary large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) have a progressive clinical course and poor prognosis, and effective treatment options remain limited. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of immunotherapy plus chemotherapy for advanced LCNEC.

Methods: We retrospectively collected medical records of patients with advanced LCNEC who attended Shandong Cancer Hospital from January 2018 to December 2022.

Does Obstructive sleep apnea mediate the risk of cognitive impairment by expanding the perivascular space?

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a neglected global health issue and when left untreated could lead to cognitive impairment (CI), one of the most burdensome outcomes of OSA. Enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS), an imaging feature as well as a subtype of cerebral small vessel disease and integral part of CSVD, are associated with cognitive function, but the relationship between EPVS and CI is not well understood and by extension the correlation between OSA and EPVS, how CI develops under the joint impact of OSA and EPVS remains unclear. It is the goal of This study to explore the associations among OSA, EPVS, and CI.

Versatile C-H alkylation and alkylidenation via catalytic alkylidene transfer of enones.

The alkylidene transfer reactions of alkenes are of particular significance but challenging. Here, we report that enones can serve as diverse alkylidene sources for catalyst-controlled selective C-H alkylation and/or alkylidenation of various nucleophiles. Treatment of a mixture of ketone (or lactam), enone and diarylmethanol with a catalytic amount of Y[N(TMS)2]3, gave the corresponding α-C-H bond alkylation products derived from the alkylidene transfer from enones to ketones/lactams, whereas the reaction of enones with various C-nucleophiles in the presence of KOH as a catalyst resulted in C-H alkylidenation.

Rapid Screening of 60 Types of Natural Toxins in Whole Blood by UPLC-Q/Orbitrap HRMS.

Objectives: To establish a rapid screening method for 60 types of natural toxins in whole blood by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/electrostatic field orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/Orbitrap HRMS).

Methods: The chromatographic and mass spectrometric information of 60 standard samples of natural toxins were analyzed and recorded, and a screening database was built. Whole blood was pretreated by protein precipitation method combined with ultrasonic-assisted dispersion, and then a Hypersil GOLD C column was used with 5 mmol/L ammonium formate aqueous solution (containing 0.

Comparative analysis of deep dentinal caries microbiota in teeth with normal pulp, reversible pulpitis, symptomatic and asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis.

Aim: To characterize the deep dentinal caries microbiota in teeth diagnosed with normal pulp with deep caries (NP), reversible pulpitis (RP), symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP), and asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis (AIP), and to identify potential key pathogens associated with pulpitis progression, exploring their roles in disease advancement.

Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, we collected 108 dentinal caries samples, categorized into NP (n = 27), RP (n = 27), SIP (n = 27), and AIP (n = 27), according to the American Association of Endodontists' diagnostic criteria. 2 NP samples and 2 RP samples were excluded due to contamination.

Upconversion Nanoparticle-Delivery Flexible Optrodes for Long-Lasting Multichannel Electrophysiology and Transcranial NIR Optogenetics.

Near-infrared (NIR) activatable nanoparticles enable remote, cell-type-specific manipulation of neuronal activity, whereas flexible microelectrode arrays (FMAs) facilitate long-term, multichannel recording of neural signals. Despite the recent development of multifunctional neural probes, integrating these techniques into a single, minimally invasive device remains challenging. Here, we present a novel optrode that combines NIR-activatable upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with FMAs.

[Corrigendum] Upregulation of interleukin‑17F in colorectal cancer promotes tumor invasion by inducing epi​thelial‑mesenchymal transition.

Subsequently to the publication of the above paper, an interested reader drew to the authors' and the Editor's attention that the clone image featured in Fig. 4A for the 'NC' (or 'negative control') data panel on p. 1146 had also been featured as the 'NC' experimental data panel in Fig.

Effect of architectural asymmetry of hyperbranched block copolymers on their phase boundaries.

Asymmetric architecture of AB-type block copolymers can induce additional spontaneous curvature to the A/B interface, accordingly deflecting the phase boundaries. However, it is often difficult to determine or compare the asymmetric effects of different asymmetric architectures. In this work, we proposed to use the equivalent arm number , which was originally defined as = /iĐ for AB with unequal B-arms and iĐ being the intramolecular polydispersity of these B-arms, to quantify the asymmetric effect of various linear-hyperbranched copolymers.

Similar Molecular Features in Two Cases of CARD14-Associated Papulosquamous Eruption.

Subjects carrying variants in the caspase recruitment domain family member 14 (CARD14) gene can exhibit characteristics of psoriasis and pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP). The term 'CARD14-associated papulosquamous eruption (CAPE)' is used to describe individuals presenting with symptoms of both conditions. This study aimed to diagnose two cases of CAPE and explore the pathogenic mechanisms, including inflammatory trends and differential features.

The Value of Texture Analysis of Multi-parameter MRI Images in Distinguishing Benign and Malignant Lesions of O-RADS MRI 4 Lesions.

To investigate the diagnostic performance of texture analysis using multi-parameter MRI in distinguishing between benign and malignant lesions with ovarian-adnexal magnetic resonance imaging report and data system (O-RADS MRI) score 4. A retrospective analysis was conducted of 57 lesions with an O-RADS MRI score of 4, of which 26 were benign and 31 were malignant. Based on the T2WI, ADC, and CE_T1WI, the textural features of the entire lesion were extracted.

Statistical shape modeling of shape variability of the human distal tibia: implication for implant design of the tibial component for total ankle replacement.

Introduction: Understanding the morphological variability of the distal tibia can help design tibial components of total ankle implants. This study aimed to assess the shape variability of the distal tibial bone, utilizing the statistical shape modeling (SSM) technique.

Methods: A total of 229 tibial bones were analyzed through CT scans to develop SSM models.

The TMBIM1-YBX1 axis orchestrates MDSC recruitment and immunosuppressive microenvironment in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is notorious for its profoundly immunosuppressive nature. The complex crosstalk between diverse immune cell types and heterogeneous tumor cell populations shapes this challenging tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). In this study, the role of transmembrane BAX inhibitor motif-containing 1 (TMBIM1) in modulating the TIME and its potential as a therapeutic target in PDAC were investigated.

Bibliometric analysis: a study of the microenvironment in cervical cancer (2000-2024).

Objective: The incidence of cervical cancer has increased in recent years. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is the local biological environment involved in tumor occurrence and development. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the global research on the TME in cervical cancer (CC), providing a knowledge framework in this field from a holistic and systematic perspective based on a bibliometric analysis.

Deep cervical stromal invasion predicts poor prognosis in patients with stage II endometrioid endometrial cancer: a two-centered retrospective study.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of depth of cervical stromal invasion (CSI) on the prognosis of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage II endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC).

Methods: Patients with FIGO stage II EEC confirmed by postoperative histopathology and consecutively admitted to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University and Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center between 2008 and 2017 were included in this study and reviewed retrospectively.

Results: Two hundred and ninety-seven patients were included in this study.

TMEM105 modulates disulfidptosis and tumor growth in pancreatic cancer via the β-catenin-c-MYC-GLUT1 axis.

Pancreatic cancer (PCa) is one of the most malignant diseases in the world. Different from ferroptosis and apoptosis, disulfidptosis is a novel type of cell death. The role of disulfidptosis in PCa remains uncovered.

Assessments and exercises of cough strength in critically ill patients: a literature review.

Background And Objective: Airway clearance is essential for maintaining patency in critically ill patients and relies on the mucociliary escalator, expiratory flow, and cough strength. A weak cough significantly increases the risk of therapy failure in patients receiving noninvasive ventilation (NIV) or high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC). This review aims to summarize current practices for assessing and exercising cough strength in critically ill patients.

Artificial intelligence assisted identification of newborn auricular deformities via smartphone application.

Background: Auricular deformities are common in newborns and require early diagnosis and timely intervention. Several factors highlight the necessity of a machine learning-based diagnostic solution: the high prevalence of these conditions, the narrow time window for effective non-surgical treatment, limited medical resources, and the importance of both physical and mental well-being. This study presents a novel artificial intelligence (AI) model to identify and classify common sub-types of auricle deformities, using photos taken with mobile devices.

The Vps21 signalling pathway regulates white-opaque switching and mating in .

is able to switch between two epigenetic cell types, namely white and opaque. Multiple conserved signalling pathways control the switch between white and opaque cell types in response to environmental changes. Here, we report the regulatory roles of the endosomal Rab family GTPase Vps21 and associated key components of the Vps21 signalling pathway in white-opaque switching and mating in .

Exploring the role and mechanisms of the gene in .

In the realm of aspergillosis, a critical concern for immunocompromised patients facing , effective management hinges on understanding fungal growth, stress resistance, and response to antifungal treatments. Our study investigates the crucial role of fungal plasma membrane proton ATPase (PMA) in nutrient absorption, intertwined with growth and antifungal susceptibility. We employed a high-throughput knockout method to create the PMA gene knockout mutant, Δ, in , alongside a complementation strain.

Sequencing of high-frequency mutated genes in breast cancer (BRCA) and associated-functions analysis.

Objective: Mutations or aberrant expression of genes in an organism tend not to be completely random and this cumulative effect predisposes to the development of malignant tumours. This study aims to reveal the possible aberrant expression of high frequency mutated genes, and then to investigate their role in development, prognosis, signalling pathway function and drug resistance in breast cancer.

Methods: The mutated genes in breast cancer (BRCA) clinical samples were identified and detected by high-throughput sequencing.