Trimeric tetrapeptide repeat protein TPR16 positively regulates salt stress in apple.

Plants are vulnerable to various abiotic stresses in the natural growing environment, among which salt stress can seriously affect plant growth, development and yield. Protein families containing trimeric tetrapeptide repeat sequences have a crucial function in plant resilience to non-living factors and participate in multiple aspects of plant growth and development. For this investigation, we acquired the apple MdTPR16 gene.

Review on mushroom mycelium-based products and their production process: from upstream to downstream.

The global trend toward carbon neutrality and sustainability calls for collaborative efforts in both the basic and applied research sectors to utilize mushroom mycelia as environmentally friendly and sustainable materials. Fungi, along with animals and plants, are one of the major eukaryotic life forms. They have long been utilized in traditional biotechnology sectors, such as food fermentation, antibiotic production, and industrial enzyme production.

Process optimization, structural characterization, and biological activity of Siraitia grosvenorii polysaccharides by ultrasonic aqueous two-phase extraction.

In this research, ultrasound-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction (UA-ATPE) was utilized to isolate polysaccharides from Siraitia grosvenorii (SGPs). Based on the results of model optimization experiments, the extraction parameters were determined. The total extraction rate of SGPs was 25.

Fractionation and identification of ocular protective compounds from Kochiae Fructus against oxidative damage in retinal pigment epithelium cells.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Kochiae Fructus, the ripe fruit of Kochia scoparia, is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used to treat eye discomforts and vision problems. Although Kochiae Fructus is mentioned in many classical Chinese medical texts, its protective effects and the roles of its active phytochemicals in eye treatment still lack scientific exploration.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to clarify the protective effects and identify the active fractions and compounds of Kochiae Fructus against oxidative stress-induced retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell death.

Multidimensional analysis of the flavor characteristics of yellow peach at different ripening stages: Chemical composition profiling and sensory evaluation.

The flavor evolution of yellow peaches during ripening was investigated using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), metabolomics, and electronic sensoristic techniques. Of the 41 volatiles quantified, 13 increased the intensity of the aroma based on the odor activity values (OAVs). Additionally, 142 non-volatile compounds were identified.

Sucralose uses reward pathways to promote acute caloric intake.

Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNSs) are used to reduce caloric intake by replacing sugar with compounds that are sweet but contain little or no calories. In this study, we investigate how non-nutritive sweetener sucralose to promote acute food intake in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Our results showed that acute exposure to NNSs sweetness induces a robust hyperphagic response in flies.

Distinguishing the botanical origins of rare honey through untargeted metabolomics and machine learning interpreting flavonoid profiles.

Distinguishing the botanic origins of monofloral honey is the foremost concern in ensuring its authentication. In this work, an innovative, green, and comprehensive approach was developed to distinguish the botanic origins of four types of rare honey, and the strategy involved in the following aspects: Based on theoretical design, suitable natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) was screened to extract flavonoids from honey samples; after NADES extracts were directly analyzed by high-resolution mass spectrometry, the discrimination models of monofloral honey were established by untargeted metabolomics combined with machine learning. Based on the comparison of various models, the Random Forest algorithm had higher prediction accuracy for four types of monofloral honey, and characteristic compounds for each rare monofloral honey were screened based on SHapley Additive exPlanations values.

Integration of basal and apical embryo lineage regulators controls F-actin cable integrity and zygote asymmetry in .

In many plants, the asymmetric division of the zygote sets up the apical-basal body axis. In the cress , the zygote coexpresses regulators of the apical and basal embryo lineages, the transcription factors WOX2 and WRKY2/WOX8, respectively. WRKY2/WOX8 activity promotes nuclear migration, cellular polarity, and mitotic asymmetry of the zygote, which are hallmarks of axis formation in many plant species.

Red peel regulator1 links Ethylene response factor 25 and β-citraurin biosynthetic genes to regulate ethylene-induced peel reddening in citrus.

The reddish apocarotenoid β-citraurin, produced by CAROTENOID CLEAVAGE DIOXYGENASE 4b (CsCCD4b), is responsible for peel reddening in citrus (Citrus spp.). Ethylene induces the characteristic red color of citrus peel, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains largely unclear.

A regulatory network involving calmodulin controls phytosulfokine peptide processing during drought-induced flower abscission.

Drought stress substantially decreases crop yields by causing flowers and fruits to detach prematurely. However, the molecular mechanisms modulating organ abscission under drought stress remain unclear. Here, we show that expression of CALMODULIN2 (CaM2) is specifically and sharply increased in the pedicel abscission zone (AZ) in response to drought and plays a positive role in drought-induced flower drop in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum).

Utilizing Indonesian Empty Palm Fruit Bunches: Biochar Synthesis via Temperatures Dependent Pyrolysis.

Biomass, though a major energy source, remains underutilized. Biochar from biomass pyrolysis, with its high porosity and surface area, is especially useful as catalyst support, enhancing catalytic activity and reducing electron recombination in photocatalysis. Indonesia, the world's top palm oil producer, generated around 12 million tons of empty fruit bunches (EFBs) in 2023, making EFBs a promising biochar source.

Effects of graded levels Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi) on growth performance, serum biochemical indices, meat quality, and caecal microbiota and metabolite in yellow-feathered broilers.

The Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CRP), is the aged peel of Citrus fruit, which contains phenols, flavonoids, and polysaccharides. This study aims to investigate dietary CRP supplementation on the growth performance, serum biochemical indices, meat quality, intestinal morphology, microbiota, and metabolite of yellow-feathered broilers. A total of 240 yellow-feathered broilers (1.

Phenolic extract from olive mill wastewater sustains mitochondrial bioenergetics upon oxidative insult.

In the last few years, many efforts have been devoted to the recovery and valorization of olive oil by-products because of their potentially high biological value. The olive mill wastewater (OMWW), a dark-green brown colored liquid that mainly consists of fruit vegetation water, is particularly exploited in this regard for its great content in phenolic compounds with strong antioxidant properties. In our previous work, we produced different OMWW fractions enriched in hydroxytyrosol- and hydroxytyrosol/oleuropein (i.

Fresh Pineapple Agronomy in the Republic of Benin: Recent Trends in Calcium Carbide Use and Producer Perceptions.

Pineapple ( (L.) Merrill) is among the main fruits produced in West Africa. This is also the case for the Republic of Benin, where pineapple fruit is regarded as an important crop for numerous producers in the Southern part of the country.

Fruit Cuticle Thickness and Anatomical Changes in Pedicel Xylem Vessels Influence Fruit Transpiration and Calcium Accumulation in Cranberry Fruit.

Ca is a key nutrient for fruit quality due to its role in bonding with pectin in the cell wall, providing strength through cell-to-cell adhesion, thus increasing fruit firmness and extending post-harvest life. However, Ca accumulation is mostly limited to the initial stages of fruit development due to anatomical and physiological changes that occur as fruits develop. The objective of this study was to evaluate fruit transpiration, cuticle thickness, and pedicel vessel changes during cranberry fruit development and the effect these parameters might have on Ca translocation.

Transcriptional regulation of miR528-PPO module by miR156 targeted SPLs orchestrates chilling response in banana.

Banana is sensitive to cold stress and often suffers from chilling injury with browning peel and failure to normal ripening. We have previously reported that banana chilling injury is accompanied by a reduction of miR528 accumulation, alleviating the degradation of its target gene MaPPO and raising ROS levels that cause peel browning. Here, we further revealed that the miR528-MaPPO cold-responsive module was regulated by miR156-targeted SPL transcription factors, and the miR156c-MaSPL4 module was also responsive to cold stress in banana.

Graph pangenome reveals the regulation of malate content in blood-fleshed peach by NAC transcription factors.

Background: Fruit acidity and color are important quality attributes in peaches. Although there are some exceptions, blood-fleshed peaches typically have a sour taste. However, little is known about the genetic variations linking organic acid and color regulation in peaches.

Physical functioning trajectories over statutory retirement: a finnish occupational cohort study.

Background: The association of workload and performance with physical functioning is recognised among the ageing public sector workforce. The characteristics of working conditions and social- and health-related factors associated with physical functioning after statutory retirement are still unknown. Also, previous studies on changes in physical functioning have not used a person-oriented approach.

The activity of a herbal medicinal product of Phyllanthus niruri and Silybum marianum powdered extracts (Heptex®) in patients with apparent risk factors for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a phase II, multicentered, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Background: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) characterized by damage and inflammation of hepatocytes. Some medicinal plants have shown antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on liver cells. We aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of Heptex® capsules containing 200 mg of Dukung Anak (a powdered extract from aerial parts of Phyllanthus niruri) and 100 mg of Milk Thistle (a powdered extract from fruits of Silybum marianum) in patients with an apparent risk factor for NASH.

Cancer-related health behaviors during the COVID 19 pandemic in geographically diverse samples across the US.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic involved business closures (e.g., gyms), social distancing policies, and prolonged stressful situations that may have impacted engagement in health behaviors.

Unraveling the genetic architecture of blueberry fruit quality traits: major loci control organic acid content while more complex genetic mechanisms control texture and sugar content.

Background: Fruit quality traits, including taste, flavor, texture, and shelf-life, have emerged as important breeding priorities in blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum). Organic acids and sugars play crucial roles in the perception of blueberry taste/flavor, where low and high consumer liking are correlated with high organic acids and high sugars, respectively. Blueberry texture and appearance are also critical for shelf-life quality and consumers' willingness-to-pay.

Genome-wide identification of CAMTA gene family in teak (Tectona grandis) and functional characterization of TgCAMTA1 and TgCAMTA3 in cold tolerance.

Background: Calmodulin-binding transcription activator (CAMTA) proteins play significant roles in signal transduction, growth and development, as well as abiotic stress responses, in plants. Understanding their involvement in the low-temperature stress response of teak is vital for revealing cold resistance mechanisms.

Results: Through bioinformatics analysis, the CAMTA gene family in teak was examined, and six CAMTA genes were identified in teak.

A reform of value-added taxes on foods can have health, environmental and economic benefits in Europe.

Fiscal policies can provide important incentives for encouraging the dietary changes needed to achieve global policy targets. Across Europe, the foods relevant to health and the environment often incur reduced but non-zero value-added tax (VAT) rates at about half the maximum rates, which allows for providing both incentives and disincentives. Integrating economic, health and environmental modelling, we show that reforming VAT rates on foods, including increasing rates on meat and dairy, and reducing VAT rates on fruits and vegetables can improve diets and result in health, environmental and economic benefits in most European countries.

Prediction of the toughness of date palm fruit.

This study aimed to predict the toughness of date palm fruit (Barhi, Saqie, and Khodry varieties) at different ripening stages (Khalal, Rutab, and Tamar) using Hertz Theory by evaluating the physical and mechanical characteristics of the fruits. Physical measurements revealed that high moisture content in the Khalal stage led to larger dimensions and mass across all varieties, with Barhi dates showing a moisture content of 63.31%, which decreased to 32.

The blood pressure lowering effect of beetroot juice is impaired in periodontitis and recovered after periodontal treatment.

We have previously demonstrated that subgingival levels of nitrate-reducing bacteria, as well as the in vitro salivary nitrate reduction capacity (NRC), were diminished in periodontitis patients, increasing after periodontal treatment. However, it remains unclear if an impaired NRC in periodontitis can affect systemic health. To determine this, the effect of nitrate-rich beetroot juice (BRJ) on blood pressure was determined in 15 periodontitis patients before and 70 days after periodontal treatment (i.